Deck 9: Database Management Approaches

Question 1

If the client only performs the presentation functions (and not the business functions),then the client is known as a thin client.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A distributed database is a single logical database that is physically divided among computers at several sites on a network.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In a DDBMS,the site where the user is located is called the local site.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Access to a data warehouse is accomplished through the use of OLAP software.

Question 5

In objected-oriented DBMSs,the term class refers to the general structure of an object.

Question 6

On a client/server network,the server is a computer that provides data to the clients.

Question 7

A local deadlock involves one transaction that requires a record held by a second transaction at one site,while the second transaction requires a record held by the first transaction at a different site.

Question 8

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a metalanguage.

Question 9

In the URL,http://www.irs.gov/individuals/index.html,the location path on the Web server is individuals.

Question 10

In objected-oriented DBMSs,the actions defined for a class are known as macros.

Question 11

Access delay refers to the fixed amount of time that is required for every message.

Question 12

In order to view and analyze higher levels of aggregate data,you must drill down the data.

Question 13

A file server stores the files required by the users on a network.

Question 14

A global deadlock occurs at a single site in a distributed database.

Question 15

The server is also known as a front-end processor or front-end machine.

Question 16

When relational databases store complex objects,these special data types are known as CLOBs.

Question 17

One approach you can use to model all the various aspects of software development for object-oriented systems is known as UML.

Question 18

Accessing data using messages over a network takes approximately the same amount of time as accessing data on a disk.

Question 19

A characteristic of a DDBMS that states that users do not need to be aware of the location of the data in a database is known as replication transparency.

Question 20

If users are unaware of fragmentation,the DDBMS has fragmentation transparency.

Question 21

It is possible for local DBMSs to commit updates at some sites and undo updates at other sites. This inconsistency can be prevented by using a ____.

A)two-step rollback
B)two-phase commit
C)two-phase rollback
D)two-phase transaction

Question 22

A DDBMS that has at least two sites at which the local DBMSs are different is known as a ____.

A)homogeneous DDBMS
B)heterogeneous DDBMS
C)holistic DDBMS
D)heuristic DDBMS

Question 23

The site that initiates the update in a two-phase commit is known as the ____.

A)director
B)initiator
C)coordinator
D)leader

Question 24

When users are unaware of the steps taken by the DDBMS to update the various copies of data,this characteristic of the DDBMS is called ____.

A)location transparency
B)fragmentation transparency
C)replication transparency
D)update transparency

Question 25

____ is the data communication method used by Web clients and Web servers to exchange data on the Internet.

A)UML
B)HTTP
C)URL
D)IIS

Question 26

____ implies that the performance of functions such as adding sites,changing versions of DBMSs,creating backups,and modifying hardware should not require planned shutdowns of the entire distributed database.

A)Continuous operation
B)Local autonomy
C)Location transparency
D)Fragmentation transparency

Question 27

Each digital document on the Web is called a ____.

A)Web server
B)Web browser
C)client
D)Web page

Question 28

The formula for message transmission time is: communication time = access delay + (data volume / X),where X represents ____.

A)transmission rate
B)length of transmission
C)lag time
D)seek time

Question 29

Because the clients and the server perform different functions and can run two different operating systems,there is an arrangement of client/server architecture known as ____.

A)single-tier architecture
B)two-tier architecture
C)three-tier architecture
D)four-tier architecture

Question 30

____ implies that no site should depend on another site to perform its database functions.

A)No reliance on a central site
B)Local autonomy
C)Continuous operation
D)Fragmentation transparency

Question 31

____ implies that users should not need to be concerned with the location of any specific data in the database.

A)Fragmentation transparency
B)Replication transparency
C)Location transparency
D)Update transparency

Question 32

_____ is a standard interface that provides the capability necessary for Web browsers to communicate with server-side extensions.

A)Common Gateway Interface
B)Operating System Interface
C)Web Server Interface
D)Procedural Interface

Question 33

When the data is organized by entity rather than by the application that uses the data,it is called ____.

A)table-oriented
B)row-oriented
C)column-oriented
D)subject-oriented

Question 34

Computers in a network communicate through ____.

A)tokens
B)messages
C)notes
D)letters

Question 35

When a centralized database becomes unavailable for any reason,no users can continue processing. In contrast,if a local database in a distributed database becomes unavailable,only users who need that data are affected. Because of this,distributed databases have a(n) ____ advantage over a centralized database.

A)local control of data
B)increasing database capacity
C)system availability
D)added efficiency

Question 36

If the client,in a client/server system,performs the business functions (calculations,etc.),then this client is known as a(n) ____.

A)thin client
B)fat client
C)maximum client
D)minimum client

Question 37

Which of the following is an advantage of distributed databases?

A)Local control of data
B)Easier updates of replicated data
C)More complex query processing
D)More complex treatment of concurrent updates

Question 38

____ is the ability of a computer system to continue to function well as utilization of the system increases.

A)Data fragmentation
B)Data mining
C)Scalability
D)Polymorphism

Question 39

____ is a metalanguage derived from a restricted subset of SGML,and designed for the exchange of data on the Web.

A)UML
B)URL
C)XML
D)HTTP

Question 40

When users interact with an RDBMS,they use transactions. These types of systems are called ____ systems.

A)OLTP
B)ODBMS
C)OLAP
D)ODBC

Question 41

A(n) ______________________________ is one in which data and the actions that operate on the data are encapsulated into objects.

Question 42

In an object-oriented DBMS,methods are defined during the ____________________ process.

Question 43

With respect to the definition of data warehouse,____ means that data in a data warehouse represents snapshots of data at various points in time in the past.

A)nonvolatile
B)time-variant
C)subject-oriented
D)integrated

Question 44

____ refers to the association of an operation to actual program code.

A)Attaching
B)Matching
C)Linking
D)Binding

Question 45

E-commerce between organizations is called ____________________.

Question 46

In ____ systems,data and actions are encapsulated.

A)relational
B)object-oriented
C)network
D)parallel

Question 47

Uncovering new knowledge,patterns,trends,and rules from the data stored in a data warehouse is known as ____.

A)fragmentation transparency
B)replication transparency
C)polymorphism
D)data mining

Question 48

A ____ is a subject-oriented,integrated,time-variant,nonvolatile collection of data in support of management's decision-making process.

A)data warehouse
B)thin client
C)back-end processor
D)fat client

Question 49

In an object-oriented DBMS,a(n) ____________________ is the set of values that are permitted for an attribute.

Question 50

In ____ systems,you create actions as part of data manipulation rather than as part of the data definition.

A)object-oriented
B)relational
C)parallel
D)simple

Question 51

A(n) _________________________ is a DBMS capable of supporting and manipulating distributed databases.

Question 52

To execute the steps in a method,the user sends a(n) ____________________ to the object.

Question 53

A(n) ____________________ DDBMS is a database that has the same local DBMS at each site.

Question 54

A(n) ____ consists of rows that contain consolidated and summarized data.

A)class
B)data model
C)fact table
D)object

Question 55

In a three-tier client/server architecture,the clients perform the presentation functions,a database server performs the database functions,and separate computers called ____________________ perform the business functions and serve as an interface between clients and the database server.

Question 56

With respect to the definition of data warehouse,____ means that the data is read-only.

A)time-variant
B)integrated
C)nonvolatile
D)subject-oriented

Question 57

With respect to the definition of data warehouse,____ means that data is stored in one place,even though it originates from everywhere in the organization and from a variety of external sources.

A)time-variant
B)nonvolatile
C)subject-oriented
D)integrated

Question 58

Each ____ contains a single-part primary key that serves as an index for the fact table and also contains other fields associated with the primary key value.

A)primary table
B)fact table
C)dimension table
D)star table

Question 59

Web pages that display the same content for all Web clients are called ____________________ Web pages.

Question 60

____________________ implies that you define an object to contain both the data and its associated actions.

Question 61

The ____________________ symbol in a class diagram indicates whether other classes can view or update the value in the attribute.

Question 62

Explain the difference between a Web page,a Web server,and a Web client.

Question 63

What is the purpose of the following UML diagrams: class,use case,sequence,and activity?

Question 64

With ____________________ visibility,only the class itself can view or update the value in the attribute.

Question 65

On a class diagram,the lines joining the classes represent the relationships and are called ____________________.

Question 66

Discuss the differences between how client-side extensions and server-side extensions are created and executed,including the kinds of languages used to create them.

Question 67

On a class diagram,a(n) ____________________ symbol precedes each attribute.

Question 68

With ____________________ visibility,any other class can view or update the value of an attribute.

Question 69

____________________ are restrictions placed on the data that can be stored in the database.

Question 70

What are the advantages of a client/server system?

Question 71

If one class is a subclass of a second class,the second class is called a(n) ____________________ of the first class.

Question 72

With ____________________ visibility,only the class itself or public or protected subclasses of the class can view or update the value in the attribute.

Question 73

With respect to UML,the type of diagram most relevant to database design is the ____________________.

Question 74

____________________ indicates the number of objects that can be related to an individual object at the other end of the relationship.

Question 75

What are the advantages of distributed databases?