Deck 18: Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

The riskiest sexual activity for contracting HIV is

A)receiving fellatio.
B)being the receptive partner during unprotected vaginal intercourse.
C)being the receptive partner during unprotected anal intercourse.
D)receiving cunnilingus.

Answer 1

being the receptive partner during unprotected anal intercourse.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about oral sex and the transmission of HIV is TRUE?

A)It is the riskiest of all sexual activities.
B)It has less of a risk of transmission of HIV than anal or vaginal intercourse.
C)The risk of HIV transmission through oral sex increases if the person performing it has poor oral hygiene.
D)None of these statements about oral sex and HIV transmission are true.

Answer 2

It has less of a risk of transmission of HIV than anal or vaginal intercourse.

Question 3

In the United States,the opportunistic infection most often seen in people with HIV infection is

A)Kaposi's sarcomA.
B)Pneumocystis pneumonia.
C)tuberculosis.
D)mycobacterium avium complex.

Answer 3

Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a main route of HIV transmission?

A)specific kinds of sexual contact
B)direct exposure to infected blood
C)contact between an HIV-infected woman and her fetus during pregnancy
D)contact with an HIV-infected person's eating utensils

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the asymptomatic phase of HIV infection is TRUE?

A)This period can last from 2 to 20 years.
B)During this period,the virus progressively infects and destroys cells of the immune system.
C)During this period,people can transmit the disease to others even if they are symptom free.
D)All of these statements are correct.

Question 6

Needle-sharing among drug users often leads to HIV transmission because

A)psychoactive drugs carry large amounts of the virus.
B)needles may be contaminated with blood that contains HIV.
C)drug users commonly have sex as part of the drug-sharing ritual.
D)antiviral medications are ineffective when other drugs are in the bloodstream.

Question 7

A previously rare form of cancer that has become common among men with HIV infection is

A)Kaposi's sarcomA.
B)Pneumocystis carinii.
C)cryptosporidiosis.
D)Burkitt's lymphoma.

Question 8

Signs and symptoms of HIV infection include all of the following EXCEPT

A)swollen lymph nodes.
B)weight gain.
C)fever,chills,or night sweats.
D)immobilizing fatigue.

Question 9

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A)is a member of the herpes virus family.
B)disables the immune function of CD4 T cells.
C)attacks B cells.
D)has been a source of human infection for more than 200 years.

Question 10

Worldwide,the most common route of HIV infection is

A)injecting drug use.
B)men having sex with men.
C)heterosexual contact.
D)receipt of blood transfusions.

Question 11

Which one of the following statements about the global spread of HIV/AIDS is FALSE?

A)The vast majority of infections occur in developing countries.
B)HIV disproportionately affects the poor and ethnic minorities.
C)Asia and Africa have approximately the same number of people living with HIV.
D)Political,economic,and social barriers contribute to the ongoing spread of HIV infection.

Question 12

The initial screening test for HIV antibodies is the

A)ELISA test.
B)CD4 lymphocyte count.
C)Western blot.
D)HIV-1 antigen test.

Question 13

Which one of the following statements about STIs is FALSE?

A)STIs can be prevented.
B)STIs cannot be transmitted unless an infected person has symptoms.
C)STIs are linked to infertility,stillbirths,and genital cancers.
D)STIs can cause death.

Question 14

Shortly after HIV infection,most,but not all of those infected,will develop

A)severe night sweats.
B)flulike symptoms.
C)Kaposi's sarcoma.
D)all of these.

Question 15

The test that is often used as a confirming test for HIV is the

A)ELISA test.
B)CD4 lymphocyte test.
C)Western blot.
D)HIV-1 antigen test.

Question 16

The transmission of HIV from mother to child is called

A)lateral transmission.
B)gestational transmission.
C)perinatal transmission.
D)opportunistic transmission.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the transmission of HIV is FALSE?

A)During vaginal intercourse,female-to-male transmission is more likely than male-to-female transmission.
B)The presence of blisters or sores in the genital area increases the risk of HIV transmission.
C)HIV can be transmitted from needles or blades used in acupuncture or tattooing if they are shared.
D)The risk of transfusion-related HIV transmission has decreased dramatically because of testing of the blood supply.

Question 18

Transmission of HIV occurs through which of the following?

A)using the same toilet as someone with HIV
B)sharing eating utensils with someone with HIV
C)unprotected sexual intercourse with someone with HIV
D)all of these

Question 19

Studies have found that women who frequently used _______________ for contraception were at greater risk for HIV transmission.

A)spermicides with nonoxynol-9
B)condoms
C)a cervical cap
D)a diaphragm

Question 20

In people with HIV infection,the amount of virus in the body can be measured with a(n)

A)ELISA test.
B)Western blot test.
C)rapid HIV test.
D)HIV RNA assay.

Question 21

The status of the immune system in someone with HIV infection can be monitored by checking

A)total lymphocyte counts.
B)antibody levels.
C)therapeutic drug levels.
D)CD4 T-cell counts.

Question 22

Gonorrhea is best described as a sexually transmitted infection

A)that produces a painful rash.
B)characterized by the appearance of dry,rough growths on the genital area.
C)caused by a bacterium that usually affects mucous membranes.
D)that has recurrent outbreaks of blister like sores.

Question 23

Which of the following drugs would be given to an infected person and his or her partner after chlamydia is diagnosed?

A)antifungals
B)antibiotics
C)antivirals
D)antihistamines

Question 24

Chlamydia is the most prevalent _______________ STI in the United States.

A)viral
B)bacterial
C)fungal
D)protozoal

Question 25

Infants with chlamydia infection

A)acquire the infection through contact with the bacterium in the birth canal during delivery.
B)are born with congenital deformities.
C)acquire the infection during the second trimester of pregnancy.
D)are at risk for brain damage.

Question 26

All of the following are risk factors for contracting HIV EXCEPT

A)sex with multiple partners.
B)alcohol and other drug use.
C)using a condom lubricated with nonoxynol 9 during vaginal or anal sex.
D)mutual masturbation.

Question 27

A class of antiviral drugs that blocks HIV from binding itself to the surface of CD4 cells is known as

A)reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
B)protease inhibitors.
C)entry inhibitors.
D)maturation inhibitors.

Question 28

An infection that progresses from the vagina and cervix to infect the pelvic cavity and fallopian tubes is called

A)a urinary tract infection.
B)an ascending pelvic inflammation.
C)endometriosis.
D)pelvic inflammatory disease.

Question 29

The main classes of antiviral drugs developed for HIV infection include all of the following EXCEPT

A)entry inhibitors.
B)transcriptase inhibitors.
C)integrase inhibitors.
D)protease inhibitors.

Question 30

Gonococcal conjunctivitis is an inflammation that affects the

A)urinary tract.
B)respiratory tract.
C)eyes.
D)vagina.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of chlamydia?

A)generalized rash
B)painful urination for males and females
C)discharge from the penis or vagina
D)lower abdominal pain in females

Question 32

Which of the following statements about mother-to-child transmission of HIV is TRUE?

A)More than 50 percent of infants born to untreated HIV-infected women are infected.
B)HIV is transmitted at conception if the mother is infected.
C)Infected women cannot transmit HIV through breastfeeding.
D)Treatment with antivirals during pregnancy reduces the risk of vertical transmission.

Question 33

Which one of the following statements about gonorrhea is TRUE?

A)Gonorrhea is caused by a bacterium that can survive for hours on toilet seats.
B)There is no effective treatment for gonorrhea.
C)Gonorrhea is the most prevalent viral STI.
D)Most women with gonorrhea have no symptoms.

Question 34

Drugs frequently used to treat opportunistic infections such as pneumonia and tuberculosis are

A)protease inhibitors.
B)antiviral agents.
C)antibiotics.
D)nucleoside analogs.

Question 35

Which of the following will NOT offer a high protection against HIV transmission during oral sex?

A)oral contraceptives
B)condoms
C)latex squares
D)dental dams

Question 36

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)is a common complication of

A)syphilis and herpes.
B)herpes and gonorrhea.
C)genital HPV infection and chlamydia.
D)gonorrhea and chlamydia.

Question 37

Which of the following statements about pelvic inflammatory disease is FALSE?

A)It can cause chronic pain.
B)It is the leading cause of infertility in young women.
C)It always has unmistakable early symptoms.
D)An infected woman's partners should also be treateD.

Question 38

All of the following guidelines are important when considering HIV testing,EXCEPT that the patient should

A)know his or her testing options.
B)understand the possible test results.
C)be familiar with modes of transmission.
D)wait for symptoms to appear.

Question 39

Chlamydia infection is the leading cause of _______________ in men under age 35.

A)epididymitis
B)prostatitis
C)urethritis
D)testiculitis

Question 40

Protease inhibitors

A)prevent the formation of new copies of HIV.
B)replace HIV DNA with CD4 RNA.
C)stop the production of CCR-5 cells.
D)regulate the production of new CD4 lymphocytes.

Question 41

The hepatitis B virus can be transmitted via all of the following EXCEPT

A)toilet seats.
B)toothbrushes.
C)eating utensils.
D)razor blades.

Question 42

A common sexually transmitted infection caused by a protozoan is

A)HPV infection.
B)pubic lice.
C)trichomoniasis.
D)scabies.

Question 43

Genital warts are difficult to treat effectively because

A)they grow into large clusters on most infected individuals.
B)available treatments do not eradicate the virus.
C)the incubation period is very short.
D)the bacterium that causes them is resistant to most antibiotics.

Question 44

A drug used to treat herpes is

A)podophyllin.
B)Flagyl.
C)doxycycline.
D)acyclovir.

Question 45

Which of the following is linked to the development of cervical cancer?

A)syphilis
B)trichomoniasis
C)human papillomavirus
D)pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 46

All of the following statements about syphilis in pregnant women are TRUE,EXCEPT there is increased risk of

A)babies with very high birth weight.
B)premature labor and delivery.
C)stillbirth.
D)birth defects.

Question 47

Herpes is considered a serious STI for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A)its high fatality rate.
B)its high incidence rate.
C)its serious impact on newborns.
D)the lack of a cure for the disease.

Question 48

The incubation period of HPV is ______ from the time of contact.

A)5 to 7 days
B)1 week to 2 months
C)1 month to 2 years
D)6 to 11 years

Question 49

Characteristics of primary syphilis include

A)painful lesions throughout the genital areA.
B)a lesion at the site where the organism entered the body.
C)hair loss.
D)all of these.

Question 50

Which of the following statements about secondary syphilis is FALSE?

A)Signs and symptoms appear 3-6 weeks after the first lesion appears.
B)It is characterized by a rash typically found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
C)A person is not contagious because lesions are absent.
D)This stage involves mild flulike symptoms.

Question 51

The spiral-shaped organism that causes syphilis is a

A)fungus.
B)bacterium.
C)virus.
D)protozoan.

Question 52

People who have anal sex should be vaccinated for

A)hepatitis A.
B)HPV.
C)HIV.
D)public lice.

Question 53

Dementia,cardiovascular damage,blindness,and death are possible complications of

A)primary syphilis.
B)pelvic inflammatory disease.
C)chlamydia.
D)tertiary syphilis.

Question 54

Inflammation of the liver is known as

A)hepatitis.
B)jaundice.
C)Treponema pallidum.
D)epididymitis.

Question 55

Which one of the following statements about hepatitis is FALSE?

A)Hepatitis is diagnosed using blood tests.
B)A vaccine is available for HBV.
C)Hepatitis cannot be transmitted to an unborn child.
D)Most adults with acute hepatitis B recover completely.

Question 56

A chancre is a sign of

A)PID.
B)hepatitis A.
C)syphilis.
D)HIV infection.

Question 57

Treatments for genital HPV infection (warts)include all of the following EXCEPT

A)cryosurgery.
B)electrocautery.
C)antibiotics.
D)laser surgery.

Question 58

The family of viruses that causes genital warts is

A)coronavirus.
B)norovirus.
C)human papillomavirus.
D)herpes simplex virus.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about genital herpes is TRUE?

A)After infection,the virus lies dormant in nerve cells and can reactivate at any time.
B)The virus can be transmitted to a sex partner even if no lesions are present.
C)Genital herpes is a major risk factor in the transmission of HIV worldwide.
D)All of these statements are true.

Question 60

Which of the following statements about the use of the HPV vaccine is TRUE?

A)It causes serious side effects.
B)The CDC recommends the vaccine for girls between the ages of 11 and 12.
C)It does not prevent most of the strains of HPV that cause cervical cancer.
D)It is expensive.

Question 61

In studies of men in emerging countries,circumcision has been shown to increase the risk of HIV infection.

Question 62

Full-blown AIDS is diagnosed if an HIV-positive person has a CD4 count of less than 200.

Question 63

HIV lives only within cells and body fluids,not outside the body.

Question 64

Vertical transmission of HIV refers to transmission from a mother to her child.

Question 65

The drug of choice in treating trichomoniasis is

A)Flagyl.
B)podophyllin.
C)tetracycline.
D)penicillin.

Question 66

HIV transmission cannot occur before ejaculation.

Question 67

People can become infected with HIV and pass the infection on to a sexual partner without ever having symptoms.

Question 68

All diagnosed cases of AIDS must be reported to public health authorities.

Question 69

People with AIDS are vulnerable to a number of serious and often fatal opportunistic diseases.

Question 70

HIV makes the CD4 cell incapable of performing its immune functions.

Question 71

During vaginal intercourse,male-to-female transmission of HIV is more likely to occur than female-to-male transmission.

Question 72

Typical symptoms of trichomoniasis in women include

A)lesions around the vaginA.
B)fever and chills.
C)decreased appetite,nausea,and vomiting.
D)greenish,foul-smelling vaginal discharge.

Question 73

A highly contagious parasitic STI is

A)Candida albicans.
B)pubic lice.
C)Trichomoniasis.
D)condyloma.

Question 74

A person could test negative on an HIV antibody test and still be infected with HIV.

Question 75

The most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age is

A)trichomoniasis.
B)bacterial vaginosis.
C)gonorrhea.
D)chlamydia.

Question 76

STIs are caused by a variety of different organisms.

Question 77

Which of the following has been associated with an increased risk of bacterial vaginosis?

A)horseback riding
B)vaginal trauma
C)non-cotton underwear
D)multiple sexual partners

Question 78

If left untreated,trichomoniasis can increase the risk of

A)HPV.
B)tubal pregnancy.
C)bacterial vaginosis.
D)HIV transmission.

Question 79

The most effective approach to avoiding STIs is

A)the use of condoms.
B)the use of contraceptive foams.
C)penicillin therapy.
D)abstinence.

Question 80

The vast majority of people with a primary infection of HIV know they are infected.