Your Motivation,according to Expectancy Theory,involves the Relationship Between Your Effort,your

Instrumentality,also called the performance-to-reward expectancy,is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the outcome desired.

John's manager just told his team about this year's contest,the winner of which will receive an all-expense paid trip to Bangkok.John does not like to travel to places where he can't speak the language,so he is not very enthusiastic.This reward has a high valence for John.