Deck 39: Activity and Exercise

Question 1

A nurse is following the no-lift policy when working to prevent personal injury. Which type of personal back injury is the nurse most likely trying to prevent?

A) Thoracic
B) Cervical
C) Lumbar
D) Sacral

Answer 1

Lumbar

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency department with an injured shoulder. Which type of joint will the nurse assess?

A) Fibrous
B) Synovial
C) Synergistic
D) Cartilaginous

Answer 2

Synovial

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to move a patient to a wheelchair. Which action indicates the nurse is following recommendations for safe patient handling?

A) Mentally reviews the transfer steps before beginning
B) Uses own strength to transfer the patient
C) Focuses solely on body mechanics
D) Bases decisions on intuition

Answer 3

Mentally reviews the transfer steps before beginning

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a patient who has some immobility from noninflammatory joint degeneration. The nurse is teaching the patient about this process. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session?

A) This will affect synovial fluid.
B) This will affect the body systemically.
C) This involves mostly non-weight-bearing joints.
D) This involves overgrowth of bone at the articular ends.

Question 5

The nurse is evaluating care of a patient for crutches. Which finding indicates a successful outcome?

A) The top of the crutch is three to four finger widths from the armpit.
B) The elbows are slightly flexed at 30 to 35 degrees when the patient is standing.
C) The tip of the crutch is 4 to 6 inches anterior to the front of the patient's shoes.
D) The position of the handgrips allows the axilla to support the patient's body weight.

Question 6

The nurse is starting an exercise program in a local community as a health promotion project. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session?

A) A cool-down period lasts about 5 to 10 minutes.
B) The purpose of weight training is to bulk up muscles.
C) Resistance training is appropriate for warm-up and cool-down periods.
D) Aerobic exercise should be done 3 to 5 times per week for about 20 minutes.

Question 7

The nurse gives instructions to a nursing assistive personnel (NAP) regarding exercise for a patient. Which action by the NAP indicates a correct understanding of the directions?

A) Determines the patient's ability to exercise
B) Teaches the patient how to do the exercises
C) Reports the patient got dizzy after exercising
D) Advises the patient to work through the pain

Question 8

The patient is eager to begin an exercise program with a 2-mile jog. The nurse instructs the patient to warm up. The patient does not want to waste time with a "warm-up." Which information will the nurse share with the patient?

A) The warm-up in this case can be done after the 2-mile jog.
B) The warm-up prepares the body and decreases the potential for injury.
C) The warm-up allows the body to readjust gradually to baseline functioning.
D) The warm-up should be performed with high intensity to prepare for the coming challenge.

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about isotonic exercises. Which types of exercises will the nurse give as examples?

A) Swimming, jogging, and bicycling
B) Tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts
C) Quadriceps set exercises and contraction of the gluteal muscles
D) Push-ups, hip lifting, pushing feet against a footboard on the bed

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a patient who cannot bear weight but needs to be transferred from the bed to a chair. The nurse decides to use a transportable hydraulic lift. What will the nurse do?

A) Place a horseshoe-shaped base on the opposite side from the chair.
B) Remove straps before lowering the patient to the chair.
C) Hook longer straps to the bottom of the sling.
D) Attach short straps to the bottom of the sling.

Question 11

The patient weighs 450 lbs (204.5 kg) and reports shortness of breath with any exertion. The health care provider has recommended beginning an exercise program. The patient states that she can hardly get out of bed and just cannot do anything around the house. Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse add to the care plan?

A) Activity intolerance related to excessive weight
B) Impaired physical mobility related to bed rest
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired gas exchange related to shortness of breath

Question 12

A nurse is working in a facility that follows a comprehensive safe patient-handling program. Which finding will alert the nurse to intervene?

A) Mechanical lifts are in a locked closet.
B) Algorithms for patient handling are available.
C) Ergonomic assessment protocols are being followed.
D) A no-lift policy is in place with adherence by all staff.

Question 13

An adolescent tells the nurse that a health professional said the fibrous tissue that connects bone and cartilage was strained in a sporting accident. On which structure will the nurse focus an assessment?

A) Tendon
B) Ligament
C) Synergistic muscle
D) Antagonistic muscle

Question 14

The patient reports being tired and weak and lacks energy. Upon assessment, the nurse finds that patient has gained weight, and blood pressure and pulse are elevated after climbing stairs. Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse add to the care plan?

A) Fatigue
B) Ineffective coping
C) Activity intolerance
D) Decreased cardiac output

Question 15

A nurse is developing an exercise plan for a middle-aged patient. In which order will the nurse instruct the patient to execute the plan, beginning with the first step?
1) Design the fitness program.
2) Assemble equipment.
3) Assess fitness level.
4) Monitor progress.
5) Get started.

A) 5, 1, 3, 2, 4
B) 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C) 2, 5, 3, 1, 4
D) 3, 1, 2, 5, 4

Question 16

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is bedridden. The nurse raises the height of the bed. What is the rationale for the nurse's action?

A) Narrows the nurse's base of support.
B) Allows the nurse to bring feet closer together.
C) Prevents a shift in the nurse's base of support.
D) Shifts the nurse's center of gravity farther away from the base of support.

Question 17

A nurse observes a patient rising from a chair slowly by pushing on the chair arms. Which type of tension and contraction did the nurse observe?

A) Eccentric tension and isotonic contraction
B) Eccentric tension and isometric contraction
C) Concentric tension and isotonic contraction
D) Concentric tension and isometric contraction

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a patient with inner ear problems. Which goal is the priority?

A) Maintain balance.
B) Maintain proprioception.
C) Maintain muscle strength.
D) Maintain body alignment.

Question 19

A nurse notices that a patient has a structural curvature of the spine associated with vertebral rotation. Which condition will the nurse most likely find documented in the patient's medical record?

A) Scoliosis
B) Arthritis
C) Osteomalacia
D) Osteogenesis

Question 20

The patient is brought to the emergency department with possible injury to the left shoulder. Which area will the nurse assess to best determine joint mobility?

A) The patient's gait
B) The patient's range of motion
C) The patient's ethnic influences
D) The patient's fine-motor coordination

Question 21

A nurse is working in a facility that uses no-lift policies. Which benefits will the nurse observe in the facility? (Select all that apply.)

A) Reduced number of work-related injuries
B) Increased musculoskeletal accidents
C) Reduced safety of patients
D) Improved health of nurses
E) Increased indirect costs

Question 22

The nurse is teaching a patient how to sit with crutches. In which order will the nurse present the instructions starting with the first step?
1) Place both crutches in one hand.
2) Grasp arm of chair with free hand.
3) Completely lower self into chair.
4) Transfer weight to crutches and unaffected leg.

A) 4, 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 4, 2, 3
C) 1, 2, 4, 3
D) 4, 2, 1, 3

Question 23

A nurse is assessing activity tolerance of a patient. Which areas will the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)

A) Skeletal abnormalities
B) Emotional factors
C) Pregnancy status
D) Race
E) Age

Question 24

The nurse is teaching a patient how to use a cane. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session?

A) Place the cane at the top of the hip bone.
B) Place the cane on the stronger side of the body.
C) Place the cane in front of the body and then move the good leg.
D) Place the cane 10 to 15 inches in front of the body when walking.

Question 25

A 55-year-old patient is preparing to start an exercise program. The health care provider wants 60% of maximum target heart rate. Calculate the heart rate that the nurse will add to the care plan as the target heart rate. Record answer as a whole number.
_________ maximum heart rate

Question 26

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient diagnosed with activity intolerance. Which strategy will the nurse use to provide the best chance of maintaining patient compliance?

A) Performing 20 minutes of aerobic exercise 7 days a week with 10-minute warm-up and cool-down periods
B) Instructing the patient to use an exercise log to record day, time, duration, and responses to exercise activity
C) Stressing the harm of not exercising by getting the patient to take responsibility for current health status
D) Arranging for the patient to join a gym that takes self-pay rather than insurance

Question 27

The nurse is preparing to transfer an uncooperative patient who does not have upper body strength. Which piece of equipment will be best for the nurses to obtain?

A) Drawsheet
B) Full body sling
C) Overhead trapeze
D) Friction-reducing slide sheet

Question 28

A patient with diabetes mellitus is starting an exercise program. Which types of exercises will the nurse suggest?

A) Low intensity
B) Low to moderate intensity
C) Moderate to high intensity
D) High intensity

Question 29

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first?

A) A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease doing stretching exercises
B) A patient with diabetes mellitus carrying hard candy while doing exercises
C) A patient with a heart attack doing isometric exercises
D) A patient with hypertension doing Tai Chi exercises

Question 30

A nurse is preparing to move a patient who is able to assist. Which principles will the nurse consider when planning for safe patient handling? (Select all that apply.)

A) Keep the body's center of gravity high.
B) Face the direction of the movement.
C) Keep the base of support narrow.
D) Use the under-axilla technique.
E) Use proper body mechanics.
F) Use arms and legs.

Question 31

A nurse writes the following outcomes for a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to improve activity level: Diastolic blood pressure will remain below 70 mm Hg with systolic below 130 mm Hg. Resting heart rate will range between 65 and 75. The last goal is that the patient will exercise 3 times a week. Which evaluative findings indicate successful goal achievement? (Select all that apply.)

A) Resting heart rate 70
B) Blood pressure 126/64
C) Blood pressure 140/90
D) Reports doing stretching and flexibility exercises 2 times this week
E) Reports doing resistive training 1 time and aerobics 2 times this week

Question 32

A nurse is assessing a patient with activity intolerance for possible orthostatic hypotension. Which finding will help confirm orthostatic hypotension?

A) Blood pressure sitting 120/64; blood pressure 140/70 standing
B) Blood pressure sitting 126/64; blood pressure 120/58 standing
C) Blood pressure sitting 130/60; blood pressure 110/60 standing
D) Blood pressure sitting 140/60; blood pressure 130/54 standing

Question 33

A nurse is assisting the patient to perform isometric exercises. Which action will the nurse take?

A) Encourage wearing tight shoes.
B) Set the pace for the exercise session.
C) Stop the exercise if pain is experienced.
D) Force muscles or joints to go just beyond resistance.

Question 34

A patient is admitted with a stroke. The outcome of this disorder is uncertain, but the patient is unable to move the right arm and leg. The nurse starts passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises. Which finding indicates successful goal achievement?

A) Heart rate decreased.
B) Contractures developed.
C) Muscle strength improved.
D) Joint mobility maintained.