Deck 19: Organization Change and Development

Question 1

Felicia, Ron, and Jessica are friends who were born in 1964, 1965, and 1968 respectively. Accordingly, they can be classified as

A)Generation X.
B)Millennials.
C)Generation Y.
D)Generation Z
E)Baby-boomers.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The number of people born between 1945 and 1960 was _____.

A)38 million
B)27 million
C)100 million
D)56 million
E)38 million

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT considered an example of organization development?

A)Job enlargement to reduce absenteeism and improve morale
B)Automating the personnel record system
C)Autonomous work teams to improve cohesiveness
D)Job enrichment to satisfy esteem needs
E)Sensitivity training to improve communications

Answer 3

B

Question 4

______ is the process of systematically planning, organizing, and implementing change.

A)Unfreezing
B)Quality of work life
C)Transition management
D)Task redesign
E)Refreezing

Question 5

Information processing and communication changes include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)a new generation of computers.
B)people may not need offices.
C)work stations will be more electronic than paper and pencil.
D)organizations will have systematic plans for changes.
E)satellite systems for data transmission.

Question 6

Baby boomers were born between the years _____.

A)1930-1945
B)1960-1970
C)1945-1960
D)1970-1980
E)1980-2000

Question 7

The changes that are occurring in organizations include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)cultures.
B)structures.
C)work relationships.
D)customer relationships.
E)strategic initiatives.

Question 8

Organization development does all of the following EXCEPT:

A)it is designed specifically to improve organizations.
B)it attempts to plan organization changes.
C)it is based on knowledge of the behavioral sciences.
D)it excludes spontaneous initiatives.
E)it guarantees success if implemented by OD professionals.

Question 9

The final step in Lewin's Process Model of change is

A)refreezing.
B)unfreezing.
C)change itself.
D)prepare for it by planning.
E)static.

Question 10

Organization development

A)focuses on technological change.
B)has yet to emerge as a distinct field of study.
C)works best as a spontaneous process.
D)is designed to combat unwanted change.
E)is the process of planned change using scientific knowledge.

Question 11

The group of people born between 1980 and 2000 are called

A)Generation X.
B)Millennials.
C)Generation Y.
D)Generation Z
E)Baby-boomers.

Question 12

Transition management

A)is the responsibility of an outside consultant.
B)is the responsibility of the change agent.
C)relieves the regular management team of its normal duties.
D)halts business as usual during the change process.
E)begins before the change starts.

Question 13

Generation X includes people who were born _____.

A)between 1930 and 1945
B)between 1910 and 1930
C)between 1945 and 1960
D)between 1970 and 1980
E)after 1960

Question 14

Which of these makes new behaviors relatively permanent and resistant to further change?

A)Refreezing
B)Unfreezing
C)Change itself
D)Prepare for it by planning
E)Status quo

Question 15

A structural change affects all of the following EXCEPT:

A)performance appraisals.
B)rewards.
C)communication.
D)decision-making.
E)industry standards.

Question 16

According to the continuous change process model, the final step is

A)measurement, evaluation, and control.
B)OB model.
C)a system audit and modification.
D)the change agent.
E)transition management.

Question 17

John and Mark are brothers who were born in 1958 and 1961 respectively. Accordingly, they can be classified as ______ and _______.

A)Generation X; Generation Y
B)Millennials; Baby-boomers
C)Generation Y; Generation X
D)Generation Z; Baby-boomers
E)Baby-boomers; Generation X

Question 18

The first step in Lewin's Process Model of change is

A)refreezing.
B)unfreezing.
C)change itself.
D)prepare for it by planning.
E)static.

Question 19

The areas in which the pressures for change appear most powerful involve all of the following EXCEPT:

A)people.
B)technology.
C)information processing.
D)competition.
E)regulation.

Question 20

The process by which people become aware of the need for change is

A)refreezing.
B)unfreezing.
C)change itself.
D)prepare for it by planning.
E)static.

Question 21

The expected benefits from quality of work life programs include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)positive attitudes.
B)increased centralization of leadership.
C)increased effectiveness of the organization.
D)increased goal accomplishment.
E)increased productivity.

Question 22

Which of these involves gathering data, analyzing and summarizing them, and returning them to employees and groups for discussion and to identify and solve problems?

A)Training
B)Team building
C)Command and control
D)Management development
E)Survey feedback

Question 23

Which of the following is an individual source of resistance to change?

A)Overdetermination
B)Threatened expertise
C)Resource allocation
D)Group inertia
E)Economic factors

Question 24

Overdetermination is sometimes called

A)structural inertia.
B)organizational inertia.
C)group inertia.
D)group stability.
E)organizational stability.

Question 25

All of the following are the most popular types of people-oriented change techniques EXCEPT:

A)Training
B)Team building
C)Command and control
D)Management development
E)Survey feedback

Question 26

Most quality of work life efforts espouse a goal of

A)humanizing the workplace.
B)reduced interpersonal conflict.
C)strengthened competitive advantage.
D)increasing the quality of the work performed.
E)decreasing expenses and waste on the job.

Question 27

All of the following statements about change are true EXCEPT:

A)an organization may resist change.
B)change is inevitable.
C)an organization may promote change.
D)resistance to change is inevitable.
E)resistance to change should be eliminated.

Question 28

The degree to which members of a work organization are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in the organization is called

A)structural change.
B)system-wide change.
C)change agent success.
D)total quality management.
E)quality of work life.

Question 29

With respect to management development, which of the following is NOT true?

A)The value of management development is a proven fact.
B)Management development objectives must be compatible with organizational objectives.
C)Management development is a long-range process.
D)Organizations must use care in identifying their unique developmental needs.
E)Management development is multifaceted and complex.

Question 30

Which of the following is one of the organizational sources of resistance to change found by Katz and Kahn?

A)Threatened expertise
B)Rapidity of change
C)Decentralization
D)Formalization
E)Specificity of change

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT an organizational source of resistance to change as identified by Katz and Kahn?

A)Overdetermination
B)Threatened expertise
C)Resource allocation
D)Group inertia
E)Decentralization

Question 32

All of the following are goals of team building EXCEPT:

A)to examine group norms.
B)to analyze the way work is performed.
C)to set team goals and priorities.
D)to examine relationships among workers.
E)to identify unique management development needs.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT an individual source of resistance to change?

A)Habit
B)Threatened expertise
C)Fear of the unknown
D)Security
E)Social factors

Question 34

With respect to managing change, management should consider resistance to change as

A)something to be overcome as quickly as possible.
B)a signal to carefully examine the advantages and disadvantages of a change.
C)something to be avoided.
D)an opportunity to reinforce their authority.
E)a commonplace, everyday event and not worry about it.

Question 35

When introducing job changes, managers must consider all of the following EXCEPT:

A)the total work environment within which the job exists.
B)whether the job changes require adjustments in other organizational components.
C)how to limit what employees know about the changes.
D)whether workers have, or can easily obtain, the newly required skills.
E)who will design the changes.

Question 36

Which stage of the survey feedback process focuses on the identification of problems?

A)Group feedback
B)Distribution of surveys
C)Data gathering
D)Process analysis
E)Improvement planning

Question 37

The second step in the integrative framework for the implementation of task redesign is

A)appointment of a change agent.
B)recognition of a need for a change.
C)diagnosis of the work system and context.
D)creation of a collateral organization.
E)selection of task redesign as a potential intervention.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT true of the use of data collected through the survey feedback process?

A)Results should only be reviewed by top management.
B)Results are returned to all levels of the organization.
C)Results are used for solving problems.
D)Results are used to identify problems.
E)Results are aggregated by group or department.

Question 39

Task and technological change focuses on

A)indirect alteration of jobs.
B)quality inputs to the process.
C)the way inputs are transformed into outputs.
D)broad system-wide changes.
E)the way standards are created and enforced.

Question 40

A major problem of training programs is

A)identifying actual training needs.
B)finding the time and funding for the training effort.
C)motivating employees to want to learn.
D)transferring employee learning to the workplace.
E)finding "role model" trainers.

Question 41

Despite their efforts to do so, baby boomers have failed to affect U.S. employment practices.

Question 42

Sam has good working relationships with his boss and coworkers and is concerned that the upcoming organization change might disrupt these. Sam is most likely to resist the change because of

A)lack of awareness.
B)fear of the unknown.
C)economic factors.
D)habit.
E)social factors.

Question 43

Which of the following organizational sources of resistance occurs when decision-making authority is redistributed?

A)Fear of the unknown
B)Narrow focus of change
C)Threatened power
D)Habit
E)Resource allocation

Question 44

The three steps of Lewin's model of planned change are unfreezing, change, and refreezing.

Question 45

The four areas in which the pressures for change are the most powerful involve people, technology, information processing and communication, and competition.

Question 46

In the absence of information regarding a change, employees may fill the gap with

A)inappropriate or false information.
B)sensitive participation.
C)a contribution.
D)a holistic view.
E)a synopsis.

Question 47

Employees must be prepared for constant change.

Question 48

Who is often acknowledged after a change effort?

A)People who were hired once the change began.
B)People who were hired only after the change had ended.
C)People who worked hardest to speed up the change.
D)People who quickly grasped new work assignments.
E)People who tried to stop it.

Question 49

As the rate of technological change increases, it becomes important to respond more slowly to change in order to make the proper decisions.

Question 50

The median age in the United States has gradually increased over the last several decades.

Question 51

Each of the following is a reason to secure top management support for a change EXCEPT:

A)to reduce fear of obsolescence.
B)to head off problems of power.
C)to avoid problems of control.
D)to keep key managers informed.
E)to get the dominant coalition on the side of change.

Question 52

Advances in information processing and communication have paralleled each other.

Question 53

Unfreezing is the process by which people become aware of the need for change.

Question 54

How might a manager reduce the spread of rumors regarding a change?

A)Start small
B)Secure top management support
C)Foster open communication
D)Encourage participation
E)Take a holistic view

Question 55

When managers consider the impact of a change on the culture, the dominant coalition, and the people, tasks, and structure of the organization, they are more likely to be successful because they have

A)taken a holistic view.
B)secured top management support.
C)considered international issues.
D)started small.
E)encouraged participation.

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT one of the keys to successful change management?

A)Reward those who contribute to change.
B)Secure top management support.
C)Encourage participation by those affected by the change.
D)Maximize employee job satisfaction.
E)Foster open communication.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT one of the six reasons individuals resist change?

A)Economic factors
B)Social factors
C)Threatened power
D)Lack of awareness
E)Fear of the unknown

Question 58

The post-1960 generation of workers are referred to as Generation X.

Question 59

The first step of Lewin's model of planned change involves refreezing.

Question 60

Refreezing is the process of generating actual change in the organization.

Question 61

Problems related to resistance, control, and power can be overcome by broad participation in planning the change.

Question 62

Managers should take a holistic view of the organization and the change project in order to successfully manage change and development.

Question 63

Because of perceptual limitations such as lack of attention or selective attention, a person may not recognize a change in a rule or procedure and thus may not alter his or her behavior.

Question 64

Total quality management efforts usually focus on teams, and the principles of team building must be applied to make them work.

Question 65

Process analysis involves developing plans for improvement.

Question 66

Employees who contribute to the change in any way need to be rewarded.

Question 67

The survey feedback process includes five distinct stages that begin with problem identification.

Question 68

The last step in Lewin's change process is ______.

Question 69

Management development programs rely heavily on participative methods such as case studies and role playing to instruct employees.

Question 70

_______ itself is the movement from the old way of doing things to a new way.

Question 71

The final step in the continuous change process model involves recognizing and defining a problem.

Question 72

A(n) _______ is a person who may help manage a change effort.

Question 73

Groups that are satisfied with current resource allocation methods may resist any change they believe will threaten future allocations.

Question 74

Many efforts to create change in organizations adopt too narrow a focus.

Question 75

The _____ change process model emphasizes that change is constantly occurring at various stages within the organization.

Question 76

_____ differ substantially from previous generations with respect to education, expectations, and value systems.

Question 77

A major problem with training programs is transferring employee learning to the workplace.

Question 78

The most powerful pressures for change involve ______, technology, information processing and communication, and competition.

Question 79

Open communication is an important factor in managing resistance to change and overcoming information and control problems during transitions.

Question 80

A change in the organization may threaten the specialized expertise that individuals and groups have developed over the years.