Quiz 10: Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Sigmund Freud's gave a theory called the theory of psychosexual development for the child growth. This theory mainly focuses and explains that the child development is based on the emotional and social development. This theory includes three parts of personality. 1. Id: This is an unconscious stage and is present at the birth. In this stage they get the instant pleasure of hunger, pain, etc. by crying as they don't have any sense at that age. 2. Ego: This happens at the middle infancy stage and is called the conscious stage. In this the children began to live self and get them satisfied without crying and screaming. 3. Superego: This is a long lived stage that develops in infancy and continues to the adult stage. It is the stage of wishes and morals of the caregivers. In this stage they have the sense of wrong and right and control the ego. He also gave that middle year children are in the latency period as the sexual feelings are in unconscious stage in that age. In this period they focus on improving the cultural, analytical and social skills. Hence the blank can be filled with .

Self-Esteem is the process of evaluating their performance in many different areas. This usually begins at the age of preschool but by the time they reach the age of 5 they judge themselves in the physical ability, physical appearance, peer relationships and school performance. Thus they mainly focus on their inner personality and psychological traits. But in the early childhood they only focus on being good to others. Hence the option (a) is not correct. Failures in their performance or expectation lead to depressed state thus decreasing the self esteem. Hence the correct option is .

Erik Erikson is one of the scientist's that worked on the child development. He extended the Freud's theory from childhood to adult age. He mainly focused on the psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development. He labeled the middle childhood as the age of industry versus inferiority. Children who are capable to cross and face the challenges of the middle childhood are also capable to develop a sense of competence otherwise they will develop inferiority Hence the blank can be filled with .