Deck 23: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Question 1

What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle?

A) Gradual decrease in estrogen levels
B) Sudden increase of LH
C) Sharp rise in progesterone levels
D) Gradual increase in estrogen levels

Answer 1

Sudden increase of LH

Question 2

During the time that ovulation occurs,which statement concerning basal body temperature (BBT)is true?

A) BBT increases.
B) BBT decreases.
C) BBT fluctuates around 37° C (98° F).
D) BBT rises consistently above 37.8° C (100° F).

Answer 2

BBT fluctuates around 37° C (98° F).

Question 3

Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ?

A) Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the cuboidal epithelium of the vagina.
B) Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the uterus.
C) Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the columnar epithelium of the uterus.
D) Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina.

Answer 3

Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina.

Question 4

The Skene glands are located on either side of which structure?

A) Introitus
B) Urinary meatus
C) Clitoris
D) Vestibule

Question 5

The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin?

A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

Question 6

Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?

A) Inhibin
B) Leptin
C) Activin
D) Follistatin

Question 7

What structure in the male lies posterior to the urinary bladder?

A) Seminal vesicles
B) Prostate glands
C) Cowper glands
D) Parabladder glands

Question 8

The absence of which major hormone is a determinant of sexual differentiation (wolffian system)in utero?

A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Growth hormone
D) Testosterone

Question 9

Which anatomic structure secretes follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)and luteinizing hormone (LH)?

A) Hypothalamus
B) Ovaries
C) Anterior pituitary
D) Adrenal cortex

Question 10

When do penile erections begin?

A) Before birth
B) Shortly after birth
C) Shortly before puberty
D) After puberty

Question 11

A surge of which hormone causes the corpus luteum to produce progesterone?

A) Follicle stimulating hormone
B) Luteinizing hormone
C) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
D) Estrogen

Question 12

What happens to the vagina's lining at puberty?

A) It becomes thinner.
B) It becomes thicker.
C) It assumes a neutral pH.
D) It undergoes atrophy.

Question 13

What is the function of the mucus secreted by the Bartholin glands?

A) Enhancement of the motility of sperm
B) Lubrication of the urinary meatus and vestibule
C) Maintenance of an acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria
D) Enhancement of the size of the penis during intercourse

Question 14

Which structure is lined with columnar epithelial cells?

A) Perimetrium
B) Endocervical canal
C) Myometrium
D) Vagina

Question 15

Which change is a result of puberty and defends the vagina from infection?

A) The pH stabilizes between 7 and 8.
B) A thin squamous epithelial lining develops.
C) Vaginal pH becomes more acidic.
D) Estrogen levels are low.

Question 16

The initial reproductive structures of the male and female embryos appear the same until which week of gestation?

A) Third
B) Eighth
C) Twentieth
D) Thirtieth

Question 17

The equivalent to the female gonad is the male:

A) Epididymis
B) Spermatic cord
C) Vas deferens
D) Testes

Question 18

Having ejected a mature ovum,the ovarian follicle develops into a(n):

A) Atretic follicle
B) Thecal follicle
C) Corpus luteum
D) Functional scar

Question 19

Which gland produces the associated hormones that are found in high levels in a female fetus?

A) Posterior pituitary excretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
B) Hypothalamus excretes luteinizing hormone (LH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
C) Anterior pituitaryfollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
D) Hypothalamus excretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Question 20

Where is the usual site of fertilization of an ovum?

A) Trumpet end of the fallopian tubes
B) Fimbriae of the fallopian tubes
C) Ampulla of the fallopian tubes
D) Os of the fallopian tubes

Question 21

Which hormone promotes the development of the lobular ducts in the breasts?

A) Progesterone
B) Prolactin
C) Oxytocin
D) Estrogen

Question 22

Which statements about the human papillolmavirus (HPV)and vaccine are true? (Select all that apply.)

A) Currently, two HPV vaccines have been approved for use in the United States.
B) HPV is believed to be responsible for the majority of the diagnosed cases of cervical cancer.
C) A form of the vaccine has been approved for use in males to prevent genital warts.
D) The administration of the vaccine is a one-dose intramuscular injection.
E) The recommended age for vaccination of girls is between 11 and 12 years of age.

Question 23

Which hormone promotes the development of testosterone in both males and females?

A) Progesterone
B) Prolactin
C) Oxytocin
D) Estrogen

Question 24

Where in the male body does spermatogenesis occur?

A) Epididymis
B) Rete testes
C) Seminiferous tubules
D) Vas deferens

Question 25

What are normal characteristics of aging of the male reproductive system? (Select all that apply.)

A) Reduced sperm count
B) Slower, less forceful ejaculations
C) Testicular atrophy and softening
D) Longer time to achieve full erection
E) Decreased levels of testosterone

Question 26

Which statement is true regarding the major difference between male and female sex hormone production?

A) Luteinizing hormone has no apparent action in a man.
B) In a man, sex hormone production is relatively constant.
C) Estradiol is not produced in a man.
D) In a man, gonadotropin-releasing hormone does not cause the release of follicle stimulating hormone.

Question 27

A Sims-Huhner test is of particular interest to a patient experiencing which condition?

A) Infertility
B) Possible HIV infection
C) Venereal disease
D) Perimenopause

Question 28

What causes the vasomotor flushes (hot flashes)that are associated with declining ovarian function with age?

A) Decreased estrogen levels
B) Absence of estrogen
C) Increased estrogen levels
D) Rapid changes in estrogen levels

Question 29

Estrogen has many biological effects on the female body including: (Select all that apply.)

A) Maturation of reproductive organs
B) Differentiating female physical characteristics
C) Postpuberty closure of short bones
D) Regulation of the menstrual cycle
E) Endometrial regeneration after menstruation

Question 30

Which immunoglobulin is contained in breast milk?

A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

Question 31

Which hormone relaxes the myometrium and prevents lactation until the fetus is born?

A) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C) Progesterone
D) Estrogen

Question 32

The human zygote has a total of how many chromosomes?

A) 23
B) 25
C) 46
D) 50

Question 33

Testosterone is believed to have a role in: (Select all that apply.)

A) Male-patterned baldness
B) Libido levels
C) Acne development
D) Altered cholesterol metabolism
E) Thinning of the larynx

Question 34

Which hormone stimulates gonads to produce both male and female hormones?

A) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Estrogen

Question 35

Which statements are true regarding the female menstrual cycle? (Select all that apply.)

A) Initial cycles may dramatically vary in length.
B) By adulthood, the commonly accepted cycle average is 28 (27 to 30) days.
C) The length of a cycle varies among women.
D) Up to 8 years before menopause, the intervals of the menstrual cycle begin to lengthen.
E) Menopause is achieved when a woman is without a period for 2 years.

Question 36

When does the male body begin to produce sperm?

A) Before birth
B) Shortly after birth
C) At puberty
D) When erection is possible