Deck 17: European and American Art, 1715-1840

Question 1

The artistic movement rooted in themes of moral incorruptibility,patriotism,and courage and stylistic sources from ancient Greek and Roman art is called __________.

A)Romanticism
B)Neoclassicism
C)Grand Manner painting
D)Rococo

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following artistic styles developed as a reaction to the formality and rigidity of seventeenth-century court life?

A)Neoclassicism
B)Romanticism
C)Rococo
D)Grand Manner

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In Joseph Wright's An Experiment on a Bird in the Air-Pump,the moon symbolizes __________.

A)the bird's fate
B)the patron's last name
C)the Lunar Society
D)the god Cupid

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The work of which artist prompted the French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture to create the category of fête galante?

A)Jean-Antoine Watteau
B)Jean-Honoré Fragonard
C)Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun
D)Eugène Delacroix

Question 5

In Thomas Gainsborough's Robert Andrews and Frances Carter,the elegant poses and countryside setting recall the artwork of __________.

A)Angelica Kauffmann
B)Jean-Antoine Watteau
C)John Constable
D)Caspar David Friedrich

Question 6

Queen Marie Antoinette's favorite painter was __________.

A)Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun
B)Thomas Gainsborough
C)Angelica Kauffmann
D)Adélaïde Labille-Guiard

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Rococo style?

A)moralizing narratives
B)dramatic contrasts of light and dark
C)heroic nudity
D)delicately curving forms

Question 8

Why did William Hogarth reproduce his paintings as prints?

A)to target corrupt politicians
B)to circulate portraits of the elite
C)to elevate his social status
D)to reach a broader audience

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a fête galante painting?

A)Thomas Cole's The Oxbow
B)Théodore Géricault's The Raft of the "Medusa"
C)Jean-Antoine Watteau's The Pilgrimage to Cythera
D)William Hogarth's The Marriage Contract

Question 10

Who successful petitioned the French Academy to increase the number of places available to women?

A)Adélaïde Labille-Guiard
B)Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun
C)Honoré Daumier
D)Angelica Kauffmann

Question 11

British eighteenth-century patrons favored which of the following themes?

A)moralizing scenes
B)historical subjects
C)Classical mythology
D)outdoor entertainment

Question 12

Which of the following aspects of Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun's Portrait of Marie Antoinette with Her Children represents the French reaction against Rococo during the 1760s?

A)the pastel colors
B)the queen's conventional feminine charms
C)the curving,delicate forms
D)the restrained style

Question 13

Who was the Enlightenment philosopher that believed men and women should conform to the roles assigned to them by nature,with women tending to the home and raising children,and men practicing learned professions,governing the state,and taking other active roles in public life?

A)Horace Walpole
B)Joseph Bonaparte
C)Jean-Jacques Rousseau
D)Juan Diego

Question 14

The Salon de la Princesse is known for its __________.

A)Neoclassical sculpture
B)Neoclassical paintings
C)Romantic landscape paintings
D)Rococo ornamentation

Question 15

The archaeological discovery of the ancient city of Pompeii stimulated the development of __________.

A)Neoclassicism
B)Romanticism
C)Rococo
D)Grand Manner painting

Question 16

How does Jean-Antoine Watteau's The Pilgrimage to Cythera demonstrate the characteristics of the Rococo style?

A)It is a history painting whose subject is drawn from mythology.
B)It depicts a dream-like world filled with beautiful couples and putti.
C)It represents the dominance of Classical drawing over painterly effects.
D)Its erotic subject matter is enhanced by dramatic contrasts of light and dark.

Question 17

Which of the following artworks exemplifies the characteristics of Neoclassicism?

A)Thomas Cole's The Oxbow
B)Francisco Goya's Third of May
C)Jean-Antoine Watteau's The Pilgrimage to Cythera
D)Antonio Canova's Cupid and Psyche

Question 18

What was the function of a salon in a French residence?

A)It was a room for conversation and entertainment.
B)It was a library for private study and contemplation.
C)It was a private room for conducting business.
D)It was a studio for wealthy and successful artists.

Question 19

Marie-Louise-Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun's Portrait of Marie Antoinette with Her Children promotes the Enlightenment ideal of the "good mother" to __________.

A)illustrate the court's interest in Rococo fête galante
B)merge the genres of portraiture and history painting
C)create a painting that conforms to Neoclassicism
D)counter the queen's immoral and conniving reputation

Question 20

How is William Hogarth's The Marriage Contract different from Jean-Honoré Fragonard's The Swing?

A)It is a history painting that exemplifies the conventions of the Academic Salons.
B)Its moralizing narrative corresponds to Enlightenment values.
C)Its lighthearted figures and pastel colors exemplify the Rococo style.
D)Its idealized figures and ordered composition embody the Neoclassical style.

Question 21

Which of the following artworks corresponds to the idea that landscape could be a vehicle through which to achieve spiritual revelation?

A)Jean-Antoine Watteau's The Pilgrimage to Cythera
B)Thomas Cole's The Oxbow
C)David Friedrich's Abbey in an Oak Forest
D)Théodore Géricault's The Raft of the "Medusa"

Question 22

Joseph Mallord William Turner's Snowstorm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps evokes __________.

A)the sublime
B)tranquility
C)rational order
D)erotic desires

Question 23

Which of the following statements best describes John Henry Fuseli's artworks,including The Nightmare?

A)He portrayed humanity as rational and good.
B)He glorified the irrational side of human nature.
C)He selected themes that corresponded to Enlightenment values.
D)He valued the dominance of drawing over painterly effects.

Question 24

Romantic landscape painting developed in response to __________.

A)the American War of Independence
B)the decline of Enlightenment values
C)the French Revolution
D)industrialization and urbanization

Question 25

Honoré Daumier created biting caricatures and social commentary using the medium of __________.

A)etching
B)lithography
C)sculpture
D)fresco

Question 26

Thomas Jefferson's design for his home at Monticello was influenced by __________.

A)houses on the rue Transnonian
B)Rococo salons
C)British palaces
D)Palladian villas in Italy

Question 27

Which of the following styles was particularly influenced by literary fantasies infused with a spirit of sensationalism and melancholy?

A)Romanticism
B)Rococo
C)Grand Manner painting
D)Neoclassicism

Question 28

Which of the following artists is known for his severe Classical paintings that extol the antique virtues of stoicism,courage,masculinity,and patriotism?

A)Thomas Gainsborough
B)Jacques-Louis David
C)Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
D)Théodore Géricault

Question 29

Who hung a copy of John Henry Fuseli's The Nightmare in his office?

A)Napoleon Bonaparte
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Thomas Jefferson
D)Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 30

Jacques-Louis David's Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard exemplifies the Neoclassical style in its __________.

A)loose,fluid brushwork
B)emphasis on color over line
C)crisp delineation of individual forms
D)sweeping diagonals and flowing draperies

Question 31

John Constable's The White Horse depicts __________.

A)the sublime turbulence of nature
B)a cool and mysterious landscape
C)a scene of rural tranquility
D)the idyllic world of a fête galante

Question 32

David's Oath of the Horatii became an emblem of __________.

A)the French Revolution
B)the Federal period
C)Enlightenment ideals
D)the American War of Independence

Question 33

Who launched the Hudson River School?

A)John Constable
B)Thomas Cole
C)William Hogarth
D)Joseph Wright

Question 34

Who succeeded Théodore Géricault as the leader of the Romantic movement?

A)Eugène Delacroix
B)Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
C)Adélaïde Labille-Guiard
D)Jacques-Louis David

Question 35

Which of the following statements best describes the theme of many of Francisco Goya's artworks,including Third of May?

A)Humanity is rational and good.
B)Civic sacrifice and patriotism are important values.
C)Humanity is violent,greedy,and foolish.
D)Nature evokes the transcendent power of God.