Deck 41: Recombinant Dna Techniques

Question 1

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
_______________ are enzymes that split DNA at specific base-pair sequences.

Answer 1

b

Question 2

The technique in which DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis and identified using a radiolabeled probe is called _____________________.

Answer 2

Southern blotting

Question 3

The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester linkage at a break in a DNA strand is _____________________.

Answer 3

DNA ligase

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
The enzyme that joins two DNA molecules is _______________.

Question 5

PCR is the abbreviation for _____________________, which is an in vitro technique used to make multiple copies of a DNA molecule.

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
DNA sequencing by controlled termination of replication is called the ______________ method.

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
_______________is a method for analyzing the expression of thousands of genes.

Question 8

Complementary DNA (cDNA) is formed by the action of reverse transcriptase on _____________________.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
_______________ is the enzyme used to create DNA from RNA.

Question 10

_____________________ cleave DNA at sites with inverted repeat sequences referred to as palindromic sequences.

Question 11

The Sanger technique for sequencing DNA involves the use of _____________________ nucleotide analogs that terminate chain elongation.

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
A plasmid is an example of a common _______________.

Question 13

Bacterial plasmid DNA and bacteriophage DNA are commonly used _____________________ to introduce foreign DNA into a bacterium.

Question 14

The enzyme _____________________ can be used to add nucleotides to the 3` end of DNA.

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
Instead of radioactivity, current DNA sequencing commonly uses _______________ base analogues.

Question 16

Complementary, single-strand overhangs that are produced by some restriction endonucleases are referred to as _____________________.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
_______________: A collection of DNA sequences representing all of the mRNA expressed in a particular cell type.

Question 18

DNA fragments can be visualized in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis by staining with _____________________, which binds to double-stranded DNA and fluoresces an intense orange when irradiated by UV light.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
The type of vector used for synthesis of protein is _______________.

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) ligase
b) restriction enzymes
c) DNA microarray
d) expression
e) Sanger
f) footprint
g) vector
h) E. coli
i) cDNA
j) reverse trancriptase
k) fluorescent
l) polymerase chain reaction
DNA sequences are amplified by the _______________.

Question 21

Briefly outline the steps necessary to create a recombinant DNA molecule.

Question 22

Which of the following DNA sequences contains a 4-8 base palindromic site? (Note: Only one strand is shown.)

A) CAGTCC
B) GCATCC
C) CGATTAGC
D) GAGAGAGA
E) GCATATGC

Question 23

Reverse transcriptase is normally found in:

A) plants.
B) retrovirus.
C) mitochondria.
D) All of the above.`
E) None of the above.

Question 24

Reagents necessary for sequencing by chain termination include:

A) template DNA, deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), primer, dideoxynucleotide analogs, DNA polymerase, and radioactive probe.
B) template DNA, dNTPs, primer, dideoxynucleotide analogs, and DNA polymerase.
C) template DNA, dNTPs, primer, dideoxynucleotide analogs, and RNA polymerase.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above

Question 25

The specificity or stringency of a PCR reaction can be controlled by altering the reaction:

A) volume.
B) target sequence.
C) temperature and salt concentration.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 26

What is the basis of the Sanger method?

Question 27

How is a single gene of interest identified on a plate containing many different library clones?

Question 28

Plasmids used in recombinant DNA technology typically:

A) possess a gene for antibiotic resistance.
B) replicate independently of the host genome.
C) are circular double-stranded molecules.
D) All of the above.
E) A and B.

Question 29

Describe two ways PCR can be used in medical diagnosis.

Question 30

A number of tools are critical to gene exploration. Name at least four.

Question 31

How can DNA fragments of various sizes be separated?

Question 32

What is a DNA probe?

Question 33

What do Southern, Northern, and Western blots detect, respectively?

A) DNA, RNA, and protein
B) DNA, protein, and RNA
C) RNA, DNA, and protein
D) protein, DNA, and RNA
E) RNA, protein, and DNA

Question 34

Design a potential DNA-restriction enzyme site. Show both strands.

Question 35

Explain the basis of the polymerase chain reaction.

Question 36

For identification of a gene, against which strand of DNA must the probe complement?

A) either strand
B) both strands
C) only the coding strand
D) only the template strand
E) None of the above.

Question 37

The biological role of restriction enzymes in bacteria is to:

A) repair DNA.
B) induce DNA crossover.
C) cleave foreign DNA.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 38

Briefly outline how a cDNA library is made.

Question 39

The probe used to isolate a gene from a genomic library is often:

A) the ligand that binds to the protein.
B) its promoter region.
C) a portion of the mRNA of the gene.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 40

A technique used to identify RNA after gel electrophoresis and which employs ssDNA in the detection process is:

A) None of the below.
B) the Southwestern blot.
C) the Western blot.
D) the Southern blot.
E) the Northern blot.

Question 41

Why are monoclonal antibodies more useful than polyclonal antibodies?

Question 42

How is gene disruption used to determine the function of a gene?

Question 43

What is a transcriptome?

Question 44

How does quantitative PCR differ from nonquantitative PCR?

Question 45

Describe the technique called a DNA microarray.