Deck 9: Dividing and Classifying

Question 1

Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
Consider three ideas, proposed in perfect seriousness to explain that greatest of all titillating puzzles-the extinction of dinosaurs. Since these three notions invoke the primally fascinating themes of our culture-sex, drugs, and violence-they surely reside in the category of fascinating claims… .
1. Sex: Testes function only in a narrow range of temperature (those of mammals hang externally in a scrotal sac because internal body temperatures are too high for their proper function). A worldwide rise in temperature at the close of the Cretaceous period caused the testes of dinosaurs to stop functioning and led to their extinction by sterilization of males.
2. Drugs: Angiosperms (flowering plants) first evolved toward the end of the dinosaurs' reign. Many of these plants contain psychoactive agents, avoided by mammals today as a result of their bitter taste. Dinosaurs had neither means to taste the bitterness nor livers effective enough to detoxify the substances. They died of massive overdoses.
3. Disasters: A large comet or asteroid struck the Earth some 65 million years ago, lofting a cloud of dust into the sky and blocking sunlight, thereby suppressing photosynthesis and so drastically lowering world temperatures that dinosaurs and hosts of other creatures became extinct
-Stephen Jay Gould

-What is Gould's general message or purpose in this paragraph?

Answer 1

Speculation is part of the process of understanding history.

Question 2

Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
Consider three ideas, proposed in perfect seriousness to explain that greatest of all titillating puzzles-the extinction of dinosaurs. Since these three notions invoke the primally fascinating themes of our culture-sex, drugs, and violence-they surely reside in the category of fascinating claims… .
1. Sex: Testes function only in a narrow range of temperature (those of mammals hang externally in a scrotal sac because internal body temperatures are too high for their proper function). A worldwide rise in temperature at the close of the Cretaceous period caused the testes of dinosaurs to stop functioning and led to their extinction by sterilization of males.
2. Drugs: Angiosperms (flowering plants) first evolved toward the end of the dinosaurs' reign. Many of these plants contain psychoactive agents, avoided by mammals today as a result of their bitter taste. Dinosaurs had neither means to taste the bitterness nor livers effective enough to detoxify the substances. They died of massive overdoses.
3. Disasters: A large comet or asteroid struck the Earth some 65 million years ago, lofting a cloud of dust into the sky and blocking sunlight, thereby suppressing photosynthesis and so drastically lowering world temperatures that dinosaurs and hosts of other creatures became extinct
-Stephen Jay Gould

-When does this paragraph move from one to many? From many to one?
Division:________________________________________________________
Classification: ___________________________________________________

Answer 2

Division: dividing our culture into three main themes
Classification: putting our three cultural themes into a single category ("fascinating claims"); putting scientists speculations into three categories (sex, drugs, disasters)

Question 3

Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
Consider three ideas, proposed in perfect seriousness to explain that greatest of all titillating puzzles-the extinction of dinosaurs. Since these three notions invoke the primally fascinating themes of our culture-sex, drugs, and violence-they surely reside in the category of fascinating claims… .
1. Sex: Testes function only in a narrow range of temperature (those of mammals hang externally in a scrotal sac because internal body temperatures are too high for their proper function). A worldwide rise in temperature at the close of the Cretaceous period caused the testes of dinosaurs to stop functioning and led to their extinction by sterilization of males.
2. Drugs: Angiosperms (flowering plants) first evolved toward the end of the dinosaurs' reign. Many of these plants contain psychoactive agents, avoided by mammals today as a result of their bitter taste. Dinosaurs had neither means to taste the bitterness nor livers effective enough to detoxify the substances. They died of massive overdoses.
3. Disasters: A large comet or asteroid struck the Earth some 65 million years ago, lofting a cloud of dust into the sky and blocking sunlight, thereby suppressing photosynthesis and so drastically lowering world temperatures that dinosaurs and hosts of other creatures became extinct
-Stephen Jay Gould

-How does the author organize this paragraph?

Answer 3

From one extreme to another-from least to most dramatic

Question 4

The ancient rites of male initiation were complicated and subtle experiences which could be imagined better as a continual spiral than as a walk down a road. The spiral could be described as a year which repeats itself in seasons. The four seasons of male development amount to four stages, four steps, and four events, though we all know that seasons run into each other, and repeat. The four seasons, or stages, … are bonding with and separation from the mother; bonding with and separation from the father; finding of the male mother; and the interior marriage or marriage with the Hidden Woman.
-Robert Bly

-What is Bly's general message or purpose in this paragraph?

Question 5

The ancient rites of male initiation were complicated and subtle experiences which could be imagined better as a continual spiral than as a walk down a road. The spiral could be described as a year which repeats itself in seasons. The four seasons of male development amount to four stages, four steps, and four events, though we all know that seasons run into each other, and repeat. The four seasons, or stages, … are bonding with and separation from the mother; bonding with and separation from the father; finding of the male mother; and the interior marriage or marriage with the Hidden Woman.
-Robert Bly

-When does this paragraph move from one to many? From many to one?
Division:_________________________________________________________
Classification: ____________________________________________________

Question 6

The ancient rites of male initiation were complicated and subtle experiences which could be imagined better as a continual spiral than as a walk down a road. The spiral could be described as a year which repeats itself in seasons. The four seasons of male development amount to four stages, four steps, and four events, though we all know that seasons run into each other, and repeat. The four seasons, or stages, … are bonding with and separation from the mother; bonding with and separation from the father; finding of the male mother; and the interior marriage or marriage with the Hidden Woman.
-Robert Bly
-How does the author organize this paragraph?

Question 7

On the surface, the leather motorcycle jacket is a comparatively simple creation. It comes in two basic designs: The plainer of the two is a single-breasted version with two vertical side pockets and a center zipper. However, Brando, Dean, and a million lookalikes have always favored the more exotic (and original) double-breasted number with asymmetrical front zipper to provide the wearer with a double layer of chest protection, created by the Schott Brothers Leather Company in 1928 and copied ad infinitum ever since. "Grandpa Schott was commissioned by Harley-Davidson to come up with a jacket for bikers-there was nothing made especially for bikers before then," says Roz Schott, the company's vice president. Both styles have two short zips on the sleeve that can close the cuffs tight on the wrists to prevent ballooning and protect the arms in a wipeout.
-Mick Farren
-What is Farren's general message or purpose in this paragraph?

Question 8

On the surface, the leather motorcycle jacket is a comparatively simple creation. It comes in two basic designs: The plainer of the two is a single-breasted version with two vertical side pockets and a center zipper. However, Brando, Dean, and a million lookalikes have always favored the more exotic (and original) double-breasted number with asymmetrical front zipper to provide the wearer with a double layer of chest protection, created by the Schott Brothers Leather Company in 1928 and copied ad infinitum ever since. "Grandpa Schott was commissioned by Harley-Davidson to come up with a jacket for bikers-there was nothing made especially for bikers before then," says Roz Schott, the company's vice president. Both styles have two short zips on the sleeve that can close the cuffs tight on the wrists to prevent ballooning and protect the arms in a wipeout.
-Mick Farren

-When does this paragraph move from one to many? From many to one?
Division:________________________________________________________
Classification: ___________________________________________________

Question 9

On the surface, the leather motorcycle jacket is a comparatively simple creation. It comes in two basic designs: The plainer of the two is a single-breasted version with two vertical side pockets and a center zipper. However, Brando, Dean, and a million lookalikes have always favored the more exotic (and original) double-breasted number with asymmetrical front zipper to provide the wearer with a double layer of chest protection, created by the Schott Brothers Leather Company in 1928 and copied ad infinitum ever since. "Grandpa Schott was commissioned by Harley-Davidson to come up with a jacket for bikers-there was nothing made especially for bikers before then," says Roz Schott, the company's vice president. Both styles have two short zips on the sleeve that can close the cuffs tight on the wrists to prevent ballooning and protect the arms in a wipeout.
-Mick Farren

-How does the author organize this paragraph?

Question 10

Dividing and classifying are

A) opposites.
B) the same thing.
C) useful only in mathematics.
D) similar but different processes.

Question 11

The rhetorical mode called dividing and classifying is correctly defined as which of the following?

A) Dividing is grouping into smaller categories while classifying is sorting into larger categories.
B) Division is grouping into larger categories while classifying is sorting into smaller categories.
C) Division moves from one category to many while classifying moves from many categories to one.
D) Dividing and classifying are methods of organization.

Question 12

Why should your overall purpose for writing be stated in your topic sentence?

A) to be sure you write a coherent and focused message
B) to be sure you divide and classify properly
C) to reinforce the title of your essay
D) to be sure of your topic

Question 13

How are division and classification related?

A) They examine your topics in two separate critical ways.
B) They are in reality the very same activity.
C) They are mirror images of one another.
D) They both explain.

Question 14

Why should examples used in a division and classification paragraph share a common trait?

A) Division and classification involve discussing similarities.
B) The main point cannot be supported unless there is commonality among the examples.
C) A common trait makes it easier for the audience to remember the main point.
D) It is easier to write about a common trait.

Question 15

Which of the following are good examples to use in a division and classification paragraph?

A) classify main entrees according to flavor and use main ingredients, spices, and seasonings as examples
B) classify dogs according to their good watchdog abilities and use dog size, ferocity, and hair length as examples
C) classify trains according to their comfort and use padded seats, reclining seats, and leg room as examples
D) classify books according to entertainment value and use the length of the book, the cover, and the reviews as examples

Question 16

Which organization is the most effective in a division and classification paragraph?

A) chronologically
B) point-by-point
C) spatially
D) logically

Question 17

Classification means to move from

A) many to one.
B) one to many.
C) many to many.
D) one to two.

Question 18

In Sarah Hodgson's paragraph about dogs, how does she use division?

A) Hodgson discusses dogs in a general way.
B) Many types of dogs fit into each category.
C) Dogs are divided into five categories, according to personality.
D) Dogs are divided by their physical appearance.

Question 19

What is the main point of Sarah Hodgson's paragraph?

A) Dogs, like humans, have personalities that can be classified.
B) Humans, like dogs, fit into one of five personality types.
C) No one can really explain how dogs behave.
D) Dogs are not as complex as humans.

Question 20

Dividing is ___________________ into smaller categories.

Question 21

Classifying is grouping into ____________________ categories.

Question 22

To classify, you need to find the ______________ trait that all the items share.

Question 23

Dividing and classifying are ______________ images.

Question 24

An effective dividing and classifying paragraph is ___________________ organized.

Question 25

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-It happens in a flash, based entirely on surface cues , but people use first impressions to make sometimes irreversible judgments.

A) signs
B) feelings
C) arguments
D) disguises

Question 26

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-As Henry Kissinger once said, history is fueled not by impersonal forces, but by personalities.

A) friendly
B) large
C) wealthy
D) distant

Question 27

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Ironically , introverts often have meaningful friendships.

A) unknowingly
B) coincidentally
C) happily
D) paradoxically

Question 28

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-They need to be the center of attention at all times, and have a habit of boasting .

A) hiding
B) screaming
C) bragging
D) talking

Question 29

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Sensers are just-the-facts people, and they get that way by using their objective senses, rather than their intuition, to gather information.

A) unbiased
B) physical
C) spiritual
D) emotional

Question 30

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Also, they can be domineering and lacking in trust.

A) quiet
B) emotional
C) jealous
D) bossy

Question 31

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Intuitors see the big picture in spite of a tenuous grasp of the details.

A) firm
B) healthy
C) tight
D) weak

Question 32

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-If they're affluent, they have a tie that shows they met the rigid qualifications for entry to a topranked school.

A) easy
B) many
C) strict
D) few

Question 33

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Thinkers can get trapped in their love of analysis, becoming overcautious and indecisive .

A) uncertain
B) certain
C) crazy
D) exhausted

Question 34

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Perceivers are always receptive to more information or stimulation before acting.

A) motivation
B) good advice
C) knowledge
D) research

Question 35

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many categories of personalities does the author identify?

A) nine
B) ten
C) eight
D) five

Question 36

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-According to the author, what do people often rely upon to make first-impression judgments?

A) a person's personality
B) whether or not a person makes eye contact
C) how a person speaks
D) the color of a person's hair

Question 37

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What is ironic about introverts?

A) They can be very boisterous at times.
B) They have meaningful relationships.
C) They do not like other people.
D) They cannot form meaningful relationships.

Question 38

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What personality type is rewarded by society?

A) introverts
B) intuitors
C) thinkers
D) extroverts

Question 39

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Instead of using intuition, sensers use

A) their objective senses.
B) their first impressions.
C) their emotions.
D) the opinions of others.

Question 40

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Intuitors make up what percentage of the population?

A) 50 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 10 percent
D) 5 percent

Question 41

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What do thinkers tend to forget?

A) small details
B) their own as well as other people's feelings
C) their commitments
D) what other people tell them

Question 42

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What do feelers analyze?

A) everything
B) the way people dress
C) interactions among people
D) numbers

Question 43

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How should someone deal with judges?

A) by being diplomatic
B) by ignoring them
C) by using fancy vocabulary words
D) by making a commitment and then following through with it

Question 44

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Perceivers tend to _______________ a structured environment.

A) thrive in
B) rebel against
C) feel intimidated by
D) appreciate

Question 45

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Deep thinkers who prefer time alone are called ____________________.

Question 46

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-___________________ can be hyperactive and intrusive.

Question 47

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-People who use their eyes and ears for clues are called ___________________.

Question 48

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Albert Einstein was the classic ______________________.

Question 49

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-People who act from the heart and the gut are called ________________.

Question 50

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Camille Lavington divides personalities into seven classifications. Judging from the way that she describes them and the way she organizes her essay, what do you think her personality type is? Explain.

Question 51

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Lavington describes sensers as being objective, which means they judge things without opinion or bias. Has Lavington been objective in her descriptions of the personalities, or can we sense her opinion? Explain.

Question 52

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Which personality would make the best police officer? The best president? The best doctor? Explain.

Question 53

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Has Lavington adequately described each personality? If she were to make the essay longer, what would you suggest she add?

Question 54

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Lavington titles her essay, "Rapport: How to Ignite It." If you had to interview people from each personality, what would be the first question you would ask them? Explain how each question is tailored to each personality.

Question 55

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Look for grain choices that are low in saturated and trans fat and low in added sugar when possible.

A) rich in flavor
B) fat in milk and oil
C) nutrient-dense
D) unsaturated fatty acids used in snack foods

Question 56

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Look for grain choices that are low in saturated and trans fat and low in added sugar when possible.

A) rich in flavor
B) fat in milk and oil
C) nutrient-dense
D) unsaturated fatty acids used in snack foods

Question 57

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Whole grains can help you add fiber to your diet.

A) mineral necessary for good sleep
B) undigestible carbohydrate; regulates hunger and blood sugar
C) healthy sugar
D) a type of saturated fat

Question 58

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Some vegetables get a bum rap , which is a shame because delicious vegetables come in a wide variety of colors and flavors.

A) bad reputation
B) obvious benefit
C) low recommended amount
D) variety of recipes

Question 59

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Starchy vegetables are food like corn, green peas, and white potatoes.

A) stretchy
B) high in fat
C) high in protein
D) stores carbohydrates in the body

Question 60

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-These can also be counted in the protein foods group.

A) added sugars
B) whole grains
C) the body's building blocks
D) oil and fats

Question 61

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Oils are high in calories , but they are also an important source of nutrients like vitamin E.

A) units of heat energy
B) starches
C) saturated fats
D) measure of activity

Question 62

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Oils are high in calories, but they are also an important source of nutrients like vitamin E.

A) substance necessary for survival
B) trace minerals
C) vegetables and whole grains
D) the center of an atom

Question 63

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-For most people, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns allow extra calories every day for solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in the processed food they eat.

A) food altered in preparation
B) foods high in glucose
C) unhealthy food
D) food sold by fast food restaurants

Question 64

Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-In addition to other updates, food labels will now include "added sugars" on the nutrition facts label to inform consumers of their sugar intake.

A) wealthy person
B) person who prepares food
C) corrupt person
D) person that eats or uses something

Question 65

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many food groups does the author identify?

A) nine
B) ten
C) seven
D) five

Question 66

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Any food made from wheat, rye, rice, oats, cornmeal, barley, or another cereal grain is part of the_______________.

A) grain group
B) cereal group
C) wheat group
D) fiber group

Question 67

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Why should you be careful of low-fat baked goods?

A) They can be more difficult to bake.
B) They have fewer nutrients.
C) They don't taste as good.
D) They can be high in added sugar.

Question 68

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What type of grain is the most healthy?

A) cereal grains
B) whole grains
C) processed grains
D) natural grains

Question 69

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Other than vegetables, in which group can beans and peas be included?

A) fruits
B) grains
C) proteins
D) oils and fats

Question 70

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which fruits provide extra fiber?

A) citrus fruit, like oranges and lemons
B) fruits that grow on trees, like apricots, cherries, and mangoes
C) melons, like watermelon and cantaloupe
D) fruit with skins, like apples and pears

Question 71

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What type of protein should you consider eating at least twice a week instead of other types of meat?

A) chicken
B) seafood
C) red meat
D) tofu

Question 72

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What type of fish contain the element mercury?

A) large fish, like tuna
B) small fish, like sardines and trout
C) shellfish, like shrimp, crab, and lobster
D) no fish contain mercury

Question 73

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Although oils are high in calories, they contain important nutrients, like ______________.

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin E
C) vitamin C
D) vitamin D

Question 74

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does SoFAS stand for?

A) state of fatty acid storage
B) salt of the fresh atlantic sea
C) solid fats and added sugars
D) source of fiber added sodium

Question 75

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The more you know about what you eat, the better ______________ you can make.

Question 76

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Try to choose grain products made from ______________ grains.

Question 77

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Sometimes _______________ get a bum rap, which is a shame because delicious ____________ come in a wide variety of colors and flavors.

Question 78

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Choosing ______________ or ________________ milk and yogurt, rather than cheese, gives you important vitamins and minerals and less sodium and fat.

Question 79

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Added sugars means more calories without more __________________.

Question 80

Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Look at the order in which the author lists the Food Groups. Why do you think they are listed in this order? Is this order effective? Why or why not?