Deck 30: Blood Therapy

Question 1

An appropriate technique for the nurse to implement for a blood transfusion is to:

A)provide medication through the intravenous (IV)tubing with the blood.
B)regulate the flow of blood so that it infuses over 8 hours.
C)clear the IV tubing with normal saline after the blood infuses.
D)administer a blood product with clots through a filter line.

Answer 1

clear the IV tubing with normal saline after the blood infuses.

Question 2

The patient is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident and has lost a large volume of blood.The patient's blood type is AB.Which blood type may this patient safely receive in transfusion?

A)Only type AB blood
B)Only type O blood
C)All blood types
D)Only type A blood

Answer 2

All blood types

Question 3

The nurse is administering 1 unit of packed red blood cells as ordered by the primary care provider.While the nurse is measuring vital signs 15 minutes after starting the transfusion,the patient complains of chills and back pain.What is the nurse's first action?

A)Stop the blood transfusion and keep the vein patent by administering saline to infuse from the other side of the Y tubing.
B)Slow the blood transfusion and notify the charge nurse.
C)Disconnect the blood tubing from the catheter and replace it with an infusion of normal saline.
D)Stop the blood transfusion and notify the primary care provider.

Answer 3

Disconnect the blood tubing from the catheter and replace it with an infusion of normal saline.

Question 4

What is the purpose of administering a transfusion? (Select all that apply. )

A)Restore intravascular volume.
B)Restore the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
C)Provide clotting factors.
D)Improve blood pressure.

Question 5

The nurse is administering blood.What should the nurse do to detect a blood reaction as quickly as possible?

A)Remain with the patient during the first 15 minutes.
B)Transfuse the blood at 10 mL/min.
C)Monitor vital signs q 1 hour.
D)Transfuse blood at 50 gtt/min.

Question 6

The patient is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion.Preadministration laboratory tests are run to assess the level of which component in the patient's blood?

A)Sodium (Na)
B)Calcium (Ca)
C)Potassium (K)
D)Iron (Fe)

Question 7

What primary intervention should a nurse who is preparing a blood transfusion perform?

A)Set up the Y tubing.
B)Obtain 0.9% saline.
C)Verify the blood product and the patient.
D)Have the patient void or empty the urine drainage container.

Question 8

The nurse is preparing to administer a unit of blood to a patient using blood tubing.On the blood product side of the Y tubing,the nurse will hang blood.What will be hung on the other side of the Y tubing?

A)Dextrose 5%
B)Normal saline
C)Dextrose 10%
D)Dextrose 5%/normal saline

Question 9

For how long may blood preserved with citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)be stored (unfrozen)before use?

A)21 days
B)35 days
C)42 days
D)3 months

Question 10

When a patient's adverse reaction to a blood transfusion is differentiated,which of the following signs/symptoms indicates the presence of an anaphylactic response?

A)Wheezing and chest pain
B)Headache and muscle pain
C)Hypotension and tingling of the extremities
D)Crackles in the lungs and increased central venous pressure

Question 11

The patient has received a total of 7 units of blood over the past 8 hours.The nurse assesses the patient's laboratory test results.Which of the following would be an expected complication?

A)Hypokalemia
B)Hyperkalemia
C)Hypercalcemia
D)Iron deficiency

Question 12

A nurse is concerned about the type of blood that a patient is to receive.A patient with an O blood type may safely receive which type of blood?

A)Type A blood
B)Type B blood
C)Type AB blood
D)Type O blood

Question 13

The patient is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs).Fifteen minutes into the procedure,he complains of severe kidney pain,and his temperature increases by 3°F.The nurse stops the transfusion immediately,suspecting that which of the following reactions is occurring?

A)Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
B)Nonhemolytic febrile reaction
C)Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
D)Severe allergic reaction

Question 14

The specific blood product used for replacement of clotting factors and fibrinogen is:

A)whole blood.
B)packed RBCs.
C)cryoprecipitate.
D)albumin,25% pooled.

Question 15

The patient is to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).The units are cold,and the nurse is concerned that this could lead to dysrhythmias and/or a reduction in core temperature.What action may the nurse take to prevent this?

A)Warm the blood in a microwave.
B)Warm the blood using hot water.
C)Warm the blood using a blood warmer.
D)Allow the blood to warm to room temperature before administering.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a patient who needs a blood transfusion.The patient has been tested and was found to have blood type O.The nurse knows this means that which antigen is present on the surface of the red blood cells?

A)The type A antigen is present.
B)The type B antigen is present.
C)Neither type A nor type B antigens are present.
D)Both type A and type B antigens are present.

Question 17

The patient is to receive 1 unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs).The nurse obtains the blood from the blood bank and returns to the unit to find that the patient has been taken to radiology for a computed tomography (CT)scan and is expected to return in about an hour.What should the nurse do?

A)Go to radiology and administer the blood.
B)Keep the blood refrigerated until the patient returns.
C)Return the blood to the blood bank.
D)Hang the blood in the patient's room and start it when the patient returns.

Question 18

The patient is scheduled to receive 1 unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs).She has small,fragile veins,and a 22-gauge intravenous (IV)patent catheter is in place.What should the nurse do?

A)Cancel the blood transfusion.
B)Insert a 16-gauge IV catheter into the antecubital fossa.
C)Use the IV catheter that is in place.
D)Transfuse the blood over 6 hours.

Question 19

Transfusion therapy is the intravenous (IV)administration of which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)Whole blood
B)Plasma products
C)Red blood cells (RBCs)
D)Platelets

Question 20

The patient has been home from the hospital for 10 days.On the last day of his hospitalization,he received 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).This morning,he noticed that his skin had a yellow tint to it and his temperature was elevated.Which reaction might this patient be experiencing?

A)Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
B)Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
C)Nonhemolytic febrile reaction
D)Severe allergic transfusion reaction

Question 21

The patient is to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).Before administering the blood,what does the nurse need to do? (Select all that apply. )

A)Insert an 18-gauge intravenous (IV)cannula.
B)Have the patient complete a consent form.
C)Obtain pretransfusion vital signs.
D)Notify the physician for a temperature of 37°C.

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving blood while monitoring the patient for potential complications.The nurse knows that a systemic response to administration of a blood product that is incompatible with the blood of the recipient,contains allergens to which the recipient is sensitive or allergic,or is contaminated with pathogens is known as a _________.

Question 23

The patient is receiving blood when he suddenly complains of low back pain and develops diaphoresis and chills.The nurse should: (Select all that apply. )

A)stop the transfusion.
B)start normal saline connected to the Y tubing.
C)notify the physician.
D)start normal saline using new intravenous (IV)tubing.

Question 24

Antibodies that react against the A and B antigens are naturally present in the plasma of people whose red blood cells do not carry the antigen.These antibodies react against the foreign antigens.Incompatible red blood cells clump together or _____________,which results in a life-threatening hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Question 25

Under the ABO system,the blood type __________ can be given to any individual and is known as the "Universal Donor."

Question 26

The patient has received blood within the past 6 hours.The patient begins to feel short of breath and calls for the nurse.The nurse finds that the patient is dusky in color with crackles throughout his lungs and is coughing up pink frothy sputum.The nurse calls the physician immediately,knowing that the patient is showing signs of _________________.

Question 27

The presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells determines ___________________ in the ABO system.

Question 28

Symptoms that indicate an adverse reaction to blood products include which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)Fever
B)Skin rash
C)Hypotension
D)Cardiac arrest

Question 29

A transfusion in which the donor is the patient is known as an ______________ transfusion or autotransfusion.