Deck 1: Matter, measurement, and Problem Solving

Question 1

A physical change

A) occurs when iron rusts.
B) occurs when sugar is heated into caramel.
C) occurs when glucose is converted into energy within your cells.
D) occurs when water is evaporated.
E) occurs when propane is burned for heat.

Answer 1

occurs when water is evaporated.

Question 2

Two or more substances in variable proportions,where the composition is constant throughout are

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
E) a crystalline solid.

Answer 2

a homogeneous mixture.

Question 3

Identify a gas.

A) definite volume and definite shape
B) definite volume and no definite shape
C) definite shape and no definite volume
D) no definite shape and no definite volume

Answer 3

no definite shape and no definite volume

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the phases of matter is TRUE?

A) In both solids and liquids, the atoms or molecules pack closely to one another.
B) Solids are highly compressible.
C) Gaseous substances have long-range repeating order.
D) There is only one type of geometric arrangement that the atoms or molecules in any solid can adopt.
E) Liquids have a large portion of empty volume between molecules.

Question 5

Identify a liquid.

A) definite volume and definite shape
B) definite volume and no definite shape
C) definite shape and no definite volume
D) no definite shape and no definite volume

Question 6

A substance that can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances is

A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a compound.
E) an electron.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) A scientific law is fact.
B) Once a theory is constructed, it is considered fact.
C) A hypothesis is speculation that is difficult to test.
D) An observation explains why nature does something.
E) A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations.

Question 8

Which of the following represents a hypothesis?

A) Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
B) Nitrogen gas is a fairly inert substance.
C) Nickel has a silvery sheen.
D) When a substance combusts, it combines with air.
E) When wood burns, heat is given off.

Question 9

Filtration is

A) a process in which the more volatile liquid is boiled off.
B) dissolving a solid into a liquid.
C) separating a solid from a liquid by pouring off the liquid.
D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid.
E) heating a mixture of two solids to fuse them together.

Question 10

Dalton's Atomic Theory states

A) that all elements have several isotopes.
B) that matter is composed of small indestructible particles.
C) that the properties of matter are determined by the properties of atoms.
D) that energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
E) that an atom is predominantly empty space.

Question 11

Identify a solid.

A) definite volume and definite shape
B) definite volume and no definite shape
C) definite shape and no definite volume
D) no definite shape and no definite volume

Question 12

Molecules can be described as

A) mixtures of two or more pure substances.
B) mixtures of two or more elements that has a specific ratio between components.
C) two or more atoms chemically joined together.
D) heterogeneous mixtures.
E) homogeneous mixtures.

Question 13

Two or more substances in variable proportions,where the composition is variable throughout are

A) a solution.
B) a homogeneous mixture.
C) a compound.
D) an amorphous solid.
E) a heterogeneous mixture.

Question 14

A scientific theory

A) is just a theory.
B) is a strict set of rules and procedures that lead to inarguable fact.
C) isn't used much in modern chemistry.
D) is based on continued observation and experiment.
E) is a framework for proving an argument you know to be true.

Question 15

Distillation is

A) a process in which the more volatile liquid is boiled off.
B) dissolving a solid into a liquid.
C) separating a solid from a liquid by pouring off the liquid.
D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid.
E) heating a mixture of two solids to fuse them together.

Question 16

The statement,"In a chemical reaction,matter is neither created nor destroyed" is called

A) the Law of Conservation of Mass.
B) Dalton's Atomic Theory.
C) the Scientific Method.
D) the Law of Multiple Proportions.
E) the Law of Definite Proportions.

Question 17

Identify the TRUE statement.

A) Hydrogen peroxide is used as rocket fuel and removes color from hair.
B) Hydrogen peroxide can be used as a drink and can be used to bathe in.
C) Both water and hydrogen peroxide are stable molecules.
D) Water reacts with skin.
E) Hydrogen peroxide is smaller than water.

Question 18

A substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed,definite proportion is

A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) a heterogeneous mixture.
C) a compound.
D) a solution.
E) an alloy.

Question 19

Decanting is

A) a process in which the more volatile liquid is boiled off.
B) dissolving a solid into a liquid.
C) separating a solid from a liquid by pouring off the liquid.
D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid.
E) heating a mixture of two solids to fuse them together.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about crystalline and amorphous solids is TRUE?

A) A crystalline solid is composed of atoms or molecules arranged with long-range repeating order.
B) An example of a crystalline solid is glass.
C) An example of an amorphous solid is table salt (NaCl).
D) An amorphous solid is composed of atoms or molecules with a majority of its volume empty.
E) All of the above statements are TRUE.

Question 21

All of the following are SI base units of measurement,EXCEPT

A) meter.
B) gram.
C) second.
D) kelvin.
E) mole.

Question 22

Determine the density of an object that has a mass of 149.8 g and displaces 12.1 mL of water when placed in a graduated cylinder.

A) 8.08 g/mL
B) 1.38 g/mL
C) 12.4 g/mL
D) 18.1 g/mL
E) 11.4 g/mL

Question 23

Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 20 cm
B) 15 cm
C) 15.0 cm
D) 15.00 cm
E) 15.000 cm

Question 24

What answer should be reported,with the correct number of significant figures,for the following calculation? (433.621 - 333.9)× 11.900

A) 1.19 × 10³
B) 1.187 × 10³
C) 1.1868 × 10³
D) 1.18680 × 10³
E) 1.186799 × 10³

Question 25

What answer should be reported,with the correct number of significant figures,for the following calculation? (965.43 × 3.911)+ 9413.4136

A) 13189
B) 13189.2
C) 1.32 × 10⁴
D) 1.3 × 10⁴
E) 1.319 × 10⁴

Question 26

Define potential energy.

A) energy associated with the temperature of an object
B) energy associated with the motion of an object
C) energy associated with the force of an object
D) energy associated with the gravity of an object
E) energy associated with the position or composition of an object

Question 27

A chemical change

A) occurs when methane gas is burned.
B) occurs when paper is shredded.
C) occurs when water is vaporized.
D) occurs when salt is dissolved in water.
E) occurs when powdered lemonade is stirred into water.

Question 28

Identify the type of energy that is NOT chemical energy.

A) battery
B) gasoline in a car
C) light bulb
D) ball rolling down the hill
E) food

Question 29

The outside temperature is 35°C.What is the temperature in K?

A) -238 K
B) 308 K
C) 95 K
D) 31 K
E) 63 K

Question 30

Which of the following statements about energy is FALSE?

A) Energy can be converted from one type to another.
B) The total energy of a system remains constant.
C) Kinetic energy is the energy associated with its position or composition.
D) Energy is the capacity to do work.
E) Systems tend to change in order to lower their potential energy.

Question 31

Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 20 cm
B) 15 cm
C) 15.0 cm
D) 15.00 cm
E) 15.000 cm

Question 32

Read the water level with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 5 mL
B) 5.3 mL
C) 5.32 mL
D) 5.320 mL
E) 5.3200 mL

Question 33

Read the temperature with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 87°C
B) 87.2°C
C) 87.20°C
D) 87.200°C
E) 87.2000°C

Question 34

Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bone density becomes low.Healthy bones in young adults have a bone density of 1.0 g/cm³.Identify the incorrect statement.

A) Compression of the vertebrae can be caused by osteoporosis.
B) Low density bones absorb less x-ray than high density bones.
C) A bone density of 1.5 g/cm³ is caused by osteoporosis.
D) Exercise decreases osteoporosis.
E) Patients with osteoporosis are more susceptible to fractures.

Question 35

Define kinetic energy.

A) energy associated with the temperature of an object
B) energy associated with the motion of an object
C) energy associated with the force of an object
D) energy associated with the gravity of an object
E) energy associated with the position or composition of an object

Question 36

Define thermal energy.

A) energy associated with the temperature of an object
B) energy associated with the motion of an object
C) energy associated with the force of an object
D) energy associated with the gravity of an object
E) energy associated with the position or composition of an object

Question 37

Systematic error is defined as

A) error that tends to be too high or too low.
B) error that has equal probability of being too high and too low.
C) error that averages out with repeated trials.
D) error that is random.

Question 38

Determine the volume of an object that has a mass of 455.6 g and a density of 19.3 g/cm³.

A) 87.9 mL
B) 42.4 mL
C) 18.5 mL
D) 23.6 mL
E) 31.2 mL

Question 39

What answer should be reported,with the correct number of significant figures,for the following calculation? (249.362 + 41)/ 63.498

A) 4.6
B) 4.57
C) 4.573
D) 4.5728
E) 4.57277

Question 40

Identify the exact number.

A) 2
B) 2.0
C) 2.00
D) 2.000
E) 2.0000

Question 41

Identify a state of matter.

A) melting point
B) solid
C) odor
D) volume
E) density

Question 42

Identify a liquid.

A) nitrogen
B) tin
C) potassium bromide
D) gasoline
E) sugar

Question 43

Identify the composition of diamond.

A) carbon atoms
B) boron atoms
C) nitrogen atoms
D) chlorine atoms
E) silicon atoms

Question 44

Identify the longest length.

A) 3.10 ft
B) 37.0 in
C) 1.02 yd
D) 1.00 m
E) 91.44 cm

Question 45

Choose the pure substance from the list below.

A) coffee
B) a casserole
C) water
D) salt water
E) apple juice

Question 46

Choose the pure substance from the list below.

A) lemonade
B) salt
C) air
D) wine
E) juice

Question 47

Identify a gas.

A) silver
B) mercury
C) hydrogen
D) iron
E) phosphorus

Question 48

If the walls in a room are 955 square feet in area,and a gallon of paint covers 15 square yards,how many gallons of paint are needed for the room? (3 ft = 1 yd)

A) 47 gallons
B) 21 gallons
C) 7.1 gallons
D) 24 gallons
E) 2.3 gallons

Question 49

Which of the following represents a valid hypothesis?

A) Argon does not react with oxygen.
B) Sodium metal reacts violently with water.
C) Lead is soft and malleable.
D) Nitrogen is a gas at room temperature.
E) Metals tend to lose electrons.

Question 50

Water is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.

Question 51

Give the composition of hydrogen peroxide.

A) two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms
B) one hydrogen molecule and one oxygen atom
C) two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule
D) one hydrogen atom and two oxygen molecules

Question 52

A banana split is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.

Question 53

Identify a solid.

A) gold
B) helium
C) water
D) neon
E) oxygen

Question 54

Identify the crystalline solid.

A) plastic
B) cloth
C) diamond
D) water
E) coffee

Question 55

Identify the shortest length.

A) 3.10 ft
B) 37.0 in
C) 1.02 yd
D) 1.00 m
E) 91.44 cm

Question 56

Choose the element from the list below.

A) sodium chloride
B) table salt
C) hydrogen peroxide
D) iron
E) rust

Question 57

Gas is sold for $1.399 per liter in Toronto,Canada.Your car needs 12.00 gallons.How much will your credit card be charged in Canadian dollars?

A) $16.79
B) $67.15
C) $4.44
D) $63.54

Question 58

Give the composition of water.

A) one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms
B) one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom
C) two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
D) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules

Question 59

Diamond is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.

Question 60

Household ammonia is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.

Question 61

Which of the following are examples of physical change?

A) Powdered fruit drink is dissolved in water.
B) Coffee is brewed.
C) Dry ice sublimes.
D) Ice melts.
E) All of these are examples of physical change.

Question 62

What symbol is used to represent the factor 10^-3?

A) M
B) m
C) μ
D) n

Question 63

What symbol is used to represent the factor 10^-2?

A) M
B) m
C) μ
D) c

Question 64

Which of the following represents a chemical property of hydrogen gas?

A) It is a gas at room temperature.
B) It is less dense than air.
C) It explodes with a flame.
D) It is odorless.
E) It has a low density.

Question 65

The factor 10⁶ corresponds to which prefix?

A) deka
B) deci
C) mega
D) milli

Question 66

Choose the heterogeneous mixture from the list below.

A) sports drink
B) fluorine gas
C) tea
D) lasagna
E) carbon (graphite)

Question 67

Kelvin is a measure of

A) temperature.
B) mass.
C) time.
D) length.
E) volume.

Question 68

Which of the following is an example of physical change?

A) Dew forms on a blade of grass.
B) A Halloween light stick glows after shaking.
C) browning meat
D) An oxygen balloon explodes when contacted with a flame.
E) None of the above is a physical change.

Question 69

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

A) dry ice sublimes
B) charcoal burning
C) ethanol evaporates
D) ice melting
E) All of the above are examples of chemical change.

Question 70

The factor 0.01 corresponds to which prefix?

A) deka
B) deci
C) centi
D) milli

Question 71

Which of the following represents a physical property?

A) Sodium metal is extremely reactive with chlorine gas.
B) Mercury is a silvery liquid at room temperature.
C) Iron has a tendency to "rust."
D) Butane is highly flammable.
E) Xenon has an unreactive nature.

Question 72

Identify the unit of measurement which is a SI base unit of measurement.

A) meter
B) Celsius
C) quart
D) gram
E) kilometer

Question 73

Identify the smallest measurement.

A) attometer
B) nanometer
C) centimeter
D) megameter
E) petameter

Question 74

Choose the compound from the list below.

A) silver
B) methanol
C) helium
D) tin
E) sodium

Question 75

Choose the homogeneous mixture from the list below.

A) cola float
B) wine
C) concrete
D) trail mix
E) chunky spaghetti sauce

Question 76

Which of the following is the smallest volume?

A) 11 cm³
B) 0.065 dL
C) 2.8 × 10³ mL
D) 5.0 × 10⁷ nL

Question 77

Choose the homogeneous mixture from the list below.

A) cola
B) mud
C) ice water
D) a tree
E) salsa

Question 78

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

A) coffee brewing
B) water boiling
C) leaves turning color in the fall
D) sugar dissolves in water
E) None of the above is a chemical change.

Question 79

Which multiplier does the abbreviation m represent?

A) 1 × 10³
B) 1 × 10⁶
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10^-3
E) 1 × 10^-6

Question 80

Identify the largest measurement.

A) attoL
B) microL
C) deciL
D) gigaL
E) petaL