Deck 1: Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management

Question 1

Which is one of the nine dimensions of wellness?

A)logical wellness
B)ecological wellness
C)dietary wellness
D)spiritual wellness

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What are the three leading causes of death in the United States?

A)cancer,diabetes,and cirrhosis
B)hypertension,stroke,and heart disease
C)heart disease,cancer,and chronic lower respiratory diseases
D)diabetes,osteoporosis,and cirrhosis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which characteristic helps improve interpersonal and social wellness?

A)a network of caring people
B)a great degree of self-confidence
C)good physical health
D)an active,creative mind

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which activity best describes emotional wellness?

A)taking time to explore your thoughts and feelings
B)getting regular medical checkups
C)being open to new ideas
D)finding principles by which to live your life

Question 5

What was the approximate life expectancy in 1900?

A)50 years
B)60 years
C)70 years
D)80 years

Question 6

Which best describes spiritual wellness?

A)participation in community work
B)prevention of injuries
C)an ability to share feelings with others
D)possession of a set of guiding beliefs that give meaning to life

Question 7

What is an example of the ability to think critically?

A)emotional wellness
B)intellectual wellness
C)interpersonal and social wellness
D)spiritual wellness

Question 8

What does physical wellness encompass?

A)eating well
B)self confidence
C)compassion
D)a support network

Question 9

Which dimension of wellness includes optimism,trust,and self-confidence?

A)physical wellness
B)emotional wellness
C)spiritual wellness
D)interpersonal wellness

Question 10

Which is an indication of financial wellness?

A)having many credit cards
B)controlling your use of credit cards
C)maintaining a high debt
D)investing instead of saving

Question 11

Which of the following is a main component of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

A)the requirement that people must obtain health insurance or pay a penalty
B)the establishment of individual health promotion goals
C)the creation of nutritional guidelines
D)the founding of a federal agency to oversee health concerns

Question 12

Which of the following describes occupational wellness?

A)the ability to manage money
B)the level of fulfillment gained from one's work
C)the livability of one's surroundings
D)the quality of one's communication skills

Question 13

Which type of wellness involves the ability to live within your means and to manage your money?

A)interpersonal
B)financial
C)environmental
D)spiritual

Question 14

Which type of wellness does protecting yourself from exposure to toxic substances in the workplace demonstrate?

A)social
B)spiritual
C)intellectual
D)environmental

Question 15

What was the most serious threat to a person's health in the early 1900s?

A)coronary heart disease
B)cancer
C)infectious disease
D)stroke

Question 16

Which is a characteristic of the U.S.government's Healthy People reports?

A)failure to address physical activity and nutrition
B)updated every 2 years
C)including only broad wellness-related goals
D)seeking to achieve a better quality of life for Americans

Question 17

What are the three leading causes of death for Americans between 15 and 24 years old?

A)heart disease,stroke,and cancer
B)heart disease,cancer,and suicide
C)accidents,homicide,and suicide
D)homicide,suicide,and cancer

Question 18

Which type of condition is defined as a disease that develops and continues over a long period?

A)chronic disease
B)infectious disease
C)terminal disease
D)subclinical disease

Question 19

How has the average life expectancy changed in the past 100 years?

A)Life expectancy has decreased by 10 years.
B)Life expectancy has increased by 10 years.
C)Life expectancy has nearly doubled in length.
D)Life expectancy has nearly tripled in length.

Question 20

Which element does environmental wellness include?

A)trust
B)communication skills
C)meditation
D)waste reduction

Question 21

What can result from appropriate stress management?

A)a decreased susceptibility to diseases
B)fatigue
C)sleep disturbances
D)an inefficient immune system

Question 22

What can happen when a person has an external locus of control and believes he or she has a genetic predisposition to cancer?

A)The person can reinforce his or her motivation to take appropriate action.
B)The person can sabotage his or her efforts to take appropriate action.
C)The person can enhance his or her focus of control.
D)The person can gain a greater sense of control over his or her life.

Question 23

When choosing a target behavior to change,how can you maximize your chances of success?

A)change all negative behaviors at once
B)start with a complicated behavior first
C)start with something simple
D)start changing multiple behaviors

Question 24

Which is characteristic of the typical American diet?

A)It is too low in calories.
B)It is too high in fiber.
C)It is too low in sugar.
D)It is too high in unhealthy fats.

Question 25

Which is the last step in a behavior change program?

A)analyzing data
B)making a contract
C)monitoring behavior
D)setting goals

Question 26

Which can be the result of excessive alcohol consumption?

A)excessive sleeping
B)fewer accidental deaths
C)lower weight
D)acts of violence

Question 27

What is a good strategy for achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight?

A)short-term diets
B)colon cleansing
C)high-protein diets
D)regular exercise

Question 28

Which of the following is associated with tobacco use?

A)compromised immune systems
B)liver disease
C)a small number of deaths each year
D)the top causes of death in the United States

Question 29

What is the key to a successful behavior change program?

A)identifying multiple target behaviors
B)speed and aggressiveness
C)a plan that sets goals
D)a qualified therapist

Question 30

Which is true about the factors involved in wellness?

A)They are entirely outside of individual control.
B)The often interact with each other.
C)They are difficult to identify.
D)They are easy to change.

Question 31

According to the stages-of-change model of changing behavior,at which stage do people begin to make small changes in their behavior?

A)contemplation stage
B)preparation stage
C)maintenance stage
D)action stage

Question 32

What is one outcome of a healthy diet?

A)sufficient energy and nutrients
B)an increased risk of heart disease
C)insufficient nutrients
D)an increased risk of high blood pressure

Question 33

What is the first step in changing a health-related behavior?

A)making a personal contract
B)obtaining knowledge and information
C)identifying the target behavior
D)setting specific goals

Question 34

What is the best definition of locus of control?

A)strong motivational powers that a person has available to him or her
B)the figurative "place" considered responsible for events in a person's life
C)the friends,family,and opponents who influence a person's life
D)a reward system that is responsible for positive lifestyle changes

Question 35

Which of the following best describes a woman 25 pounds overweight who has tried a variety of diets and defends her weight by claiming all of her relatives are overweight and none has successfully lost weight?

A)lack of motivation
B)external locus of control
C)internal locus of control
D)victim of heredity

Question 36

Which identifies the precontemplation stage in the stages-of-change model?

A)awareness of the problem
B)modification of behavior
C)belief there is no need for change
D)planning for change

Question 37

What is the most effective way of dealing with disease?

A)medication
B)prevention
C)rehabilitation
D)surgery

Question 38

Which of the following most negatively affects college students' academic performance?

A)excessive computer use
B)depression
C)stress
D)social life

Question 39

How does setting realistic,specific goals help a person change unwanted behavior?

A)It forces the person to take on the harder steps first.
B)It reduces the number of rewards the person can receive.
C)It makes the ultimate goal seem more manageable.
D)It takes the focus off the person's ultimate goal.

Question 40

What is the best definition for self-efficacy?

A)the figurative "place" that is responsible for events in a person's life
B)a person's belief that she or he can take action and perform a specific task
C)events that occur but are unrelated to behavior change
D)events that occur but are beyond an individual's control

Question 41

Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA),if you don't have health insurance you must pay a federal penalty.

Question 42

Which strategy can aid in behavior change?

A)having social support
B)implementing a test plan
C)reacting to challenges
D)withholding rewards

Question 43

What may occur when there is a stress barrier to a behavior change plan?

A)It will remain throughout the changing process.
B)It will help motivate you to do your best.
C)It should be ignored.
D)It may require you to make stress management a higher priority.

Question 44

Which is an example of blaming?

A)I'll start my walking program when I get some sunscreen.
B)My workout partner did not call me to go to the fitness center.
C)I'll begin my exercise program when next semester starts.
D)I did not have time to dry my hair before work,so I'll walk tomorrow.

Question 45

In 1900,a person was most likely to die of chronic diseases.

Question 46

Which is true of the techniques and level of effort required by a behavior change program?

A)They should never change.
B)They should always be easy.
C)They may need to be evaluated.
D)They may not help achieve a goal.

Question 47

Which is an example of procrastination?

A)I wanted to exercise today,but my favorite workout clothes were dirty.
B)I better wait until after the semester break to start my program.
C)I didn't exercise because my workout partner never called me.
D)I hate to have other people see me exercising.

Question 48

Self-confidence is one characteristic of a person who possesses good emotional health.

Question 49

The wellness concept defines health as the absence of disease.

Question 50

A goal of the Healthy People initiative is to eliminate health disparities among Americans.

Question 51

Prevention is the most effective way of dealing with chronic disease.

Question 52

What is one way to ensure that a behavior change program continues?

A)Avoid anticipating potential problems.
B)Change the parts of the plan that are problems.
C)Ignore the reactions of your friends.
D)Try to get a friend to change his or her behavior,too.

Question 53

Which is an example of an appropriate reward for achieving a behavior change goal?

A)eating a favorite food
B)drinking alcohol
C)seeing a movie
D)going out to dinner with friends

Question 54

What does a personal contract for behavior change include?

A)an objective that gives details of a person's plan for behavior change
B)a record of the circumstances surrounding a person's target behavior
C)a prioritization of the behaviors that a person is considering changing
D)an assessment of a person's motivation for changing a health behavior

Question 55

Which is an example of modifying your environment to support change?

A)asking a roommate to swim with you three times a week
B)buying a new CD after completing two weeks of a behavior change program
C)studying in the library instead of near the student union snack bar
D)posting your exercise log in a prominent place

Question 56

In a behavior change program,what might create a trap that is related to social influences?

A)enlisting the aid of friends in your pursuit
B)selecting behaviors to target
C)trying to get friends or family to change their behavior
D)breaking your steps into smaller tasks

Question 57

What preparatory step may be necessary when devising a strategy or plan of action?

A)purchasing walking shoes for a fitness class
B)selecting a behavior to change
C)rewarding yourself with a movie
D)determining which events trigger the behavior

Question 58

Approximately 75% of all Americans exercise regularly.

Question 59

Most health problems occur at the same rate for men and for women.

Question 60

Which is an example of rationalization?

A)I'll start an exercise program just as soon as the semester is over.
B)Next year is when I'll start to exercise.
C)I couldn't exercise today because I had to visit a friend.
D)I don't exercise,because I don't like it.

Question 61

People in the contemplation stage of change plan to take action within a month.

Question 62

Define the nine dimensions of wellness.List two behaviors or habits that would promote the development of each.

Question 63

Identify and describe the national health objectives of Healthy People 2020.Give at least two examples of specific objectives.

Question 64

Regular exercise is a crucial factor in preventing chronic disease.

Question 65

Women are at a greater risk for depression than are men.

Question 66

List at least five benefits of physical activity,and describe how they contribute to wellness.

Question 67

Describe the differences between the major health problems and the leading causes of death in 1900 and in 2000.List two public health developments that contributed to the shift in the leading causes of death during the twentieth century.

Question 68

Food rewards are highly recommended for successful behavior change.

Question 69

For each of the following scenarios,describe a stage of change that is represented and provide two appropriate strategies to help the person move forward in the cycle of change.
1)José wants to get back into shape,but he can't figure out how to fit activity into his day and doesn't know what to do next about his desire to change.
2)Jalyse has tried unsuccessfully to quit smoking in the past and now assumes that she won't ever be able to quit.
3)Will has decided to improve his diet,beginning in two weeks;he has already started to change by eating cereal for breakfast at home one day per week rather than picking up his usual fast-food breakfast on the way to his first class.

Question 70

What is the leading cause of preventable death? What does the term preventable death mean?

Question 71

An external locus of control reinforces motivation and commitment during a behavior change program.

Question 72

List the five major steps in a behavior change plan of action.Select a target behavior,and briefly describe how you would apply the steps to that behavior.

Question 73

Breaking a plan into smaller steps that a person can accomplish one day at a time may reduce procrastination.

Question 74

Discuss the role that lifestyle choices play in determining quality of life.Give at least three examples of healthy lifestyle choices,and explain how they promote quality of life and overall wellness.