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Explain how you would experimentally determine whether or not an organism is an indicator species.
(b) Do the same exercise for a keystone species.
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a) Indicator species are like the messenger. These species provide warning of damage for a community or ecosystem, for example birds. Amphibian species like frogs, toads are the major adapters of the environmental conditions. These by reacting to the changing environment conditions informs to the ecosystem.
b) Key stone species are those species which are having a very large effect on the other species of the ecosystem. These species are present in limited number in the ecosystem but these species have very large effect. These species helps in maintaining the balance in ecosystem.
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Is the human species a keystone species Explain. If humans were to become extinct, what are three species that might also become extinct and three species whose populations would probably grow
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Human species are not key stone species because these species are present in very large number and thus have a very large effect on the ecosystem. If the humans are on the verge to extinct then species which are dependent on the humans were also become extinct. Most of the pets like dogs, cats and pigs live with the humans and is dependent on the food provided by the humans. Birds are also dependent on the agriculture fields. The species which were grow are fish, insects, and tropical forest animals.
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What are the two key concepts for Section 4-4 What is speciation Distinguish between geographic isolation and reproductive isolation , and explain how they can lead to the formation of a new species. Distinguish between artificial selection and genetic engineering and give an example of each.
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The key concept of this section states that if there is change in the environmental condition then balance between the new species and extinction of other species determines the earth biodiversity. The second key concept of this section is about the human activities. Human activities are affecting the biodiversity. The process in which one species split in to two are more species is called as speciation. When the organisms of the same species or population of the species is not in physical touch for a very long time then it is called as geographic isolation. The earth tectonic movement causes some of the geographic isolation. In the graphically isolated populations the change in the gene pool and mutation in the gene pool is called as reproductive isolation. Reproduction process led to many different and new species and genetic variation exist in the population.
In artificial selection the breeding is done according to choice. For example a species such as fruit, dog is selected and crossbreed with the other species in such a way that to bring the fruitful results and variation in the population. Genetic engineering is branch of science which deals with the manipulation of genes. In this genes are manipulated according to the need of desired traits. For example cold water fish can be used enhance the tomato plant so that it can develop resistance to cold.
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Congratulations! You are in charge of the future evolution of life on the earth. What are the three things that you would consider to be the most important to do
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Search for Shark Finning to find out what actions are being taken by various nations to reduce the killing of sharks, particularly the practice of finning ( Core Case Study ). Write a short summary report on your research.
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How might we and other species be affected if all of the world's sharks ( Core Case Study ) were to go extinct
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How would you respond to someone who says that because extinction is a natural process, we should not worry about the loss of biodiversity when species become extinct largely as a result of our activities
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What is extinction What is an endemic species and why can such a species be vulnerable to extinction Distinguish between background extinction and mass extinction.
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Define and distinguish among native, nonnative, and indicator species and give an example of each type. What major ecological roles do amphibian species play List nine factors that contribute to the threat of extinction for frogs and other amphibians. What are three reasons for protecting amphibians
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What are the two key concepts for Section 4-5 What is an ecological niche Distinguish between specialist species and generalist species and give an example of each.
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How would you respond to someone who tells you that:
a. he or she does not believe in biological evolution because it is "just a theory"
b. we should not worry about air pollution because natural selection will enable humans to develop lungs that can detoxify pollutants
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What role does each of the following processes play in helping to implement the three principles of sustainability : (a) natural selection, (b) speciation, and (c) extinction
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This graph shows data collected by scientists who were investigating biodiversity on islands as it relates to island size and distance from the nearest mainland. One of the hypotheses developed by these scientists was that larger islands tend to have higher species densities.
The graph shows measurements taken for two variables: the area on an island within which measurements were taken, and the population density of a certain species of lizard found in each area. Note that the areas studied varied from 100 square meters (m 2 ) (1,076 square feet) to 300 m 2 (3.228 square feet), as shown on the x-axis. Population densities measured by the scientists varied from 0.1 to 0.4 individuals per m 2 (y-axis). Study the data and answer the following questions.
How many measurements above 0.2 individuals per m 2 were made How many of these measurements were made in areas smaller than 200 m 2 How many were made in areas larger than m 2
How many measurements above 0.2 individuals per m 2 were made How many of these measurements were made in areas smaller than 200 m 2 How many were made in areas larger than m 2 Essay
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What is the key concept for Section 4-l List and define the four major components of biodiversity (biological diversity). What is the importance of biodiversity Define species. Summarize the importance of insects. Define and give three examples of biomes. Summarize the scientific contributions of Edward O. Wilson.
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This graph shows data collected by scientists who were investigating biodiversity on islands as it relates to island size and distance from the nearest mainland. One of the hypotheses developed by these scientists was that larger islands tend to have higher species densities.
The graph shows measurements taken for two variables: the area on an island within which measurements were taken, and the population density of a certain species of lizard found in each area. Note that the areas studied varied from 100 square meters (m 2 ) (1,076 square feet) to 300 m 2 (3.228 square feet), as shown on the x-axis. Population densities measured by the scientists varied from 0.1 to 0.4 individuals per m 2 (y-axis). Study the data and answer the following questions.
Do your answers support the hypothesis that larger are tend to have higher species densities Explain.
Do your answers support the hypothesis that larger are tend to have higher species densities Explain. Essay
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List three ways in which you could apply Concept 4-4B to making your lifestyle more environmentally sustainable.
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What are the two key concepts for Section 4-2 What is a fossil and why are fossils important for understanding the history of life What is biological evolution State the theory of evolution by natural selection. What is a mutation and what role do mutations play in evolution by natural selection What is an adaptation (adaptive trait) How did humans become such a powerful species What are two limits to evolution by natural selection What are three myths about evolution through natural selection
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This graph shows data collected by scientists who were investigating biodiversity on islands as it relates to island size and distance from the nearest mainland. One of the hypotheses developed by these scientists was that larger islands tend to have higher species densities.
The graph shows measurements taken for two variables: the area on an island within which measurements were taken, and the population density of a certain species of lizard found in each area. Note that the areas studied varied from 100 square meters (m 2 ) (1,076 square feet) to 300 m 2 (3.228 square feet), as shown on the x-axis. Population densities measured by the scientists varied from 0.1 to 0.4 individuals per m 2 (y-axis). Study the data and answer the following questions.
How many measurements below 0.2 individuals per m 2 were made How many of these measurements were made in areas smaller than 200 m 2 How many were made in areas larger than 200 m 2
How many measurements below 0.2 individuals per m 2 were made How many of these measurements were made in areas smaller than 200 m 2 How many were made in areas larger than 200 m 2 Essay
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CORE CASE STUDY
Describe the threats to many of the world's shark species ( Core Case Study ) and explain why we should avoid hastening the extinction of any shark species study through our activities.
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What is the key concept for Section 4-3 Describe how geologic processes can affect natural selection. How can climate change and catastrophes such as asteroid impacts affect natural selection
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