Deck 24: Introducing Rocks

Question 1

What type of rock is shown in the photo?

A) sedimentary
B) igneous
C) metamorphic
D) crystalline

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Granite is a type of rock that forms deep underground from magma that cools very slowly.What type of rock is granite?

A) igneous
B) sedimentary
C) metamorphic

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is a reliable characteristic that can be used to classify a rock?

A) mineral stability
B) texture
C) water content
D) degree of weathering

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which type of rock forms from the freezing (solidification)of a melt?

A) metamorphic
B) crystalline
C) sedimentary
D) igneous

Question 5

What type of rock would you most expect to find forming in a beach environment?

A) crystalline
B) sedimentary
C) metamorphic
D) igneous

Question 6

If a rock is subjected to elevated levels of heat and pressure,a(n)________ rock will form.

A) igneous
B) molten
C) metamorphic
D) sedimentary

Question 7

Which type of rock is formed by precipitation of minerals from a solution?

A) metamorphic
B) glassy
C) sedimentary
D) igneous

Question 8

What is the difference between a rock that is cemented together and a rock that has a crystalline texture?

A) A rock that is cemented contains rounded grains that are held together by cement,whereas a crystalline rock contains angular grains held together by cement.
B) Crystalline rocks contain minerals,while cemented rocks contain rock fragments; both are held together by static forces between grains.
C) Minerals are held together as interlocking pieces in a cemented rock,whereas grains are held together by minerals precipitated in pore spaces in a crystalline rock.
D) Minerals are held together as interlocking pieces in a crystalline rock,whereas in a cemented rock the grains do not fit together like puzzle pieces and instead are held together by cement.

Question 9

What type of rock is shown in the photo below?

A) clastic
B) sedimentary
C) igneous
D) metamorphic

Question 10

What type of rock is being formed in the photo?

A) igneous
B) sedimentary
C) metamorphic
D) extrusive

Question 11

Rocks are ________ and thus not human-made.

A) coherent
B) synthetic
C) rare
D) natural

Question 12

What type of rock would you expect to form from volcanic activity?

A) sedimentary
B) biologic
C) metamorphic
D) igneous

Question 13

Which of the following would NOT be considered a rock?

A) a natural material composed of interlocking crystals
B) a natural pile of unconsolidated sand
C) a natural material made of frothy glass
D) a natural material made of shells cemented together

Question 14

Which of the following describes a rock?

A) a pile of damp sand still holding the form of a bucket
B) a collection of crystals that fit together like puzzle pieces
C) cobblestones cemented together to form a walkway
D) a layer of mud at the bottom of a dry riverbed

Question 15

Composition describes the

A) degree of compaction and cementation in a rock.
B) arrangement of minerals in a rock.
C) presence of layers in a rock.
D) proportion of chemicals that make up a rock.

Question 16

How would you tell if a rock is crystalline?

A) It contains crystals that have been cemented together.
B) It does not contain crystals at all.
C) It contains interlocking crystals.
D) It contains all one type of crystal.

Question 17

What do geologists call the layering seen in this photo?

A) tilted bedding
B) metamorphic foliation
C) sedimentary layers
D) cleavage planes

Question 18

Which of the following best explains how a metamorphic rock forms?

A) freezing (solidification)from a molten material
B) recrystallization due to changes in pressure and temperature
C) solidification of pieces of weathered,preexisting rocks
D) fast (instant)cooling of a molten material

Question 19

In which of the following settings would you be most likely to find sedimentary rocks forming?

A) deep within a mountain range
B) inside a lava flow on Hawaii
C) at a mid-ocean ridge
D) at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea

Question 20

Imagine you are holding a rock composed of small sand grains cemented together.What subclassification of sedimentary rock is this?

A) metamorphic
B) sedimentary
C) crystalline
D) igneous

Question 21

Why do geologists classify rocks?

A) to determine the chemical makeup of the Earth
B) rocks are the key to understanding how the Earth formed
C) because it makes it easier to tell them apart
D) to determine their age

Question 22

The photo shown below is a(n)________ that geologists can use to study the minerals in the rock.

A) hand sample
B) thin section
C) outcrop
D) X-ray

Question 23

Abraham Werner proposed a classification scheme for rocks based on their mode of formation.What were he and his followers called? Also,briefly explain this system.

Question 24

What is a thin section? How is it made and what is it used for?

Question 25

What can geologists most easily determine by analyzing a thin section?

A) whether or not the rock is molten
B) what chemical constituents make up the rock
C) what minerals constitute the rock and how grains connect to one another
D) the arrangement of atoms

Question 26

What is the definition of rock "texture"?

Question 27

The electron microprobe,a commonly used analytical instrument in geology,focuses a beam of electrons on a sample to determine____

A) the amount of radioactive minerals.
B) how atoms are arranged.
C) the atomic weight.
D) the chemical composition.

Question 28

What type of texture is shown in this photomicrograph?

A) foliation
B) crystalline
C) sedimentary
D) clastic

Question 29

What are the three rock groups? Give a brief description of how each is formed.

Question 30

Explain why a piece of concrete is not a rock.