Quiz 7: Community Nursing and Care Continuity

The example of the mastectomy given in the passage is clearly against the agenda. It suggests that the patients are discharged prematurely from the hospitals after the mastectomy surgery. This will affect the client health and proper rehabilitation. Mastectomy is the surgical removal of breast part partially or completely. It is usually associated with the treatment of breast cancer. According to different studies, change of shape of the breast as well as the pain after the surgery has certain adverse effects. Risks related to infections are high. A hematoma can be seen in wound infections along with seroma. The build-up of blood in and around the wound is known as the hematoma, whereas the buildup of the clear fluid in and around the wound is called as the seroma. Removal of lymph nodes will have added side-effects. Normally a patient is kept for 1-2 days in the hospital after the surgery. The decision is made by the surgeon based on the success of the surgery. Bandages are wrapped around the chest of the patient. Drains coming out of the incision site are normal in such cases. The possibility of pain, itching, and numbness are the other symptoms. Complete bed rest is advised for one or two weeks at least. The ANA's (American nurses association) Health System Reform Agenda clearly states that healthcare should provide follow-up care to the clients in the first point of the agenda. It also states that the hospital should respect client and his family. Therefore the given example was a violation of the agenda. As we have described the aftereffects of the surgery, it is important that the proper health care should be provided in such cases.

The health care industry has evolved with time. With increasing health cost, technology advancement, advanced client acuity, and easy access to good health care, it has made the health care industry advanced. Once, considered impossible care at home for critical patient is also possible now. Primary health care is funded only by the public funding. Paying all the costs by the public fund does not fall under health system reform agenda. Neither does initiating essential services to avoid gaps. Hence, the option 1, 2 and 4 are incorrect. Case management, focusing on clients and looking after health care needs, is rightly categorized under health system reform agenda. Both the public and private sector help in donating money, and not just the public sector. Hence, the correct answer is option .

The ANA's (American nurses association) Health System Reform Agenda clearly states that healthcare should provide follow-up care to the clients in the first point of the agenda. It also states that the hospital should respect client and his family. Three agenda items of ANA are as follows: 1. Health care should be provided in settings which give follow-up care and treatment at a reasonable price. 2. Healthcare should be available during convenient hours at every location to the clients with accommodation facility to the family. People with disabilities are ought to be provided services for the whole lifespan. 3. Healthcare should be culturally respectful and appropriate of clients and their families. They should involve the client in the decision making. Out of these 3, the second agenda is most important in the current world. Developed countries have better healthcare services and facilities in comparison to the developing countries. However, there is still scope of improvement. Developing countries have a poor healthcare infrastructure and the shortage of medicines, physicians and other basic needs of healthcare are still exist there. The first agenda is related to the cost of the treatment provided. People have right to the reasonably priced healthcare. Many of the current medicines and treatment are so expensive due to high manufacturing and research cost. Above all, pharmaceutical companies, biomedical instrument manufacturers, and private healthcare institutes are indulge in heavy profit-making. Therefore, ensuring the cost-effective healthcare is important too. Healthcare system should take into minds the cultural, religious and psychological differences of the clients and their relatives. They must be provided with the accommodation facility and if possible, their doubts should be cleared. The client should be involved in the decision-making related his health care and treatments.