Deck 9: Complex Cognitive Processes

Question 1

Matthew is a brilliant student who seems rather arrogant about his intelligence and academic success.He corrected a comment made by his English teacher in class yesterday.The teacher complimented him for his analytical thinking and provided information to support her comment.After class,Matthew told his buddy that the teacher was wrong.His buddy said,"Well she gave you the source of her information.I don't think you have a leg to stand on." What specific problem solving attribute is Matthew demonstrating?

A)Representativeness heuristic
B)Functional fixedness
C)Availability heuristic
D)Belief perseverance

Answer 1

Belief perseverance

Question 2

Mr.Soria wants to teach his students strategies that will improve their metacognitive knowledge and skills.Based on guidelines for teaching such strategies to students,which of the following approaches should be used?

A)Encourage students to disregard strategies they have used in the past.
B)Allow students to figure out where and when to use the strategies.
C)Emphasize the importance of speed rather than reflection.
D)Model and explain new strategies.

Answer 2

Model and explain new strategies.

Question 3

In the geography unit about the continents,Mr.Reyna asked students several discussion questions.Which of his questions requires students to think critically?

A)Based on your knowledge of the geography and culture of Greenland,explain why you would or would not place it in the North American continent?
B)What are the names and locations of the continents?
C)Based on information from your text,what events took place to bring about the formation of the continents we have today?
D)Compare the continents.Which one has the most countries,and which one has the largest land mass?

Answer 3

Based on your knowledge of the geography and culture of Greenland,explain why you would or would not place it in the North American continent?

Question 4

Which of the following tasks is appropriate for practicing complex learning strategies?

A)Compare the settings and characters of the two stories.
B)Recall the day and year of these main events in history.
C)List the names of the states and capitals in this region of the country.
D)Tell what the author said about the main character's motives.

Question 5

Ms.Anderson wants to encourage creative thinking in her students.She uses all of the following strategies and responses.Which one is LEAST likely to promote creativity?

A)Students work in groups to come up with their solutions to an ill-structured problem.
B)Ms.Anderson teaches students how to use the LINCS steps to learn vocabulary.
C)The class brainstorms ways to use their new knowledge to improve safety at school.
D)Students describe situations during a war when it might have been appropriate for soldiers to break a certain rule.

Question 6

Enika is doing her homework for her middle school classes.In which assignment is she using procedural knowledge?

A)In my literature assignment,I need to read the next two chapters in the fiction book we're studying and then answer the questions.
B)For algebra,I have already worked the even-numbered problems and attempted the brainteaser for extra credit.
C)In my summary of the science reading,I have written my topic sentence,the big ideas,and the main supporting information for each big idea.
D)For band,I need to play the new piece four times to get credit for practicing and earn a star on the chart.

Question 7

Based on what you know about critical thinking,which of the following students seems to be thinking critically?

A)Grace presented her dogmatic opinion about the value of the research and the conclusions of the study.
B)After the tennis match,Reid asked the line judge why she called the ball out when it was in.
C)Emma evaluated the writer's argument and recognized the false assumption the writer was making.
D)In chemistry class,Gil drew conclusions before finishing his experiment with the two substances.

Question 8

Ms.Gromberg taught her students how to use the CAPS strategy for reading literature.Teo learned the strategy,but it takes extra time.As he reads the assignment for tomorrow,Teo wants to hurry and decides to skip the strategy.He hopes Ms.Gromberg doesn't give a quiz tomorrow.Teo's situation is an example of:

A)a heuristic.
B)analogical thinking.
C)distributed practice.
D)production deficiency.

Question 9

Carrie is preparing her school lunch and sees leftovers in the refrigerator.She doesn't remember when her mom cooked the meal,so it may not have been very recently.She's running late and needs to make a quick decision.She says to herself,"When in doubt,throw it out" and chooses something else.What problem solving method is she using?

A)Functional fixedness
B)Algorithm
C)Heuristic
D)Means-end analysis

Question 10

The general problem solving steps begin with identifying the problem and then setting goals.Gillian has identified the problem and set goals.What else does she need to do to follow a general problem solving method?

A)Determine the current situation and create a path to reach her goals
B)Divide the goals into subgoals and analyze possible solutions
C)Explore solutions and consequences,take action,and evaluate the outcome
D)Use domain-specific strategies to analyze possible solutions and remove barriers

Question 11

Ken is reading his notes from science class.He wants to organize information the teacher presented about erosion-the causes,the effects,and relationships between weather conditions and erosion.He needs an effective learning strategy.Which of the following tools seems most likely to help Ken meet his goal?

A)Venn diagram
B)Concept map
C)Flashcards
D)Cornell notes

Question 12

The following students are engaged in learning.Which student's processing is metacognitive?

A)"The teacher assigned roles for our group work.My role is to make sure everyone in the group participates.Who read the chapter?"
B)"I believe the second question on the review sheet is going to be on the test tomorrow.The teacher hinted that we should review the material in the section about crustaceans."
C)"I think I need to focus my attention on the overarching point about the cause of the conflict rather than being distracted by unrelated events."
D)"The main character in the story is the man who led the group of civilians out of the country,and his actions keep the reader engaged in the story."

Question 13

In her small reading group,Mrs.Casey discussed new vocabulary words with the students.She explained that the new word dugout is used to describe a place in the hillside that was dug out by the pioneer family in the story and used for shelter.She asked students to draw a picture to represent the new vocabulary word dugout to help them remember the meaning.Which of the following students used divergent thinking to represent the word's meaning?

A)Maria drew a hole in the side of a hill with tall grass growing on top.
B)Julio drew a bear curled up in a dugout at the side of a rocky mountain.
C)Karmen drew a small opening in a hillside and put a door on it.
D)Stan drew a cave in the side of a hill with trees growing around it.

Question 14

Based on the following descriptions,which of these students seems to exhibit the highest degree of creativity?

A)Julianna is usually the first one in her third grade class to finish the math assignment every day.She likes to compete to be first,and she usually makes a perfect score on her math papers.
B)Arial knows more facts about the solar system than anyone else in her fifth grade class.During class discussions,she often tells something she has learned about one of the planets.
C)Foster began taking piano lessons when he was four years old.His parents make sure he practices every day.Now he's a senior in high school and plays with the philharmonic in his city.
D)Leo often throws out metaphors during class discussions and is curious about everything (the way his desk is constructed,the way his ball bounces on different surfaces).

Question 15

A new student just arrived at Jackson Elementary.The principal led the student to Mrs.Kimble's class and motioned for the student to take a seat.When Mrs.Kimble spoke to the student,he didn't answer.He was wearing sneakers,and he carried a backpack.He had dark hair and wore glasses.If Mrs.Kimble is a problem solver,what information about this student will receive her attention?

A)The student's backpack
B)The student's eyeglasses
C)The student didn't answer her.
D)The principal led the student.

Question 16

The students in Mr.Walker's class are engaged in a creative activity designed to help them become effective problem solvers.Mr.Walker held up a large rubber band and told students to list as many ways to use the rubber band as possible.He gave them 90 seconds.How is this activity most likely intended to increase students' problem solving effectiveness?

A)Help students learn to apply response set in problem solving
B)Help students learn to practice functional fixedness in problem solving
C)Help students learn to develop problem solving algorithms
D)Help students avoid factors that hinder problem solving

Question 17

During history class,one of the students rolled a baseball on the floor toward the front of the classroom.Ms.Durango saw the rolling ball as she turned from the front marker board.She saw the direction from which the ball rolled,determined that she needed to identify the disruptive student immediately,and quickly called the name of the only boy sitting on that row.Her identification was not correct.What probably hindered her from solving the problem of identifying the disruptive student?

A)Representativeness heuristic
B)Functional fixedness
C)Response set
D)Analysis paralysis

Question 18

Ms.Kovalik works with her third grade reading groups to teach her students the skill of identifying the main idea when they read a passage.She wants the students to transfer the skill to reading in content areas.Which of the following is most likely to help her achieve the goal?

A)Teach students different skills to use in understanding content area reading.
B)Ask parents to identify the main idea for their child when the child reads assignments for homework.
C)Provide practice with the skill to the point of overlearning the strategy and repeating it.
D)Teach students how to identify the main idea or topic sentence when they write.

Question 19

Morris is a high school student preparing for the SAT.As he studies vocabulary for the test,he realizes that he needs to stay focused rather than multitasking.He knows he will take longer and spend more time revisiting the words if he texts friends and checks email.What kind of metacognitive knowledge does Morris demonstrate about himself as a learner?

A)Self-regulatory knowledge
B)Declarative knowledge
C)Self-evaluating knowledge
D)Motivational knowledge

Question 20

Which teacher is helping third grade students to develop metacognitive skills in writing?

A)"After you choose your topic,come up with three points you want to communicate about the topic."
B)"You should choose a topic that is very familiar to you.Then you will be able to write about it in a way that holds your reader's interest."
C)"Write a topic sentence first.Your topic sentence should introduce your reader to the topic and capture the reader's attention."
D)"Ask yourself what helped you remember the boy's appearance,and use that knowledge to come up with descriptive words."

Question 21

Mrs.Gomez is in her third year of teaching fourth grade.This year one student's dad visited with Mrs.Gomez during the second week of school and described his son Gabe as very creative.He mentioned Gabe's skill in crafting witty statements,his love of writing and creating characters and settings with distinctive traits,his insatiable curiosity,and his intensity.Mrs.Gomez discussed with the dad some of the things she would like to do to encourage Gabe's creativity and help him acclimate to classroom rules and procedures without feeling stifled.Gabe's dad felt like she was on the right track.
On the way home from school,Mrs.Gomez is reflecting on the conversation and realizing that she would like to encourage creativity in all of her students.She believes she can work effectively with Gabe and use some of the same ideas to help other students think outside the box.
Describe at least four things Mrs.Gomez might do that will foster Gabe's creativity and encourage other students to be creative.

Question 22

In the second grade,Danielle was identified as a student with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.During the elementary school years,she had such a busy brain that she failed to learn some of the strategies that have become automatic for her friends.Now Danielle is in high school and has made up her mind to be a medical doctor.She realizes some of the demands of the profession because her mom is a doctor.Danielle is serious about learning and determined to teach herself some learning strategies to improve her academic achievement.
Identify at least one learning strategy that will transfer to many of the subjects Danielle will take in high school and college.
Describe the stages of learning she will experience as she teaches herself the strategy and develops the ability to transfer the strategy to new learning situations.

Question 23

At the beginning of the year,Mr.Doniphan taught his eighth graders a strategy for comprehending their history lessons when they read the chapters in their text.He has found over his three years of teaching that many of the students get bogged down in the details and fail to understand how one event relates to another.The class is working on chapter four and Mr.Doniphan is leading discussion about the assigned reading.He finds that most of the students are unable to participate.They are getting bogged down again and are not applying the strategy they learned earlier.
What does Mr.Doniphan need to do when he teaches the learning strategy in order for students to continue using it all year?

Question 24

Mick has always done very well in math.Through elementary school,he was one of the first to answer the teacher's questions,solve the new types of problems,and turn in assignments.Now he's in seventh grade and is having trouble with math.He recognizes that the concepts are more complex,but feels certain he is capable of understanding and performing better.He believes he has identified the problem.He doesn't approach his homework with the same focus he did in the past.He has a habit of multitasking when he does his homework.
Based on Mick's identification of the problem,describe the steps he might take to use a general problem-solving strategy to solve the problem.
Explain specifically what he needs to do at each step.

Question 25

Students in Mr.Kester's class are practicing the strategy of organizing lecture information by using Cornell notes.Mr.Kester is circulating the classroom and giving students feedback about their notes.Some of the students have used the strategy effectively and the feedback from Mr.Kester is positive.Others are struggling,and the feedback provides additional instruction.Mr.Kester's class is at what stage of transfer of this strategy?

A)Acquisition phase
B)Transfer phase
C)Retention phase
D)Confusion phase