Question 1

Compare and contrast the jawless and jawed fish. How do scientists think the jaw first evolved in fishes? Was the evolution of the jaw related to feeding?

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Question 2

Discuss how the evolution of jawed fishes and other predatory creatures affected the marine ecosystem.

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Question 3

Discuss the development of reptiles from amphibians. What changes were necessary to allow reptiles to remain on land all the time? Why did this change allow access to many new environments for the reptiles to occupy?

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Question 4

Describe and discuss the biota, including flora and fauna of the Carboniferous coal swamps.

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Question 5

Discuss the development of marine plants to primitive land-based plants to vascular plants to sphenopsids to gymnosperms. What changes in plant structures were required to make this transition?

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Question 6

Explain why the development of the amniote egg was so significant in the evolution of the reptiles.

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Question 7

Explain how palynology can be used to reconstruct past environments.

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Question 8

Discuss the problems that animals had to overcome to adapt to the land environment. How did they overcome these problems? Provide specific examples of these adaptations.

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Question 9

Discuss the problems that plants had to overcome to adapt to life on land. How did they overcome these problems?

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Question 10

Discuss the development of early vertebrates into advanced fish and, finally, into amphibians. What body changes were required to accomplish this move from the marine environment to land?

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Quiz 13: Paleozoic Life History Vertebrates and Plants