Deck 29: Transitions to Democracy and the Collapse of Communism

Question 1

What was one factor that allowed the Gaullist government and French companies to head off the 1968 strike movement,leaving students alone in their protests?

A)They promised to investigate police brutality.
B)They promised to end French support for the American war in Vietnam.
C)They promised new elections to remove Georges Pompidou from office.
D)They promised to legalize the Communist party.
E)They promised to raise wages.

Answer 1

They promised to raise wages.

Question 2

What was the name given to the decades of violence between the Irish Republican Army and Protestant paramilitary groups beginning in 1969?

A)the troubles
B)the Irish Civil War
C)disturbing the peace
D)bloody Sundays
E)the Ulster Rebellion

Answer 2

the troubles

Question 3

What issue was central to the Helsinki Accords,signed in 1975?

A)nuclear weapons
B)German reunification
C)human rights
D)the Vietnam War
E)Finnish independence

Answer 3

human rights

Question 4

With what nation did the United Kingdom fight a short war in 1982 over the sparsely populated Falkland Islands?

A)Spain
B)Angola
C)Yugoslavia
D)Argentina
E)Brazil

Question 5

Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika introduced what reforms?

A)reduction of the Soviet nuclear arsenal
B)elimination of the KGB to allow for more open expression
C)economic reforms that included material incentives for workers
D)bans on foreign investment to make the Soviet Union more self-sustaining
E)incorporation of representatives from Warsaw Pact nations into the Soviet Union's government

Question 6

What Mediterranean island was the site of competing claims of ownership by Greece and Turkey during the last half of the twentieth century?

A)Rhodes
B)Malta
C)Cyprus
D)Sicily
E)Crete

Question 7

How did Jacques Chirac begin his presidency?

A)by ordering the execution of Mitterrand
B)by providing health care to all working class people
C)by authorizing the resumption of French nuclear testing in the South Pacific
D)by invading Great Britain
E)by postponing all upcoming elections

Question 8

In which nation did ETA,a violent separatist campaign,operate in the 1970s and 1980s?

A)Spain
B)Italy
C)West Germany
D)Ireland
E)Portugal

Question 9

What was the Polish organization of trade unions led by Lech Walesa named?

A)Polish United Workers
B)Gierek
C)Euro-Communism
D)Danzig
E)Solidarity

Question 10

What ethnic minority did Nicolae Ceauşescu target to make nationalist appeals to Romanians,razing 1,500 villages in the process?

A)Hungarians
B)Roma
C)Ukrainians
D)Turks
E)Greeks

Question 11

What country provided support for Francisco Franco's regime after the Second World War,resisting attempts to sanction Spain for its support of the Axis powers?

A)the United Kingdom
B)France
C)the Soviet Union
D)China
E)the United States

Question 12

What institutions were the centers of movements for social change in the late 1960s?

A)churches
B)union halls
C)corporate boardrooms
D)university campuses
E)parliaments

Question 13

Ronald Reagan's plan for missile defense,dubbed what,became a sticking point in arms-reduction negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union?

A)Star Trek
B)Space Force
C)Star Wars
D)Space Defense
E)Satellite Wars

Question 14

Mikhail Gorbachev introduced a policy known as glasnost,which did what?

A)provided for more open government and freer expression
B)promised to respond aggressively to a revolution in any Eastern bloc nation
C)brought back Stalin-era programs of collectivization
D)instituted new censorship measures
E)demanded greater economic contribution to the Soviet Union from the Warsaw Pact

Question 15

Which European leader feared American domination of Europe and insisted that France maintain an independent nuclear capability?

A)Willy Brandt
B)Margaret Thatcher
C)Erich Honecker
D)Charles de Gaulle
E)Francisco Franco

Question 16

How did Margaret Thatcher reorient British economic policy upon becoming prime minister?

A)She increased government subsidies for coal mining.
B)She nationalized the British rail system.
C)She cut government spending and reduced taxes.
D)She created measures focused on reducing inequality.
E)She created new health and education measures to increase employment.

Question 17

In which direction did European domestic politics shift during the 1970s?

A)from the left to the center
B)from the center to the left
C)from the center to the right
D)from the right to the center
E)from the left to the right

Question 18

What Eastern bloc capital experienced a "Spring" in 1968 as its head of state attempted to institute "socialism with a human face"?

A)Warsaw
B)Budapest
C)Berlin
D)Prague
E)Bucharest

Question 19

Which West German chancellor thawed relations with the Soviet Union and East Germany in the 1970s?

A)Helmut Kohl
B)Ludwig Erhard
C)Erich Honecker
D)Willy Brandt
E)Gerhard Schröder

Question 20

In what nation did a dictator's choice to attempt to hold its African colonies at all costs result in war with nationalist rebels in Angola and,later,Mozambique?

A)Belgium
B)Portugal
C)France
D)Spain
E)the United Kingdom

Question 21

Why was the political transformation in 1989 in Romania more violent than in other Eastern European countries?

Question 22

Bosnian Serbs massacred 8,000 men and boys in the fields outside of which town?

A)Sarajevo
B)Bijeljina
C)Prijedor
D)Tuzla
E)Srebrenica

Question 23

Which nation created the first non-communist government in Eastern Europe since 1948 with the election of Tadeusz Mazowiecki in 1989?

A)Poland
B)Hungary
C)East Germany
D)Romania
E)Czechoslovakia

Question 24

Which nation's revolution was deemed the "velvet revolution" by its leader,because it had been nonviolent?

A)East Germany
B)Czechoslovakia
C)Hungary
D)Poland
E)Romania

Question 25

Who led the movement to transition away from Soviet communism to a "Russian Federation"?

A)Yuri Andropov
B)Boris Yeltsin
C)Dmitri Medvedev
D)Mikhail Gorbachev
E)Konstantin Chernenko

Question 26

How did ethnic and nationalistic tensions turn into violent conflict in Yugoslavia in the 1990s?

Question 27

What major event happened at Chernobyl,Ukraine,in 1986?

A)the explosion of a nuclear reactor
B)arms-reduction talks between Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan
C)the declaration of an independent Ukraine
D)the first public broadcast of American television in the Soviet Union
E)the signing of a treaty officially ending the Second World War