An Invitation to Health Study Set 2

Answer:

A federal government initiative called Healthy People 2010-2020 set a goal of reducing the binge-drinking rate from 40% to 20%.
Hence, the correct answer is(a).
The proportion of women who binge-drink has increased from one in four women(25%)to one in three women(33%).
Hence, the option(b)is incorrect.
Students in fraternities and sororities are more likely to drink than students in dormitories as a result of peer pressure, hazing rituals, lack of supervision, and social pressures regarding membership in these organizations.
Hence, the option(c)is incorrect.
Students in two-year institutions are among the least likely to drink, which may be a result of a lower number of fraternities and sororities in two-year institutions, students having less discretionary time and a greater amount of responsibility, and the personality type of the students.
Hence, the option(d)is incorrect.

Answer:

Alcohol abuse is the habitual use of alcohol in the face of the adverse effects of its use while alcohol dependence is alcohol dependence is a physical dependence or psychological dependence on alcohol.
Hence, the correct answer is(d).
Increased tolerance to alcohol and a continuous desire for alcohol are two of the criteria that, if experienced during a 12 month period, indicate that an individual is alcohol dependent.
Hence, the option(a)is incorrect.
The potential genetic component in alcoholism derives from the genes that are involved in the metabolism of alcohol being involved in the risk for the development of alcoholism and from genetic factors being involved in creating neurotoxicity that results in a degeneration of the cortex that results in increased impulsive behavior.
Hence, the option(b)is incorrect.
People who have used alcohol in the past are more likely to use illicit drugs, a group that contains three of the classes of psychoactive drugs-stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens, with cocaine and psychedelic drugs, being two of the most likely. In addition, those people are more likely to abuse prescription drugs, a group into which certain psychoactive drugs fall. People who are lifelong users of alcohol are six times more likely to use illicit drugs or have a dependency for illicit drugs, as compared to those who do not drink.
Hence, the option(c)is incorrect.

Answer:

Factors such as the involvement of genes that metabolize alcohol in the risk for developing alcoholism, having a family history of alcoholism, alcohol use at any early age, severe childhood trauma, a lack of support from peers, a lack of support from family, and degeneration of the cortex that increases impulsive behavior can all play a role in the development of alcoholism.
Hence, the correct answer is(a).
Alcoholism may be the result of an imbalance between two cognitive systems: a reactive system and a reflective system. The reactive system alerts the brain to cues that indicate alcohol is in the environment and allows feelings of pleasure and/or excitement to be derived from them. The reflective system regulates the reactive system.
The regulative activity of the reflective system can be stopped by a combination of high activity in the reactive system and cognitive changes that result from alcohol intake. The imbalance between the systems can lead to impulsive behavior that contribute to the eventually development of alcoholism.
Hence, the option(b)is incorrect.
There are five types of alcoholics: young adult, young antisocial, functional, intermediate familial, and chronic severe. The first two categories are comprised of young adults. The last three categories are typically comprised of middle-aged people.
Hence, the option(c)is incorrect.
The confluence of factors involved in the development of alcoholism make controlling the urge to ingest alcohol more difficult.
Hence, the option(d)is incorrect.