Deck 17: Domestic Policy Domestic Policy

Question 1

 In 2015,about __________ Americans received Social Security benefits. 

A) 25 million 
B) 20 million 
C) 60 million 
D) 55 million 
E) 50 million

Answer 1

D

Question 2

 A means tested social program is limited to people of certain 

A) social statuses. 
B) education levels. 
C) income levels. 
D) age groups. 
E) states.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

 Welfare policies in which a relatively few number of people benefit but almost everyone pays are characterized by 

A) majoritarian politics. 
B) minoritarian politics. 
C) client politics. 
D) concurrency politics. 
E) neo-institutional politics.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

 Which of the following accurately reflects public opinion on Obamacare? 

A) In 2009, people packed town halls to protest its enactment, and in 2017, people packed town halls to protest its repeal. 
B) In 2009, people overwhelmingly favored its enactment, but by 2017, nearly everyone called for its repeal 
C) In 2009, people overwhelmingly favored its enactment, and in 2017, people packed town halls to protest its repeal. 
D) In 2009, people packed town halls to protest its enactment, and in 2017, people cheered for its repeal. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 5

 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 did all of the following EXCEPT 

A) dramatically reduce the rate of uninsured people. 
B) increase health insurance premiums. 
C) require Americans to have health care or pay a penalty. 
D) provide health care for all who are under 65 and cannot afford it. 
E) remove bans on denying insurance because of preexisting conditions.

Question 6

 The Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)program was created to help support the children of women 

A) whose husbands had died laboring in factories. 
B) whose husbands were disabled from mining accidents. 
C) whose husbands had perished in disasters. 
D) born out of wedlock. 
E) injured by automobile accidents.

Question 7

 Roughly __________ of Republicans support doing "whatever it takes to support the environment." 

A) a tenth 
B) a quarter 
C) a third 
D) half 
E) three quarters

Question 8

 Of the following,which is NOT a means tested program? 

A) Medicare 
B) Supplemental Security Income 
C) Food Stamps 
D) Medicaid 
E) Earned Income Tax Credit

Question 9

 Medicare became a cornerstone of Lyndon Johnson's __________. 

A) Square Deal 
B) New Deal 
C) Fair Deal 
D) Great Society 
E) New Frontier

Question 10

 Welfare policies in which nearly everyone benefits and nearly everyone pays are characterized by 

A) neo-institutional politics. 
B) minoritarian politics. 
C) client politics. 
D) concurrency politics. 
E) majoritarian politics.

Question 11

 The two main federal bureaucracies responsible for social welfare policies and programs are 

A) the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. 
B) the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and the U.S. Department of Education. 
C) the U.S. Department of Social Security and the U.S. Department of Health Programs. 
D) the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Department of Pensions. 
E) the U.S. Department of the Interior and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Question 12

 The three primary domestic policy domains are 

A) social welfare, states' rights, and personal liberties. 
B) personal liberties, health care, and states' rights. 
C) social welfare, business regulation, and environmental protection. 
D) business regulation, health care, and environmental protection. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 13

 In this landmark case,the Supreme Court ruled that Congress has broad discretion to tax and spend "in the aid of the 'general welfare.'" 

A) United States v. Butler 
B) Helvering v. Davis 
C) South Dakota v. Dole 
D) Baker v. Carr 
E) Marbury v. Madison

Question 14

 __________ politics means only a few people,communities,or organizations benefit and a few communities or organizations pay. 

A) Majoritarian 
B) Client 
C) Interest-group 
D) Entrepreneurial 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 15

 Which program is popularly called Social Security? 

A) Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) 
B) Medicare 
C) Unemployment Insurance 
D) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families 
E) Supplemental Security Insurance

Question 16

 The Constitution calls for the government to "promote the general Welfare" and "provide for the…general Welfare" in what two sections of the document? 

A) Article I, Section 8 and Article II, Section 1 
B) The Preamble and Article I, Section 8 
C) Article I, Section 2 and Article III, Section 1 
D) The Preamble and Article IV, Section 1 
E) The Preamble and Article IV, Section 1 
F) None of these are correct.

Question 17

 A(n)__________ program is a self-financing government program based on contributions that provide benefits to unemployed or retired persons. 

A) noncontributory 
B) assistance 
C) insurance 
D) social security 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 18

 One notable difference between the passage of Medicare (1965)and that of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010)was 

A) the lack of bipartisan support for the 2010 Act. 
B) the lack of bipartisan support for the 1965 Act. 
C) the lack of media coverage given to the 2010 Act. 
D) the lack of media coverage given to the 1965 Act. 
E) the lack of support by Democrats for the 2010 Act.

Question 19

 The passage of the Medicare bill was made possible by 

A) a marked shift in public opinion. 
B) the strong support of the American Medical Association (AMA). 
C) the watering down of the bill to remove the more controversial provisions. 
D) a Democratic landslide in the 1964 elections. 
E) a shift in voting patterns on the United States Supreme Court.

Question 20

 The Social Security Act became law in __________. 

A) 1930 
B) 1933 
C) 1935 
D) 1945 
E) 1951

Question 21

 The nature and degree of federal antitrust enforcement efforts are determined primarily by 

A) interest-group pressures. 
B) the political ideology and personal convictions of the administration in power. 
C) public sentiment. 
D) the ideological composition of the Supreme Court. 
E) the health of the economy.

Question 22

 The text argues that agriculture subsidies are an example of 

A) majoritarian politics. 
B) client politics. 
C) interest-group politics. 
D) entrepreneurial politics. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 23

 American antitrust policy is 

A) nonexistent. 
B) harsh on paper but toothless in practice. 
C) weaker than that of most industrial nations. 
D) comparable to that of most industrial nations. 
E) the strongest such policy found in any industrial nation.

Question 24

 Which of the following involves the government's paying part of the cost of hospital care for retired or disabled persons on Social Security? 

A) Medicaid 
B) Supplemental Security Income 
C) Medicare 
D) Earned Income Tax Credit 
E) Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

Question 25

 Regulatory agencies tend to be more powerful when the laws they enforce are 

A) worded clearly. 
B) worded vaguely. 
C) relatively new. 
D) relatively old. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 26

 The Sherman Act of 1890 is an example of 

A) social welfare legislation. 
B) antitrust legislation. 
C) spending on military matters. 
D) moral legislation. 
E) entrepreneurial politics.

Question 27

 The Taft-Hartley Act 

A) made illegal the union practice of a closed shop. 
B) made illegal the union practice of a secondary boycott. 
C) authorized the president to obtain a court order blocking for up to eighty days any strike that imperiled the "national health or safety." 
D) favored management over labor. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 28

 Consumer and environmental protection laws are considered 

A) majoritarian politics. 
B) client politics. 
C) interest-group politics. 
D) entrepreneurial politics. 
E) minoritarian politics.

Question 29

 This body adjudicates disputes between labor and management over the interpretation of labor laws. 

A) The National Labor Relations Board 
B) The Occupational Safety and Health Administration 
C) The Union-Management Board 
D) The Civil Service Commission 
E) The Interstate Commerce Commission

Question 30

 Much of the antitrust legislation passed in this country has been the result of 

A) majoritarian politics. 
B) client politics. 
C) interest-group politics. 
D) entrepreneurial politics. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 31

 This author's book,The Jungle,dramatized the frightful conditions in meat-packing plants in the early 1900s and helped pave the way for the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. 

A) Huey Long 
B) Upton Sinclair 
C) Charles Dickens 
D) Mark Twain 
E) Sinclair Lewis

Question 32

 Which of the following involves a cash subsidy to poor working families? 

A) Medicaid 
B) Supplemental Security Income 
C) Medicare 
D) Earned Income Tax Credit 
E) Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance

Question 33

 Medicaid differs from Medicare in that it provides 

A) medical assistance to the aged. 
B) medical assistance to the general public. 
C) medical assistance to the poor. 
D) catastrophic medical coverage. 
E) catastrophic medical coverage to veterans.

Question 34

 From 1923 to 1933,__________ states enacted some form of an old-age pension. 

A) zero 
B) a handful of 
C) a slight majority of 
D) an overwhelming majority of 
E) all of the 

Question 35

 Groups that aren't considered worthy of government benefits increasingly get around this problem by 

A) campaigning to change the opinion of Washington insiders. 
B) campaigning to change public opinion. 
C) using subsidies rather than regulations. 
D) using regulations rather than subsidies. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 36

 There is often a lack of strong political opposition to agricultural subsidies because  

A) everybody agrees that the subsidies are needed. 
B) the subsidies affect only a few people. 
C) consumers don't notice the added cost on individual goods. 
D) the overall cost of the subsidies to the federal government is negligible. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 37

 Of the following,who advocated for consumer and environmental protections? 

A) Ralph Nader 
B) Dr. Harvey Wiley 
C) Senator Estes Kefauver 
D) Senator Edmund Muskie 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 38

 On the subject of social welfare,a key difference between Americans and citizens of many European democracies is that Americans are more worried about 

A) whether beneficiaries of government aid "deserve" it. 
B) whether everybody gets their "fair share" of the national income. 
C) whether social welfare programs will be financially solvent in the long term. 
D) whether laws that mandate social welfare are constitutional. 
E) the degree to which social assistance is carried out efficiently.

Question 39

 Which of the following nations was the first to create a nationwide social security program? 

A) The United States 
B) Great Britain 
C) Sweden 
D) Norway 
E) Germany

Question 40

 Much of the nation's laws governing labor and occupational health and safety can be considered 

A) majoritarian politics. 
B) client politics. 
C) interest-group politics. 
D) entrepreneurial politics. 
E) None of these choices is true.

Question 41

 Studies have shown that 

A) Democrats are generally smarter than Republicans are. 
B) Republicans are generally smarter than Democrats are. 
C) Republicans have more scientific knowledge than Democrats do. 
D) Democrats have more scientific knowledge than Republicans do. 
E) there are no major differences in scientific knowledge between Democrats and Republicans.

Question 42

 Today,there are more than __________ species on the endangered species list. 

A) one hundred 
B) three hundred 
C) six hundred 
D) two thousand 
E) thirteen thousand

Question 43

 The type of politics best illustrated by the acid rain controversy is 

A) entrepreneurial politics. 
B) majoritarian politics. 
C) interest-group politics. 
D) client politics. 
E) reciprocal politics.

Question 44

 Compared with European countries,environmental policymaking in the United States tends to be 

A) less regional. 
B) more centralized. 
C) more adversarial. 
D) less client centered. 
E) more uniform.

Question 45

 The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is primarily implemented by 

A) the Environmental Protection Agency and Fish and Wildlife Services. 
B) the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
C) the Office of Endangered Animals and the Environmental Protection Agency. 
D) the Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency. 
E) None of these choices is true.

Question 46

 The type of politics best illustrated by auto-emission-control regulations is 

A) entrepreneurial politics. 
B) majoritarian politics. 
C) interest group politics. 
D) client politics. 
E) reciprocal politics.

Question 47

 The device used in automobile engines to remove emission pollutants is the 

A) manifold scrubber. 
B) transmission plate. 
C) carburetor emission activator (CEA). 
D) distributor cap. 
E) catalytic converter.

Question 48

 The environmental movement was launched,in part,in reaction to 

A) the appearance of dead whales on the West Coast. 
B) the overpopulation of deer in Oregon. 
C) an outbreak of diseases among birds in the Northeast. 
D) an oil spill on the beaches of Santa Barbara, California. 
E) a natural-gas eruption in Destin, Florida.

Question 49

 Most of the debate surrounding the 1970 Clean Air Act centered on the issue of pollution from 

A) automobile air-conditioning units. 
B) tire factories. 
C) automobile tailpipes. 
D) battery factories. 
E) oil refineries.

Question 50

 This policy entrepreneur's book Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile led to new regulations on the safety of automobiles. 

A) Upton Sinclair 
B) Ralph Nader 
C) Dr. Harvey Wiley 
D) Senator Edmund Muskie 
E) Huey Long

Question 51

 Which of the following statements best describes popular support for the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969,including its call for environmental impact statements? 

A) It remains strong. 
B) It was strong initially but has weakened considerably. 
C) It was weak initially but has grown stronger. 
D) It was weak initially and has grown weaker. 
E) It was weak initially and has remained so.

Question 52

 The form of pollutant thought to be caused by the burning of high-sulfur coal by Midwestern power and industrial plants is 

A) black snow. 
B) river ooze. 
C) smog. 
D) ozone. 
E) acid rain.

Question 53

 The text suggests that laws protecting endangered species are examples of __________ politics. 

A) majoritarian 
B) client 
C) interest-group 
D) entrepreneurial 
E) minoritarian

Question 54

 Each of the following statements regarding cap-and-trade is true EXCEPT 

A) It passed in the House of Representatives. 
B) The emissions allowed by the caps would increase very gradually over time. 
C) A similar system was used to cap emissions from sulfur dioxide that were linked to acid rain. 
D) An oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico contributed to its political failure. 
E) The bill never came to a vote in the Senate.

Question 55

 In this decision,the Supreme Court ruled that states should comply with EPA decisions,even if not explicitly authorized by statute,provided they are reasonable efforts to attain the goal of law. 

A) Union Electric Co. v. Environmental Protection Agency 
B) Chevron v. National Resources Defense Council 
C) Whitman v. American Truck Association 
D) Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency 
E) Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 56

 Which book raised public awareness about DDT? 

A) The Jungle 
B) RAW 
C) Unsafe at Any Speed 
D) Love Canal 
E) Silent Spring

Question 57

 Compared to the United States,European environmental policy tends to be 

A) more flexible. 
B) more uniform. 
C) less comprehensive. 
D) less client centered. 
E) enforced mostly by lawsuits.

Question 58

 This president created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 

A) John Kennedy 
B) Lyndon Johnson 
C) Richard Nixon 
D) Jimmy Carter 
E) Harry Truman

Question 59

 In this decision,the Supreme Court ruled that EPA rules must be observed without regard to their cost or technological feasibility. 

A) Union Electric Co. v. Environmental Protection Agency 
B) Chevron v. National Resources Defense Council 
C) Whitman v. American Truck Association 
D) Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency 
E) Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 60

 The American divide over global warming exists mainly because 

A) Republicans are less scientifically literate than Democrats. 
B) Republicans are more prone to being misled by fake news than are Democrats. 
C) the scientific community is split as to whether global warming is real. 
D) many prominent Republicans, including the president, have questioned global warming. 
E) the scientific community is split as to whether global warming is actually caused by humans.

Question 61

 Medicaid is now the largest program co-funded by the federal government and the states. 

Question 62

 Federalism reduces adversarial politics in environmental policy. 

Question 63

 Alexander Hamilton argued for a broad interpretation of the phrase "general welfare." 

Question 64

 In England,the writing of environmental rules is just as adversarial as in the United States. 

Question 65

 Environmental Impact Statements are largely innocuous and do not slow government projects down. 

Question 66

 Medicaid provides health coverage for people receiving TANF or SSI payments. 

Question 67

 If more milk is produced than people want to drink,then the Agriculture Department's Commodity Credit Corporation purchases the surplus milk with tax dollars. 

Question 68

 Medicaid was created during Franklin Roosevelt's administration. 

Question 69

 The Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)program was created by the Social Security Act of 1935. 

Question 70

 It took thirteen years,from 1977 to 1990,to agree on a congressional revision of the Clean Air Act. 

Question 71

 Polls suggested most Americans supported Obamacare. 

Question 72

 Majoritarian politics hold narrowly concentrated benefits and widely distributed costs. 

Question 73

 Antitrust laws are examples of majoritarian politics. 

Question 74

 The Medicare program does not utilize a means test. 

Question 75

 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 passed without a single Republican vote. 

Question 76

 The purpose of a means test is to demonstrate that a person is below a certain income level before receiving government benefits. 

Question 77

 The creators of Medicare and Medicaid designed the programs to support millions of Americans. 

Question 78

 America has been slower than other nations to embrace the welfare state. 

Question 79

 Environmental issues are receiving less support today than in the past. 

Question 80

 Today,restrictions on foreign oil imports continue and unlimited freedom has been extended to oil companies to drill wherever they please.