Deck 12: Communicable Diseases

Question 1

A nurse is concerned about a recent outbreak of measles in a group of migrant workers.How would the nurse explain the concept of an outbreak to a new staff member?

A) The disease spreads and affects a large number of the population worldwide.
B) Exposure to a specific stressor or cause is most likely to bring on the disease.
C) It is a steady presence of a disease in a defined geographical area.
D) New cases of a disease are more than the normal occurrence during a given time period.

Answer 1

New cases of a disease are more than the normal occurrence during a given time period.

Question 2

What change had the most influence on the decline in communicable diseases?

A) Improvements in nutrition,sanitation,and living conditions
B) Free medical care and low-cost prescriptions
C) Dissemination of germ theories and access to hospitals
D) Development of vaccines and blood tests

Answer 2

Improvements in nutrition,sanitation,and living conditions

Question 3

A nurse is planning a primary prevention measure for the school-aged population against a communicable disease.What strategy best fits this goal?

A) Case finding children who may have been exposed to a teacher with hepatitis A
B) Counselling families about ways to treat head lice
C) Working toward achieving high immunization rates for hepatitis B
D) Administering tuberculosis (TB)medications to children with the disease

Answer 3

Working toward achieving high immunization rates for hepatitis B

Question 4

A nurse is screening clients at a local health centre for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)after a recent outbreak in Vancouver.Which client response would constitute an immediate quarantine and notification of the local public health department?

A) Has travelled within the last 10 days to Ontario and has nausea and vomiting
B) Has been in contact with a health care worker from Vancouver and has a chronic cough
C) Has been in contact with a person with SARS in the last 10 days and did not wear protection
D) Has not travelled to an area of SARS in the last 10 days but has a temperature of 37.5°C

Question 5

William,5 years of age,is at a well-child clinic.The nurse has determined that William is up to date on his childhood immunizations and that he received the measles,mumps,and rubella (MMR)vaccine at 18 months of age.What vaccines will William receive today from the nurse?

A) Varicella (Var),haemophilus influenza type b,and hepatitis B (HB)
B) Diptheria,tetanus,pertussis,and polio (DTaP-IPV)
C) Diptheria,tetanus,polio,and haemophilus influenza type b (Hib)
D) Hepatitis B,varicella,and meningococcal (Men-C)

Question 6

At a public health travel clinic,Jasper states that he will be going to work in a developing country.Which waterborne communicable diseases does Jasper need to be vaccinated against?

A) Yellow fever and malaria
B) Rabies and rubella
C) Hepatitis A and B
D) Cholera and typhoid

Question 7

Which is an example of passive surveillance?

A) A family doctor reporting a positive case of West Nile virus to a local health authority
B) Sentinel systems to identify disease occurrence in the community when individuals present with suggestive symptoms
C) The Influenza-Like Illness (ILI)screening tool used in emergency rooms
D) Absenteeism data related to influenza from all schools in the community

Question 8

After 2003,SARS was added to the list of diseases that people can be quarantined for in Canada.What does it mean to be quarantined?

A) Restriction of a well person who has been exposed to an infectious agent
B) The time that a person is able to spread the disease over a two-week period
C) Separation of an infectious person for a period of time to reduce the transmission of disease
D) A specific time period that the communicable disease can be transmitted

Question 9

What is the key to controlling the number of people that become infected with an organism?

A) Preventing the transmission of communicable diseases
B) Timely screening for communicable diseases
C) Effectively treating communicable diseases
D) Recognizing the signs and symptoms of communicable diseases

Question 10

How long have communicable diseases been a part of human life?

A) From the early 13th century
B) Since the mid-1800s
C) As long as people have lived in cities
D) As long as humans have inhabited the earth

Question 11

When must community health nurses complete notifiable disease reports?

A) For a fixed list of communicable diseases determined by the WHO
B) For all communicable diseases in their community
C) For communicable diseases mandated by the federal level
D) For specific communicable diseases that must be reported to local health officials

Question 12

Which population is at a higher risk for community-associated staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA)?

A) Inmates
B) Elderly admitted to hospital
C) School-aged children
D) Passengers on a cruise ship

Question 13

What was the most likely causes of death in the 1800s?

A) Influenza and tuberculosis
B) Heart disease and cancer
C) Cardiovascular disease and injuries
D) Diarrhea and renal disease

Question 14

What does it mean if invasive meningococcal disease (IMD)is endemic?

A) There is a steady presence of the disease in a defined geographic area or population group.
B) The new cases of the disease exceed the normal occurrence during a given period of time.
C) The occurrence of the disease is higher than what would be expected normally.
D) The disease spreads and affects a large number of populations worldwide.

Question 15

Which diseases would require a nurse in Canada to complete a notifiable disease report?

A) Chickenpox,pediculosis,scarlet fever,smallpox
B) AIDS,measles,pertussis,tuberculosis
C) Chlamydia,hepatitis B,rhinovirus,smallpox
D) Botulism,hantavirus,mumps,roseola

Question 16

A nurse is working to educate the public about severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)and needs to be aware of the characteristics of SARS,such as mode of transmission,incubation time,and clinical presentation.Which response best fulfills the characteristics of SARS?

A) Droplet or airborne transmission;2 weeks to 24 months incubation with fever,night sweats,chronic cough with haemoptysis
B) Person-to-person spread through saliva;30 to 50 days incubation with fever,exudative pharyngitis,malaise,and diarrhea
C) Fecal-oral route transmission;15 to 50 days incubation with acute fever,anorexia,diarrhea,lethargy
D) Droplet or airborne transmission;2 to 10 days incubation with sudden onset of fever,headache,cough,shortness of breath

Question 17

What was the first recorded worldwide threat from a communicable disease?

A) Bubonic plague
B) Scarlet fever
C) Influenza epidemic of 1918
D) Smallpox

Question 18

What is a nurse today likely to encounter while working with clients with tuberculosis (TB)?

A) Increased compliance with chemoprophylaxis
B) Healthy young adults with the disease
C) Multi-drug-resistant strains
D) Easily cured infection with antibiotics

Question 19

What is the purpose of the integrated Public Health Information System (iPHIS)?

A) Reporting system that allows jurisdictions within a province to communicate disease patterns
B) A system developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)to link Canada and the United States.
C) Electronic system to communicate outbreaks of respiratory or enteric illnesses interprovincially
D) An internationally linked computer system for communicating outbreaks globally

Question 20

What agency in Canada is responsible for collating all the notifiable communicable disease reports?

A) Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
B) Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
C) Health Canada
D) World Health Organization (WHO),Canadian branch

Question 21

What is an example of a nursing activity that will provide passive immunity to the client?

A) Provide a seasonal influenza vaccine
B) Administer hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)
C) Give the mumps,measles,and rubella (MMR)immunization
D) Facilitate the administration of a one-time chemoprophylaxis agent to a vulnerable host