Question 1

_________ role overload is due to the amount of demands; ________ role overload is due to the difficulty of those demands perceived by a particular employee.&#10;A) Work; emotion&#10;B) Subjective; objective&#10;C) Quantitative; qualitative&#10;D) Physical; perceptual

Accepted Answer

Quantitative role overload is related to the volume of tasks or demands, while qualitative role overload concerns the complexity or difficulty of those tasks.

Question 2

Researchers who focus mainly on the negative effects of workplace stress are likely adhering to which of the following approaches to occupational stress?&#10;A) Humanistic&#10;B) Medical&#10;C) Clinical/counseling&#10;D) Engineering

Accepted Answer

The medical approach to occupational stress focuses on physiological reactions to workplace stressors and identifies negative health effects caused by stress. This approach is concerned with minimizing the negative impacts of stress on physical health, and as such, researchers who focus on negative effects fall into this category. The humanistic approach focuses on the subjective experience of stress and aims to enhance the overall well-being of employees. The clinical/counseling approach aims to alleviate employee stress by addressing individual issues, while the engineering approach focuses on reducing stressors within the workplace environment.

Question 3

Which of the following terms is defined as an aspect of the work or job environment for which an employee may need to adapt or change?&#10;A) Strain&#10;B) Stress&#10;C) Stressor&#10;D) Goal

Accepted Answer

A stressor is an external factor in the work environment that can lead to stress, such as high workload or difficult co-workers. Strain refers to the physical or emotional effects of stress, while goal is not related to adapting to the work environment.

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding the stressor of layoffs is true?&#10;A) Layoffs affect only employees who have left the organization.&#10;B) Layoffs are due mainly to external factors.&#10;C) Emotional coping is the best strategy for laid-off employees.&#10;D) Employees who survive layoffs may also feel extreme stress.

Accepted Answer

Employees who survive layoffs may also feel extreme stress due to survivor guilt, increased workload, and anxiety about future job security. Option A is incorrect because layoffs can affect the entire organization, including employees who remain employed. Option B is incorrect as layoffs are sometimes deliberate strategies by organizations to restructure, downsize or consolidate as opposed to being due only to external factors. Option C is incorrect because emotional coping alone may not be effective, and practical actions such as networking and upskilling may be more useful.

Question 5

Occupational health and stress are influenced by _____________ factors (combinations of the environment and interpersonal interactions).&#10;A) psychosocial&#10;B) socio-cognitive&#10;C) psychopersonal&#10;D) indicological

Accepted Answer

The term "psychosocial" refers to the interaction between psychological and social factors. Occupational health and stress are influenced by aspects of both the work environment and interpersonal interactions with colleagues, supervisors, and customers/clients, making the psychosocial factors the most relevant choice. The other options (socio-cognitive, psychopersonal, and indicological) are not commonly used terms in the study of occupational health and stress.

Question 6

The positive response that an employee may have to demanding work conditions is called:&#10;A) Good stress&#10;B) Challenge stress&#10;C) Distress&#10;D) Eustress

Accepted Answer

The positive response that an employee may have to demanding work conditions is called eustress. Eustress is a type of stress that provides a motivating and invigorating experience that can lead to personal growth and development. It is different from distress which is a negative form of stress that can lead to burnout and exhaustion. Challenge stress is a term that is sometimes used interchangeably with eustress, but eustress is the more commonly used term. Good stress is not a recognized term in psychology.

Deck 7: Employee Health and Well-Being