[Solved] According to the General Theory of Relativity, the Presence of Mass

The equivalence principle (principle of equivalence) says that A) the amount of energy released by fusion is equivalent to the amount of mass that is lost B) gravity is equivalent the strong nuclear force is inside any nucleus C) the effects of gravity are equivalent to the effects of acceleration D) far away from a black hole, its pull is equivalent to the pull of the star that it formed from E) the event horizon of a black hole is equivalent to the place where things are forever trapped

If you are in a freely falling elevator near the top of a tall building, as the elevator falls, your weight would be: A) the same as your usual weight B) a bit less than your usual weight C) equal to zero - you would be weightless D) a little more than your usual weight E) so great that you would be pressed to the floor and in great pain

When astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) in space let go of an orange, it just floats there. Why is that? A) the ISS is so far from the Earth, the gravity there is essentially zero B) the ISS is falling around the Earth, and in free fall, things feel no weight C) spacetime is so different aboard the ISS, that time stops, and so nothing can fall D) the law of gravity only works on the Earth, it doesn't work in space E) this is an unsolved problem in science, and so it is "fruitless" to worry about it Section 24.2: Spacetime and Gravity

Which of the following statements about the way the mass of a white dwarf affects spacetime is correct? A) the white dwarf mass will attract light, and pull it in a curved path; spacetime is not affected B) the white dwarf mass will curve spacetime; light has to follow that curvature C) the white dwarf mass will not affect spacetime at all; only black holes affect spacetime D) the white dwarf mass will have enough gravity to straighten out any curvature in spacetime; so spacetime near the white dwarf will be flat E) since no experiments have ever tested Einstein's theory of general relativity, it is impossible to say what will happen Section 24.3: Tests of General Relativity

Einstein suggested that the regular change (advance) in the perihelion of the planet Mercury could be explained by: A) the presence of a planet inside the orbit of Mercury, whose gravity influenced Mercury B) a distortion in spacetime caused by the gravity of the Sun C) the pull of a small black hole that orbits our Sun so closely that we are not able to see it D) the presence of a strong magnetic field in the Sun, which causes huge outburst of material E) a distortion in our view of the solar system caused by the Earth's atmosphere

When Einstein proposed his General Theory of Relativity, he suggested some pretty strange ideas about space, time, and gravity. How did scientists in 1919 show that Einstein's theory described the behavior of the real world and wasn't just a crazy hypothesis? A) by finding x-rays from a black hole B) by using an H-R diagram for a nearby cluster of stars C) by discovering the process of nuclear fusion D) by dropping different weights from very tall buildings E) by observing starlight coming close to the Sun during an eclipse Section 24.4: Time in General Relativity

According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, the stronger a star's gravity, A) the weaker its pull on another star will be B) the slower time runs near it C) the weaker the x-rays we see from it D) the smaller the event horizon will be of the black hole it makes E) the less space-time around it will be distorted

In 1959, Pound and Rebka did an experiment to test the prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity about the relationship between the pace of time and the strength of gravity. When two identical atomic clocks, one on the ground floor and one on the top floor, were compared, A) the clocks ran at exactly the same pace in both locations B) the clock on the top floor ran a tiny bit slower C) the clock on the ground floor ran a tiny bit slower D) the clock on the ground floor became a little bit lighter (weighed less) E) the clock on the top floor became a little bit lighter

When a light wave leaves a region of strong gravity, compared to the same wave leaving a spaceship in empty space, the wave in strong gravity will have A) a longer wavelength B) a lower frequency C) less energy D) a gravitational redshift E) all of the above

From which of the following will a wave of light show the greatest gravitational redshift: A) a white dwarf B) a giant planet like Jupiter C) Earth D) the Sun E) a spaceship in empty space