Deck 9: Surgical Pharmacology and Anesthesia

Question 1

What is the pharmacological agent administered specifically to treat malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

A) curare
B) dantrolene
C) sevoflurane
D) succinylcholine

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The practice of applying cricoid pressure during endotracheal intubation was named for a British anesthesiologist named:

A) Doppler
B) Heimlich
C) Korotkoff
D) Sellick

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following pharmacological agents provides muscle relaxation by preventing acetylcholine from stimulating muscle contraction?

A) dissociative
B) induction
C) nondepolarizing
D) volatile

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which type of drug is used to treat possible postoperative nausea and vomiting?

A) anti-arrhythmic
B) antiemetic
C) antihistamine
D) antimuscarinic

Question 5

During which type of assessment would Korotkoff's sounds be heard?

A) listening for breathing before initiating CPR
B) during coughing during the recovery phase
C) using a stethoscope for manual blood pressure
D) while using sterile Doppler probe to find blockage

Question 6

Which drug is administered intravenously to treat life-threatening cardiac ventricular arrhythmias?

A) cimetidine
B) diazepam
C) naloxone HCl
D) lidocaine HCl

Question 7

What would be the scrubbed surgical technologist's role in the general anesthesia induction phase?

A) applies cricoid pressure for intubation
B) initates the "time-out"
C) maintains absolute quiet
D) suctions oral secretions

Question 8

What is the name of the device used to support or modify the curvature of an endotracheal tube during intubation?

A) balloon
B) circuit
C) stylet
D) tube

Question 9

Diminished cardiac and urinary output, hypotension, and tachycardia are signs of:

A) pseudocholinesterase deficiency syndrome
B) disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
C) malignant hyperthermia
D) shock

Question 10

Why would a neurosurgeon order mannitol for a patient during a craniotomy for excision of tumor?

A) muscle relaxation
B) prevent surgical site infection
C) reduce vasospasm
D) decrease intracranial pressure

Question 11

A bovine-derived enzyme used as a chemical method of hemostasis is:

A) heparin
B) collagen
C) thrombin
D) epinephrine

Question 12

How are most drugs absorbed by the body?

A) active transport
B) passive transport
C) dissolution
D) vasoconstriction

Question 13

Which type of anesthesia would be considered nontraditional in the United States?

A) acupuncture
B) Bier block
C) monitored
D) spinal block

Question 14

What side effects after the use of the dissociative agent ketamine HCl make it contraindicated for use on adults?

A) hangover feeling
B) morbid hallucinations
C) urinary incontinence
D) vomiting and nausea

Question 15

Benzodiazepines are classified by the Controlled Substances Act as which class?

A) Class II
B) Class III
C) Class IV
D) Class V

Question 16

The anesthesia provider would assign which physical status classification rating to a patient with severe systemic disease, massive obesity, poorly controlled hypertension, or status postmyocardial infarction?

A) ASA 1
B) ASA 2
C) ASA 3
D) ASA 4

Question 17

During which phase of general anesthesia would the risk of aspiration be the greatest?

A) induction
B) maintenance
C) emergence
D) recovery

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a drug administration route?

A) biodegradable
B) enteral
C) parenteral
D) topical

Question 19

Which anesthetic monitoring device registers the brain wave activity of the patient and enables anesthetic titration for optimal level of consciousness during surgical intervention?

A) bispectral index
B) Doppler device
C) electrocardiogram
D) pulse oximeter

Question 20

Which anatomical structure regulates temperature by monitoring processes of heat production and loss in the human body?

A) cerebellum
B) hypothalamus
C) pituitary gland
D) thyroid gland

Question 21

Ancef, Kefzol, and Keflex are brand names for which category of antibiotic/anti-infective agents?

A) aminoglycosides
B) anti-amebicides
C) cephalosporins
D) penicillins

Question 22

Which drug is an anticoagulant antagonist used to reverse the effects of heparin?

A) naloxone HCl
B) dantrolene sodium
C) sodium bicarbonate
D) protamine sulfate

Question 23

Which of the following naming categories for pharmaceutical drugs would NOT be used in a health care setting?

A) chemical
B) generic
C) street
D) trade

Question 24

Minums, drams, and drops are volume measurements in which measurement system?

A) apothecary
B) common
C) household
D) metric

Question 25

Which classification of drugs is used to induce uterine contractions and reduce bleeding after vaginal or cesarean section delivery?

A) adrenergic
B) immunoglobulin
C) oxytocic
D) steroid

Question 26

Which vitamin is required for activation of the body's natural clotting mechanism?

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) K

Question 27

Which type of medication container would pose the highest risk of injury to the handler and contamination of the medication by glass particles?

A) ampule
B) preloaded syringe
C) tube
D) vial

Question 28

Drugs used for ophthalmological procedures are similar to those for systemic use but must be:

A) less concentrated
B) less viscoelastic
C) more diluted
D) more pure

Question 29

Which type of ophthalmic medication constricts the pupil?

A) cycloplegic
B) miotic
C) mydriatic
D) viscoelastic

Question 30

Which measurement method is used to determine end tidal volume of expired carbon dioxide?

A) capnography
B) oximetry
C) spirometry
D) tomography

Question 31

Which type of drug preparation both is sweetened and contains alcohol?

A) elixir
B) emulsion
C) solution
D) syrup

Question 32

What is the term for the portion of the endotracheal tube that is inflated to create a closed airway system?

A) cuff
B) jacket
C) neck
D) sleeve

Question 33

Cough syrups containing codeine would be placed in which classification of controlled substances?

A) Class I
B) Class II
C) Class IV
D) Class V

Question 34

A widely accepted list of safety measures is entitled the Six "__________"_ of Medication Administration.

A) Laws
B) Points
C) Rights
D) Standards

Question 35

In which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place?

A) brain
B) colon
C) kidney
D) liver

Question 36

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

A) apnea
B) bradypnea
C) dyspnea
D) eupnea

Question 37

What is the topical agent used by peripheral vascular and neurosurgeons to dilate blood vessels intraoperatively?

A) papaverine HCl
B) lidocaine HCl
C) epinephrine
D) heparin

Question 38

Avitene is the brand name for which type of chemical hemostatic agent?

A) absorbable gelatin
B) microfibrillar collagen
C) oxidized cellulose
D) topical thrombin

Question 39

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are also known as:

A) adrenergics
B) analgesics
C) antibiotics
D) antihypertensives

Question 40

The apothecary system of measurement based weight measurement on a grain of:

A) bran
B) rice
C) sand
D) wheat

Question 41

Teratogens fall into which category of medication effects?

A) addiction
B) adverse
C) therapeutic
D) toxic

Question 42

A patient prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for angina would:

A) instill drops in his eyes
B) place it under his tongue
C) rub it into his chest
D) spray it into his nostrils

Question 43

Which governmental regulatory agency has oversight of pharmaceutical companies?

A) EPA
B) FDA
C) NIH
D) OSHA

Question 44

Which category of drug is used to outline hollow or tubular anatomical structures for radiographic visualization?

A) contrast media
B) dyes
C) stains
D) vasodilator

Question 45

What type of irrigating solution is used during placement of synthetic grafts in cardiovascular surgery to prevent clotting?

A) antibiotic NaCl
B) balanced salt solution
C) heparinized saline
D) sterile distilled water

Question 46

What is done to an upper extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of the double-cuffed tourniquet used in Bier block anesthesia?

A) embolization
B) evisceration
C) exsanguination
D) extravasation

Question 47

Which type of pharmaceutical agent binds to another agent's receptor site, preventing the other agent from binding there and causing its desired effect?

A) additive
B) agonist
C) anaphylactic
D) antagonist

Question 48

Which of the following topical anesthetics is used as a "freezing" method to block pain receptors in skin?

A) cocaine
B) ethyl chloride
C) lidocaine
D) tetracaine

Question 49

The ratio of a solution's solute to solvent is its:

A) chemical index
B) concentration
C) conversion rate
D) cumulative dose

Question 50

Extreme caution should be exercised when using which of the following for localized anesthesia of fingers, toes, or the penis, or in neonates?

A) bupivacaine
B) epinephrine
C) hyaluronidase
D) mepivacaine

Question 51

By what name is the International System of Units more commonly known?

A) apothecary system
B) household system
C) metric system
D) quantitative system

Question 52

What is the term for a spinal anesthetic solution that has the same specific gravity as cerebrospinal fluid?

A) antibaric
B) hyperbaric
C) hypobaric
D) isobaric

Question 53

Which type of reaction occurs when a drug potentiates or enhances the effect of another substance?

A) additive
B) agonistic
C) anaphylactic
D) antagonistic

Question 54

Magnesium, calcium, and zinc come from which drug source?

A) animal
B) biotechnology
C) mineral
D) plant

Question 55

When a patient undergoes induced hypothermia to a level of 68°F or below, it is termed to be:

A) light
B) moderate
C) deep
D) profound

Question 56

What is the chemical name for a chemical or drug that causes birth defects?

A) agonist
B) parenteral
C) synergist
D) teratogen

Question 57

Fentanyl citrate is the generic name for which of the following analgesics?

A) Demerol
B) morphine
C) Sublimaze
D) Toradol

Question 58

What is another term for spinal anesthesia?

A) Bier
B) intrathecal
C) local
D) retrobulbar

Question 59

Lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivicaine are examples of which type of nerve conduction blocking agents?

A) adrenergics
B) adjunctive
C) amino amides
D) amino esters

Question 60

What type of anesthesia nerve block involves injecting local anesthetics with Wydase around the optic nerves?

A) Bier
B) caudal
C) epidural
D) retrobulbar

Question 61

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Reversal agent for opioids that works by competing for CNS receptor sites preventing opioid binding; naloxone HCl (Narcan) is commonly used

Question 62

Drugs used for prophylaxis relieve pain or other symptoms of a disease process.

Question 63

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Class of medications that are available without physician authorization

Question 64

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Fluid component of blood containing blood clotting factors removed from one unit of whole blood

Question 65

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Metabolic processing of a drug within the body; includes absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion

Question 66

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Anesthetic agents delivered through the anesthesia circuit; pass into the bloodstream via the respiratory system to maintain unconsciousness

Question 67

The surgical technologist (ST) and circulating RN verify a drug's name, strength, expiration, and amount together; then the ST labels any container holding it; and states the drug name and strength aloud to the surgeon as it is being passed.

Question 68

To convert weight in pounds to kilograms for a near estimate in an emergency, divide the pounds in half and then subtract the first digit of the answer from the answer itself to get the conversion total.For example, 160/2 = 80, 80 - 8 = 72.

Question 69

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
IV fluid that is a solution of water and serum electrolytes; similar to plasma

Question 70

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Type of neuromuscular blockade that can cause muscle fasciculations and cannot be pharmacologically reversed

Question 71

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
The effects of a pharmaceutical agent at the target site; includes theories of receptor, enzyme, and nonspecific interactions

Question 72

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Potent liquids inhaled via a vaporizer to produce general anesthesia through CNS depression and decreased EEG activity and muscle tone

Question 73

A patient taking a medication for a long period may experience tolerance, resulting in the need to increase the dosage to achieve the same benefit as before.

Question 74

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Category of drugs used to alter pH of gastric secretions, reduce gastric volume, and promote pyloric emptying

Question 75

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Study of the interaction of drug molecules with the target cells of living tissue

Question 76

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Markings on syringes and containers that allow for precise measurement

Question 77

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Medications used to permit rapid transition from consciousness to unconsciousness by quickly bypassing the excitement phase of general anesthesia

Question 78

Antibiotics and the anticoagulant heparin are frequently diluted with normal saline to achieve a more powerful dosage than the original strength.

Question 79

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Listing of common medical conditions that a particular medication is used to treat

Question 80

Match each term below with its description.
a.Induction agents
b.Ringer's solution
c.Volatile agents
d.Pharmacokinetics
e.Narcotic antagonists
f.Histamine antagonists
g.Indications
h.Calibrations
i.Depolarizing agents
j.Benzodiazepines
k.Over-the-counter
l.Inhalation agents
m.Pharmacodynamics
n.Drug actions
o.Fresh frozen plasma
Category of Class IV controlled drugs with sedative/tranquilizer effects: adjunct to general anesthesia; produces amnesic and muscle relaxation effects