Deck 3: Introduction to Pathology

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a symptom of disease?

A) High blood pressure
B) Fever
C) Weight gain
D) Nausea

Answer 1

D
Explanation: Symptoms are subjective signals of disease that cannot be measured.

Question 2

Malaise is described as:

A) fever.
B) a feeling of general discomfort.
C) a genetic abnormality.
D) malnutrition.

Answer 2

B
Explanation: Malaise can be described as a general feeling of discomfort.

Question 3

Which category of childhood diseases is characterized by a defect being present at birth?

A) Infectious disease
B) Congenital disorder
C) Genetic disorder
D) Developmental disorder

Answer 3

B
Explanation: Congenital disorders are those present at birth.

Question 4

Which category of childhood diseases is caused by inherited genes which have been passed to children by their parents?

A) Infectious disease
B) Congenital disorder
C) Genetic disorder
D) Developmental disorder

Question 5

Which of the following is not considered a predisposing factor of disease?

A) How old you are.
B) Whether you are male or female.
C) Your symptoms of disease.
D) Your genetic makeup.

Question 6

Pathology is defined as:

A) the study of disease.
B) the study of body structures.
C) the study of how the body functions.
D) the study of pathways throughout the body.

Question 7

Which predisposing factor refers to the sex of an individual?

A) Age
B) Lifestyle
C) Environment
D) Gender

Question 8

Which statement correctly describes why children are more susceptible to infectious diseases?

A) Children inherit this susceptibility from their parents.
B) A child's immune system is not fully developed and continues to mature throughout childhood.
C) Children are not as clean as adults.
D) Children are not more susceptible to infectious diseases.

Question 9

Which statement regarding the elderly and age as predisposing factor to disease is false?

A) All organs have the ability to regenerate so they work better as one gets older.
B) Aging changes normal body function.
C) As people live longer they become more susceptible to disease.
D) General body function is reduced as people age.

Question 10

Disease is defined as:

A) the body's internal balance.
B) normally functioning organs or organ systems resulting in a homeostasis.
C) abnormally functioning organs or organ systems where the body's internal balance is maintained.
D) abnormally functioning organs or organ systems resulting in a disruption in homeostasis.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding signs and symptoms of disease?

A) Signs cannot be measured.
B) Symptoms are objective signals of disease.
C) Symptoms cannot be measured.
D) Nausea is considered a sign.

Question 12

Which predisposing factor of disease can be controlled by the individual?

A) Age
B) Lifestyle
C) Gender
D) Heredity

Question 13

Which category of childhood diseases is characterized by an event that disrupts the normal development of the child?

A) Infectious disease
B) Congenital disorder
C) Genetic disorder
D) Developmental disorder

Question 14

Which predisposing factor of disease cannot be controlled by the individual?

A) Age
B) Lifestyle
C) Environment
D) All of these predisposing factors can be controlled by the individual.

Question 15

Which statement regarding age as a predisposing factor is false?

A) Children and the elderly are more susceptible to disease due age.
B) This predisposing factor can be controlled by an individual.
C) As people live longer they become more susceptible to disease.
D) Children are more susceptible to diseases than adults because of their age.

Question 16

Which of the following can indicate a disease may be present?

A) Malaise
B) Inflammation
C) Abnormal diagnostic test results
D) All of the answer choices can indicate the presence of disease.

Question 17

Which predisposing factor refers to the genetic makeup of an individual?

A) Heredity
B) Lifestyle
C) Environment
D) Gender

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a sign of disease?

A) Fever
B) Vomiting
C) Headache
D) Nausea

Question 19

What are predisposing factors of disease?

A) Factors that affect people's health.
B) Factors under person's control such as lifestyle and environment.
C) Factors that a person cannot control such as age, gender, and heredity.
D) All of these answer choices are correct.

Question 20

Which type of disease results from an infection caused by a microorganism?

A) Infectious disease
B) Congenital disorder
C) Genetic disorder
D) Developmental disorder

Question 21

Which statement regarding inflammation is false?

A) Inflammation causes pain.
B) Inflammation causes redness.
C) Inflammation causes a cool feeling to the injured area.
D) Inflammation causes swelling.

Question 22

Which tumor originates in epithelial tissue?

A) Carcinoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Leukemia
D) Lymphoma

Question 23

What is pain?

A) The body's immune response to injury.
B) A defense mechanism used by the body to warn a person that everything is alright.
C) The increase of blood flow to an injured area.
D) Physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness.

Question 24

Which class of disease results from the inability of the body to effectively defend itself?

A) Genetic disorders
B) Cancers
C) Immune disorders
D) Mental disorders

Question 25

In what tissue would a sarcoma originate?

A) Lymphoid
B) Epithelial
C) Connective
D) Bone marrow

Question 26

Which of the following happens during inflammation?

A) Blood vessels dilate.
B) Fluid leaks out of blood vessels causing swelling.
C) Blood flow to the injured area is increased.
D) All of the answers happen during inflammation

Question 27

Which class of disease is characterized by uncontrollable cell growth?

A) Infectious diseases
B) Cancers
C) Immune disorders
D) Trauma

Question 28

What is inflammation?

A) The body's normal immune response to injury and disease.
B) The decrease of blood flow to an injured area.
C) Physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness.
D) A defense mechanism to warn the person that there is a problem.

Question 29

Which class of disease is caused by pathogens?

A) Infectious diseases
B) Cancers
C) Immune disorders
D) Trauma

Question 30

Which tumor originates in blood forming tissues in the red bone marrow?

A) Carcinoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Leukemia
D) Lymphoma

Question 31

Which tumor originates in connective tissue?

A) Carcinoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Leukemia
D) Lymphoma

Question 32

Which statement correctly describes hypersensitivity?

A) Hypersensitivity can range from mild to severe.
B) Hypersensitivity involves an overreaction of the immune system to an allergen.
C) Severe hypersensitivity may cause anaphylaxis.
D) All of these statements correctly describe hypersensitivity.

Question 33

What is the purpose of experiencing pain?

A) So the body's immune system can respond to injury.
B) To serve as a defense mechanism to warn the person that there is a problem.
C) To increase blood flow to an injured area.
D) To cause suffering or distress during injury or illness.

Question 34

In what tissue would a carcinoma originate?

A) Lymphoid
B) Epithelial
C) Connective
D) Bone marrow

Question 35

In what tissue would leukemia originate?

A) Lymphoid
B) Epithelial
C) Connective
D) Red bone marrow

Question 36

Which statement describes a malignant tumor?

A) Malignant tumors do not spread to other areas of the body.
B) Malignant tumors are not cancerous.
C) Malignant tumors spread to other areas of the body.
D) Malignant tumors do not cause tissue or organ damage.

Question 37

In what tissue would lymphoma originate?

A) Lymphoid
B) Epithelial
C) Connective
D) Bone marrow

Question 38

Which statement regarding inflammation is true?

A) Decreased blood flow causes redness and heat.
B) Increased blood flow causes vessel dilation.
C) Increased blood flow causes swelling
D) Increased fluid leaking from blood vessels cause swelling.

Question 39

Which statement describes a benign tumor?

A) Benign tumors do not spread to other areas of the body.
B) Benign tumors are cancerous.
C) Benign tumors spread to other areas of the body.
D) Benign tumors do not cause tissue or organ damage.

Question 40

What are oncogenes?

A) Genes that code for uncontrolled production of cellular growth factors.
B) Environmental factors that affect DNA.
C) Blood vessel growth.
D) Noncancerous growths.

Question 41

Which statement describes therapeutic treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.
B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.
C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.
D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Question 42

Which condition is a severe,systemic reaction that can cause tightening of the airway and other symptoms,including abdominal pain,hives,slurred speech,and wheezing?

A) AIDS
B) HIV
C) Anaphylaxis
D) Autoimmune disorder

Question 43

When can a differential diagnosis be used?

A) When all the information collected clearly points to one disease or disorder.
B) When signs, symptoms, and results of the diagnostic examination do not yield enough information to diagnose the patient with a specific disease.
C) When test results are inaccurate.
D) When diagnostic test results have not been reviewed by the physician.

Question 44

In the case of a genetic disorder,how can the genetic code be changed?

A) By a carcinogen.
B) By a mutagen.
C) By a trauma.
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 45

What is a differential diagnosis?

A) Interpretation of all the data collected to determine the cause of the problem.
B) A diagnosis used when more than one disease is responsible for the patient's condition.
C) A treatment plan.
D) A predicted outcome of how the patient will recover from the disease.

Question 46

Which immune disorder is characterized as an inability of the immune system to distinguish between its own tissues and foreign tissue or cells?

A) Autoimmune disorders
B) Hypersensitivities
C) Immunodeficiency disorders
D) Anaphylaxis

Question 47

Which treatment plan may involve physical therapy after an injury?

A) Palliative
B) Curative
C) Therapeutic
D) Preventive

Question 48

Which step in determining a diagnosis involves collecting information from the patient?

A) Obtaining a medical history.
B) Performing an examination.
C) Using diagnostic screening tools and tests.
D) Comparing test results with normal findings.

Question 49

Which statement describes curative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.
B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.
C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.
D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Question 50

What is a mutagen?

A) An agent that causes an allergic response.
B) An agent that causes cancer.
C) An agent that causes a genetic mutation.
D) An agent that causes an immunodeficiency.

Question 51

Which class of disorders includes conditions of the mind?

A) Genetic disorders
B) Cancers
C) Mental disorders
D) Trauma

Question 52

An organ transplant falls under what treatment plan?

A) Palliative
B) Curative
C) Therapeutic
D) Preventive

Question 53

Which class of disease results from abnormalities in the genetic code?

A) Genetic disorders
B) Cancers
C) Immune disorders
D) Trauma

Question 54

Which of the following can help a physician develop a diagnosis?

A) Diagnostic test results.
B) Obtaining a medical history from the patient.
C) Performing a medical exam.
D) All of these will help a physician develop a diagnosis.

Question 55

Which statement describes palliative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable.
B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.
C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.
D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Question 56

Which class of disorders is characterized by a wound or shock caused by an injury?

A) Genetic disorders
B) Cancers
C) Mental disorders
D) Trauma

Question 57

Which immune disorder involves an overreaction of the immune system to an allergen?

A) Autoimmune disorders
B) Hypersensitivities
C) Immunodeficiency disorders
D) HIV

Question 58

Which type of immune disorder causes a deficiency in the immune system's ability to defend the body?

A) Autoimmune disorders
B) Hypersensitivities
C) Immunodeficiency disorders
D) Anaphylaxis

Question 59

What type of treatment plan is used to make a terminally ill cancer patient more comfortable?

A) Palliative
B) Curative
C) Therapeutic
D) Preventive

Question 60

Which treatment plan may involve a recommendation to eat healthy and exercise regularly?

A) Palliative
B) Curative
C) Therapeutic
D) Preventive

Question 61

Which of the following does not happen during inflammation?

A) The damaged tissues produce chemicals called mediators of inflammation.
B) Blood vessels become more permeable.
C) Fluid from the blood leaks out into the surrounding damaged tissue.
D) Blood flow to the area is decreased.

Question 62

What is epidemiology?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population.
B) The rate and range of the occurrence of the disease.
C) How widespread the occurrence of the disease may be.
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 63

What is incidence of disease?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population.
B) The rate and range of the occurrence of the disease.
C) How widespread the occurrence of the disease may be.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 64

What purpose do mediators of inflammation serve?

A) They cause injured tissue to swell.
B) They cause blood vessels to dilate.
C) They cause pain at the site of the injury.
D) They cause redness at the site of the injury.

Question 65

What is prevalence of disease?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population.
B) The rate and range of the occurrence of the disease.
C) How widespread the occurrence of the disease may be.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 66

Which statement about pain is true?

A) A pain scale allows patients to rank their pain.
B) Pain can be measured.
C) Pain is an objective sign of disease.
D) Pain always disappears on its own.

Question 67

How does epidemiology affect healthcare?

A) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers prevent the spread of disease.
B) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers treat disease.
C) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers diagnose disease.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 68

A cancerous tumor found in bone would be considered what type of tumor?

A) Carcinoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Leukemia
D) Lymphoma

Question 69

A cancerous tumor found on the skin would be considered what type of tumor?

A) Carcinoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Leukemia
D) Lymphoma

Question 70

Which of the following is not a symptom of inflammation?

A) Numbness
B) Redness
C) Heat
D) Swelling

Question 71

Which statement describes preventative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.
B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.
C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.
D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Question 72

Which statement about the Spanish flu is false?

A) The Spanish flu occurred in 1819.
B) The Spanish flu claimed over 50 million lives worldwide.
C) The Spanish flu infected one-third of the world's population.
D) The Spanish flu is considered a pandemic.

Question 73

Which of the following accounts for more than 50% of all deaths in the U.S.?

A) Heart disease, cancer and stroke
B) Diabetes
C) Arthritis
D) Obesity

Question 74

Which statement correctly compares palliative and curative treatment plans?

A) Palliative and curative treatment are both used to restore normal function.
B) Palliative treatment is used to cure the patient and curative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable in the terminal stages of disease.
C) Palliative treatment is used to prevent disease and curative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable in the terminal stages of disease.
D) Palliative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable, and curative treatment is used to cure the patient

Question 75

How does the body's immune system respond to an injury that allows bacteria and pathogens to enter tissue under the skin?

A) Pain
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Inflammation
D) The body's immune system does not respond to this type of injury.

Question 76

Which of the following is responsible for causing disability for more than 19 million adults in the U.S.?

A) Heart disease, cancer and stroke
B) Diabetes
C) Arthritis
D) Obesity

Question 77

When considering developmental disorders,when does the damage to the brain that causes the disability occur?

A) Prenatally
B) Perinatally
C) Postnatally
D) Damage to the brain can occur prenatally, perinatally or postnatally.