Introduction to Epidemiology 6th Edition by Ray M Merrill

Exercise 16

Several different theories and hypotheses have been presented. Which of these are consistent with known scientific and biomedical knowledge and common sense? Which of these are not?Why?

Step 1 of 3

Cholera is caused by a comma shaped, gram-negative bacterium known as Vibrio cholerae. It gets transmitted mainly by contaminated food and water. Consumption of contaminated food and water is the main mode of transmission. The Oral-fecal route is the most common route taken by this bacterium. Diarrhea, cramps, vomiting are major symptoms. Vibrio cholerae secretes cholera poison or endotoxins, which drains all water from the blood and hence cause large amount water and electrolyte loss.

This can be restored by giving ORS (oral rehydration solution) to the patients. This mixture contains essential electrolytes required by the body. By feeding a patient with ORS osmolarity of the body fluids is maintained, thus, re-balancing the fluid concentration. Zinc supplements, antibiotics like doxycycline and azithromycin are also administered to treat the disease.