Question 1

When you visit a country that has completely different cultural beliefs and societal guidelines than your own,it is often helpful to imitate the behavior of the people you see around you.This example BEST illustrates the idea of:

A)obedience to authority.
B)normative influence.
C)confirmation bias.
D)the norm of reciprocity.

normative influence.

Accepted Answer

Normative influence refers to the influence of other people on our behavior because we want to be accepted and belong to a group. In the given example, imitating the behavior of people in a foreign country is driven by the desire to conform and be accepted in that society.

Question 2

The _____ suggests that people behave aggressively when their goals are thwarted.&#10;A)frustration-aggression hypothesis&#10;B)common knowledge effect&#10;C)bystander intervention theory&#10;D)cognitive dissonance theory

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression hypothesis proposes that aggression occurs as a response to frustration or when goals are obstructed. It suggests that frustration leads to a readiness to act aggressively, although the expression of this aggression may be modified by situational and individual factors.

Question 3

After a big football win,Jordan and a few other students tore down the goalposts on their school's football field.It cost the college $20,000 to replace them.Even after hearing about the unnecessary cost incurred by the college,Jordan does not feel guilty for his actions.This lack of guilt could be a result of:

A)bystander intervention.
B)diffusion of responsibility.
C)social loafing.
D)the common knowledge effect.

diffusion of responsibility.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility refers to the phenomenon where an individual feels less responsible for their actions when they perceive that others around them are also involved. In this case, Jordan may not feel guilty because he sees others as equally responsible for the act of tearing down the goalposts.

Question 4

Tim is a government employee who issues licenses to new businesses.In order to speed up the process of obtaining the license,an applicant offers a gift to Tim.Tim finds that he is now less motivated to help this applicant.In the context of the hedonic motive,which reason is MOST likely behind Tim's diminished motivation?

A)People wish to avoid the norm of reciprocity.
B)People do not like being excluded by others.
C)People easily lose motivation to perform an action.
D)People resent being bribed or threatened.

Accepted Answer

The hedonic motive refers to the desire for pleasure or avoidance of pain. In this case, Tim's acceptance of a gift has caused him to experience negative emotions, such as resentment or guilt, which reduces his motivation to provide assistance to the applicant. This is consistent with D, which suggests that people resent being bribed or threatened.

Question 5

The mere-exposure effect suggests that you are likely to find someone _____ the _____ time you spend with them.&#10;A)slightly less attractive;more&#10;B)more attractive;more&#10;C)more attractive;less&#10;D)considerably less attractive;less

Accepted Answer

The mere-exposure effect suggests that the more we are exposed to someone/something, the more familiar and comfortable we become with them, which leads to a positive evaluation of them. Therefore, as we spend more time with someone, we are likely to find them more attractive.

Question 6

Selena believes that people who do not share her religious faith have inferior morals compared with those of her faith.This example illustrates:&#10;A)group polarization.&#10;B)groupthink.&#10;C)prejudice.&#10;D)social conformity.

Accepted Answer

Selena's belief that people of other faiths have inferior morals is an example of prejudice, which involves preconceived negative attitudes towards others based on their group membership (in this case, religious affiliation). It is not an example of group polarization (where group members become more extreme in their views after discussion), groupthink (where group members prioritize conformity over critical thinking), or social conformity (where individuals change their behavior to match the norms of a group).

Question 7

Which statement about Milgram's studies on obedience is TRUE?&#10;A)The learners in the studies delivered painful electric shocks to the teachers.&#10;B)The teachers continued to obey Milgram because he threatened to administer electric shocks to them if they refused.&#10;C)Over 60% of the teachers in the studies delivered what they thought to be a potentially deadly shock to a learner.&#10;D)Obedience to the experimenter was largely due to the norm of reciprocity.

Accepted Answer

Milgram's studies found that over 60% of the teachers delivered what they believed to be a potentially deadly shock to a learner, demonstrating a high level of obedience to authority figures. The learners did not actually receive shocks, but the teachers believed they were administering them. The teachers obeyed the experimenter's instructions because they believed it was necessary for the experiment, and not because of threats or the norm of reciprocity.

Question 8

Altruistic behavior benefits:&#10;A)only people who have financial interests in the situation at hand.&#10;B)oneself.&#10;C)oneself and at most one other person.&#10;D)others but not oneself.

Accepted Answer

Altruistic behavior benefits others but not oneself. It involves acting selflessly for the benefit of others, regardless of any personal gain or benefit.

Question 9

In Asch's classic study on _____,most people reported that two lines of obviously different lengths were the same.This phenomenon occurred on at least one trial,when all of the people in that experiment said the same thing.

A)cooperation
B)prejudice
C)obedience
D)conformity

Accepted Answer

Asch's classic study was about conformity and how people tend to conform to the opinions of others, even if those opinions are clearly wrong.

Question 10

Stereotype threat can actually cause individuals to conform to the given stereotype because:&#10;A)they fear that behaviors that do not confirm those stereotypes will cause others to modify their stereotypes about them.&#10;B)individuals reinforce stereotypes.&#10;C)the negative views directed toward them lead them to act in ways that the stereotype predicts.&#10;D)not conforming to the stereotype frequently results in ostracism.

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat can cause individuals to conform to the given stereotype because the negative views and expectations directed toward them cause them to act in ways that the stereotype predicts. This is due to the anxiety and stress caused by the fear of confirming the stereotype, which can actually impair their performance and lead to self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 11

Bob is forced to take a job as a used-car salesperson to make ends meet.Bob likes to think that he is an honest person,but he finds himself selling defective automobiles to unsuspecting customers.Bob is likely to experience _____,which probably will be alleviated by _____.

A)cognitive dissonance;believing in the quality of the cars he sells
B)cognitive dissonance;accepting the fact that he has always been a dishonest person
C)a stereotype threat;being extremely honest to all his customers
D)the actor-observer effect;believing that his customers are also dishonest

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bob is forced to take a job...

Question 12

Rosie got a bad grade on a test.Instead of admitting that she didn't study as much as she should have,she tells her parents that it is because the teacher didn't prepare her well enough and that she was having a bad day.This is due to:

A)the correspondence bias.
B)the self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)situational attribution.
D)dispositional attribution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rosie got a bad grade on a...

Question 13

Men who are prone to aggression tend to have:&#10;A)unrealistically high self-esteem.&#10;B)low self-esteem.&#10;C)moderate testosterone levels.&#10;D)unusually low testosterone levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Men who are prone to aggression tend...

Question 14

When a vacuum cleaner salesman persuades people to let him vacuum their living room for free,he is likely to increase his chances of making a sale.The salesman is using the:&#10;A)door-in-the-face technique.&#10;B)norm of reciprocity.&#10;C)self-fulfilling prophecy.&#10;D)foot-in-the-door technique.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a vacuum cleaner salesman persuades people...

Question 15

Over time,passionate love typically:&#10;A)increases.&#10;B)remains constant.&#10;C)decreases.&#10;D)fluctuates a lot.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Over time,passionate love typically:&#10;A)increases.&#10;B)remains constant.&#10;C)decreases.&#10;D)fluctuates a lot....

Deck 13: Web Quiz 1