Human Resource Management Study Set 10

Answer:

Different countries have different culture due to which the cultural differences arise. Cultural differences can be expressed through difference in custom, religion, languages and many others.
Below mentioned are the reasons concluding that person's clothing affect his or her effectiveness in business settings:
1. Comfortable.
Comfortable clothing of the individual makes him feel relax rather than irritated due to uncomfortable clothing. This also increases the concentration of individual in their working by avoiding distraction due to uncomfortable clothing and thus increases the efficiency.
2. Boost Confidence.
Employees clothing in the workplace reflects the organization culture. It also represents the goals and vision of the organization. Employee's proper dress up sends a positive message to clients and boosts the confidence of clients in the business.

Answer:

Dimension of culture refers the degree of differentiation between different cultures. Knowing these differences can help a manager to do well in the international business markets.
Greet Hofstede's cultural Dimension theory helps to understand unique aspects of culture that can be scaled for comparison. Thus, based on his research, Hofstede identified five different categories of cultural dimension that can be used to understand a country's culture. These five dimensions are as follows:
• Power distance: This dimension expresses the degree to which the less powerful member of a society accepts and perceives that the power is equally distributed in the society. Thus, a society with high power distance are more coercive and use referent power whereas, society who assume themselves at low power distance value reward, legitimate and use expert power to make a decision.
• Individualism/collectivism: This dimension expresses the degree to which members of the society feel connected with each other. Thus, where the bonds between individual are loose, they tend to look after themselves and their family member. Whereas, a society who believes on collectivism social bonds and integrate their relation from birth and are always ready to protect members without anything in return.
• Masculinity/Feminist: It measures the degree to which roles are distributed among genders and the gender who dominate major decisions in the society. Thus, masculinity represents a need for achievement, heroism, material reward for success, recognition. Whereas, feminist society prefers cooperation, caring, modesty and well- balanced life, risk-avoider.
• Uncertainty avoidance: This dimension measures the degree to which members of the society avoid the uncertain situations.
• Long-term/short -term orientation : It measures the degree to which the society values the social obligation and tradition. Thus, the members having long-term orientation value more to thrift and perseverance. Whereas, members who value short -term orientation values for respect, traditions and abide by their social obligations.
a.
Selection decision based on extensive assessment of individual ability of U.S HRM style will help a manager to attract and retain best personnel in the organization. This will help a manager to consider a individual capabilities rather than focusing on the group or collective achievement.
b.
Appraisal based on individual performance will motivate the individual to work hard to achieve high performance appraisal. Moreover, it will create a competition among the employees. Employees will be motivated by achievement, recognition, heroism, material rewards for success and recognition. This will ultimately benefit the organization to achieve it's target.
c.
System for gathering suggestions from worker reflects the participatory or collectivism work culture of a organization. This will enable a manger to create a healthy and harmonious industrial relation.as the collectivism value each and every individual view point. This will also benefits a management to gather more number of alternatives when confronted with a problem.
d.
Self-managing work teams ease a management from controlling and motivating the work force. Thus, a manger gets ample of time that he/she can devote to other important work. A self-managed work group is self- motivated and directed and therefore reduce the chances of group conflict.

Answer:

There are many factors affect the human resource management in an organization with international operations. Here we are going to discuss the factors that affect the HRM besides cultural differences.
• Other factor that affect the HRM is requirement of some extra staff and to conduct the recruitment process, HR has to evaluate the international market which would lead to increase the cost and decrease the revenue of organization.
• Training and development related issues also affect the HRM as they have to design the training program for the new employees with different and diverse educational background to make them aware about the new market.
• Other factor that affect is that HRM has to work on understanding the differences in legal policies related to the HRM practices, sometimes coping up with the different new labour laws and Govt. policies to comply with the new international law.
• HRM department has to face some linguistic and educational background related challenges while operating internationally.
• Another factor that affect the HRM is dealing with the challenges related to the employees working condition, minimum wage-rate and other legal challenges related to the employee' protection. HR has to decide about the flexible compensation systems, different pay rate, tax system and has to consider the cost of living in other country.