# Managing Quality

## Quiz 14 :Managing Quality Improvement Teams and Projects

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What does readiness refer to in a leadership context? What are the two variables that an employee's level of readiness is a function of?
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In the context of leadership, readiness involves the ability and enthusiasm of a leader that is required for accomplishment of his task. Mathematically, it is defined as a function of two variables, one is ability and other is willingness.
Ability of a leader includes his experience, job maturity, technical skills, and self-confidence. Enthusiasm shows his willingness to achieve his targets. Both of these variables help a manager to determine and accomplish certain objectives.

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For the following data: a. Draw an AON diagram. b. Compute the expected completion time for each task. c. Compute slack for all tasks. d. Identify the critical path and the expected completion time. e. Your project manager wants you to compute a completion time (in days) that gives you a 95% chance of success. He will use this time estimate in negotiating a completion date for the project.
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a)
A network diagram shows a project's activities and relationships between them.
Draw an AOA diagram based on the precedence relationship as shown below:
1. Place the activity (Circle) with no predecessor on extreme left hand side
2. Add activities on the right based on precedence ralationship
3. Write name of activities inside the circles
b)
Calculate the expected completion time using the following formula as shown below:
The above table shows the expected completion time for each task.
c)
Calculate Early and late times based on the network diagram as shown below:
Network Diagram
d)
The critical path is activities with zero slack i.e. ADJNO. The expected completion time is 6+6.33+14.33+8.50+7.83 = 43 days.
e)
Step-1: Calculate standard deviation of the activities as shown below:
The standard deviation of the critical path is 1.67+1+2.33+2.17+0.83 = 8.
The standard normal deviate (z) for probability 0.95 is 1.65 (use standard normal distribution tables or =Normsinv(0.95) function in excel)
Calculate the time corresponding to probability of 0.95 using the following formula as shown below:
The project manager is required to quote 56.2 days.

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Following are activities, precedence relationships, and task times for a number of tasks. a. Construct a precedence diagram. b. Compute early and late times. c. Compute the slack for each task. d. Which tasks could the project manager delegate? e. Find the critical path. f. Which tasks would you shorten first to shorten the project completion time? g. What is the expected project completion time?
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Activities, precedence relationships, and task times for a number of tasks have been tabulated as below.
Table 1
a.
A precedence diagram has been sketched as in Figure 1.
Figure 1
b.
Compute early and late times:
With the help of Figure 1, early times and late times of the project have been tabulated in Table-2.
Table 2
c.
Find the critical path:
Critical path has been defined as the longest path in time from beginning to end. It is the path of activities with no slack.
Thus, Critical path is
.
d.
Managers could retain all tasks except critical tasks because Critical task is the longest path in time from beginning to end.
e.
Compute the slack for each task:
The slack times for a task are calculated by taking the late start times minus the latest finish time.
f.
I would shorten critical tasks in order to reduce the project completion time.
g.
From Figure 1, it is clear that the expected project completion time is 282 days.

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(Team project) Develop a project plan for buying a house. Use the following steps: a. Use a work breakdown structure (tree diagram) to identify tasks for completing the project. Be complete (at least 50 tasks), and use sticky notes. b. Laying out your sticky notes, identify the precedence relationships for each task. c. Brainstorm optimistic time, most likely time, and pessimistic time for each task. d. Compute expected completion time for each task. e. Draw your network diagram, compute early and late times, and find the critical path. f. Compute the 90% completion time for your project.

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Following are activities, precedence relationships, and task times for a number of tasks. a. Construct a precedence diagram. b. Compute early and late times. c. Compute the slack for each task. d. Which tasks could the project manager delegate? e. Find the critical path. f. Which tasks would you shorten first to shorten the project completion time? g. What is the expected project completion time? h. What is the probability of completing the project in the time identified in g?
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What is the difference between routine work and knowledge work? Provide examples of each type of work.
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Perform a cost-benefit analysis using the following data: Direct Costs • 10 laptops-$2,000/each • A server-$2,000 • Network installation-$15,000 • Software-$20,000 Indirect Costs • Training-$15,000 Annualized Benefits • Increased capacity-$100,000
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What is meant by employee empowerment? What is the relationship between employee empowerment and teamwork?
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Would you enjoy working on a team at Whole Foods? Why or why not?
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What are the major disadvantages of multiple layers of management in a business organization? Is teamwork typically implemented in organizations that have multiple layers of management or organizations that have fairly flat hierarchies? Explain your answer.
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Perform a cost-benefit analysis with payback period for a project where indirect costs are $50,000, direct costs are$25,000, and annualized benefits are \$60,000.
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Why has increased complexity in the workplace resulted in an increased emphasis on employee participation and teamwork?
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In general, do employees enjoy working in teams? Why or why not?
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Do you believe that Whole Foods' emphasis on teamwork is appropriate for the grocery store industry? Why or why not?
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Briefly describe the five stages of the life cycle of a team. Is it important for a team to pass through each of these stages? Why or why not?
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In what ways can employee empowerment facilitate and contribute to organizational learning?
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(Team project) Complete the steps in Problem for the following project: completing a university degree program (choose any major). Problem (Team project) Develop a project plan for buying a house. Use the following steps: a. Use a work breakdown structure (tree diagram ) to identify tasks for completing the project. Be complete (at least 50 tasks), and use sticky notes. b. Laying out your sticky notes, identify the precedence relationships for each task. c. Brainstorm optimistic time, most likely time, and pessimistic time for each task. d. Compute expected completion time for each task. e. Draw your network diagram, compute early and late times, and find the critical path. f. Compute the 90% completion time for your project.

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For the following data: a. Draw a PERT diagram. b. Compute expected completion times for all tasks. c. Find the critical path. d. What is the completion time that gives you a 75% chance of success?
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