Deck 9: Understanding Interpersonal Relationships

Question 1

Predicted outcome value theory claims that people are most attracted to __________.

A)relationships that potentially have greater rewards than costs
B)relationships they believe are most likely to increase their self-concept
C)people who they predict will like them
D)relationships where intimacy is most likely

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Franco and Perry are brothers who are constantly challenging one another.When deciding what,how,or when to play,they both believe the other should defer to his judgment.What kind of relationship do they likely have?

A)complementary
B)competitive symmetrical
C)passive symmetrical
D)independent

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When relational partners mutually confirm,value,and accept each other's sense of self,they have a __________.

A)complementary relationship
B)relationship of circumstance
C)competitive symmetrical relationship
D)high level of interpersonal intimacy

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which element is most critical in the definition of an interpersonal relationship?

A)ongoing
B)shared perception
C)interdependent
D)affection

Question 5

Siobhan and Antoni have been friends for a long time,and it is clear that Siobhan likes to be in charge while Antoni prefers to be submissive.How is Siobhan and Antoni's friendship best classified in terms of power?

A)complementary
B)symmetrical
C)parallel
D)submissive symmetrical

Question 6

Which source of attraction is a component of competence?

A)bravery
B)uniqueness
C)charisma
D)kindness

Question 7

At which stage of relational escalation is physical contact and risky self-disclosure most likely to first appear?

A)acquaintance
B)exploration
C)intensification
D)intimacy

Question 8

Generally,the greater the similarity in partners' perceptions of their relationship,__________ the relationship will be.

A)the more challenging
B)the stronger
C)the less fulfilling.
D)the more problem-free

Question 9

Selina and Tori have been close friends for several years,and they both rely on one another equally to fulfill their needs.Their relationship could be classified as __________.

A)interdependent.
B)intrapersonal.
C)complementary.
D)circumstantial.

Question 10

Complementary needs refers to __________.

A)our desire to receive compliments from those to whom we are attracted
B)when each partner contributes something to the relationship that the other wants or needs
C)the attraction we have for people who live in close proximity to us
D)needs determined by the attitudes we have about our strengths and weaknesses

Question 11

Which would most likely be a relationship of circumstance?

A)your lover
B)your friend
C)your physician
D)your classmate

Question 12

According to a recent study,what trend was found for those possessing a higher level of physical attractiveness?

A)tend to have longer marriages
B)make more of an effort to maintain relationships
C)have higher divorce rates
D)less likely to look for alternate partners if dissatisfied

Question 13

Which source of attraction explains why we are more likely to form a relationship with our next-door neighbor than we are with someone living further away?

A)reciprocation of liking
B)competence
C)similarity
D)proximity

Question 14

Research suggests that a person's sex might impact his or her comfort level with __________.

A)engaging in parallel relationships
B)being other-oriented
C)forming relationships of circumstance
D)expressing affection in certain types of relationships

Question 15

Joshua and Ricardo typically play video games when they hang out;thus,they already know how they will spend their time and what they will talk about each time they make plans.Which component of interpersonal relationships does this best demonstrate?

A)affection
B)interdependency
C)relational expectations
D)intimacy

Question 16

When the decision about where to eat is in question,Jakob usually defers to Phil.On the other hand,when it comes to which movie to see,Jakob usually makes the decision.Jakob and Phil's friendship seems to generally work this way,with Jakob being the expert and in charge of some things,and Phil in others.How would this friendship best be classified in terms of power?

A)complementary
B)symmetrical
C)parallel
D)dependent

Question 17

Which would most likely be a relationship of choice?

A)your coworker
B)your classmate
C)your teammate
D)your counselor

Question 18

April considers her brother to also be her best friend,demonstrating that __________.

A)complementary relationships are most fulfilling
B)interpersonal relationships are always strongest with family
C)relationships can be both circumstantial and by choice
D)shared perception is essential in a relationship

Question 19

We tend to be attracted to people who are also attracted to us.Which source of attraction does this refer to?

A)similarity
B)reciprocation of liking
C)complementary needs
D)self-disclosure

Question 20

Which element of interpersonal attraction is most likely to be a source of long-term maintenance attraction rather than one of short-term initial attraction?

A)physical attraction
B)charisma
C)proximity
D)attitude similarity

Question 21

Frida has become bored by the constant routine in her relationship.Lately,she is more drawn to the unexpected,also known as __________.

A)predictability
B)openness
C)novelty
D)connection

Question 22

What is true regarding the progression of a relationship through relational stages?

A)Movement through the stages is always forward.
B)Change only occurs within each stage.
C)Changes in relationships happen without warning.
D)The speed of progressing through stages varies.

Question 23

Which situation best demonstrates a reflective turning point in the relationship?

A)Becca's boyfriend proposes to her at dinner.
B)Kristof catches a friend in a lie and argues with her.
C)Danilo's parents buy him a new suit for graduation.
D)Sharon thinks Terra ruined her sweater and confronts her.

Question 24

The approach that represents a model of self-disclosure that reflects both breadth and depth of shared information is __________.

A)the Johari window
B)social exchange theory
C)the relational dialectics approach
D)the social penetration model

Question 25

Shaw has many acquaintances that he sees in school and at work.He applies specific criteria to determine which acquaintances to become friends with,and additionally,which friends to become best friends with.Through which process does this occur?

A)communication privacy management
B)social exchange
C)filtering
D)social penetration

Question 26

The reciprocal nature of self-disclosure is called the __________ effect.

A)interdependent
B)dyadic
C)halo
D)primacy

Question 27

Which theory views relational development as the management of tensions that pull us in two directions at the same time?

A)social penetration theory
B)relational dialectics theory
C)cumulative rewards and costs theory
D)social exchange theory

Question 28

Rory has realized that she and Brooke seem to increasingly find fault with one another and engage in coercive conflict.Despite the increase is conflict,they still see one another just as often.Rory and Brooke are at which stage of relationship de-escalation?

A)deintensification
B)turmoil or stagnation
C)separation
D)post-separation

Question 29

Erik sees Alexandra every day in his history class,but has never talked with her.Erik likes the way Alexandra looks,including the way she dresses and how she wears her hair.He's even more attracted to her apparent intelligence and the way she speaks during class discussions.He'd like to know more about her.Erik is probably in the __________ stage of any relationship that might develop between them.

A)turmoil
B)preinteraction awareness
C)acquaintance
D)exploration

Question 30

Brett and Cedric have become closer as a couple but are struggling to maintain their sense of autonomy.To fix the issue,they decide to plan occasional weekend activities by themselves.Which strategy for coping with dialectical tensions does this demonstrate?

A)reframing
B)disorientation
C)segmentation
D)recalibration

Question 31

Which dialectical tension concerns our wish to disclose information while maintaining our privacy?

A)connectedness versus autonomy
B)predictability versus novelty
C)certainty versus uncertainty
D)openness versus closedness

Question 32

Paul and Herman are both aware of a mutual attraction between them.They talk before class each day,but mostly about how the class is going and what they think about the teacher.At which stage of relational escalation are they?

A)preinteraction awareness
B)acquaintance
C)exploration
D)intensification

Question 33

What is a characteristic of self-disclosure?

A)It regularly occurs in large increments.
B)It moves from more personal to less personal information.
C)It tends to build distrust.
D)It is usually moderated by rules and boundaries.

Question 34

Heidi and Milton seem to be leading more separate lives and spending less time as a couple these days.They limit their interactions and don't see each other as a best friend or relational partner.They also have begun to divide their property in terms of what belongs to each of them rather than what is collectively theirs.The two are most likely engaged in which stage of relational de-escalation?

A)separation
B)stagnation
C)deintensification
D)individualization

Question 35

Sade is somewhat dissatisfied with her friendship with Jocelyn,in part because Jocelyn has been depressed a lot lately and isn't as much fun to be around anymore.Sade maintains this friendship with in spite of these reservations,mostly because they have a long history of helping one another in times of need.According to social exchange theory,which best explains why Sade continues this friendship?

A)immediate rewards
B)forecasted rewards
C)cumulative rewards
D)expected rewards

Question 36

After breaking up with Laurel,Monique created a standard reply for people who ask about their breakup.While Monique no longer sees Laurel and has come to grips with its end,she feels that the relationship will always be a part of her.Monique is in which stage of relational de-escalation?

A)individualization
B)separation
C)post-separation
D)turmoil

Question 37

Bart and Marilyn have begun to further develop their own language code (idioms and inside jokes),use fewer words to communicate,and rely more on nonverbal cues including increased physical contact during conversations.At which stage of relationship escalation are they?

A)exploration
B)intensification
C)intimacy
D)active involvement

Question 38

A highly intimate,close relationship in which a large amount of self-disclosure has occurred over a wide range of topics would most likely represent __________ of disclosures.

A)a breadth but not depth
B)a depth but not breadth
C)a breadth and depth
D)neither breadth nor depth

Question 39

The perspective of the relationship changes from "we" and "us" to "you" and "me" during which stage of relational development?

A)exploration
B)turmoil or stagnation
C)individualization
D)separation

Question 40

Which theory suggests that each of us has our own boundaries and rules for sharing personal information?

A)symbolic interactionism
B)social penetration
C)communication privacy management theory
D)social exchange theory

Question 41

Name and briefly describe three of the four types of costs and rewards that are considered part of social exchange theory.

Question 42

Name and describe the stages of relational de-escalation and what occurs at each of the stages,paying particular attention to communication behaviors at each stage.

Question 43

Describe dialectical theory,and name and describe the three dialectical tensions.

Question 44

Explain what power is in a relationship and how power can impact a relationship.

Question 45

What is the difference between a relationship of circumstance and a relationship of choice? Provide an example of each.

Question 46

Name and describe the stages of relational escalation,identifying what happens during each stage,particularly the self-disclosures that occur at each stage.

Question 47

Describe each of the three types of power relationships.Explain which one you think is best in a relationship,supporting your answer with examples.

Question 48

How can the social exchange theory and relational dialectics theory be combined to predict the future of a relationship?

Question 49

List the five levels of self-disclosure described by John Powell,from the LEAST to the MOST revealing.

Question 50

How do short-term initial attraction and long-term maintenance attraction differ?