Deck 23: The Hematologic and Lymphatic Systems

Question 1

What are the functions of the hematologic system? Select all that apply.

A) Delivery of nutrients and oxygen to cells
B) Transportation of dietary fats
C) Drainage of interstitial fluid
D) Removal of wastes
E) Blood volume regulation

Answer 1

Delivery of nutrients and oxygen to cells
Removal of wastes
Blood volume regulation

Question 2

What is the primary objective of blood?

A) Carries dissolved substances
B) Moves to all body parts
C) Maintains homeostasis via its viscosity
D) Maintains a constant environment for the rest of the body's tissues

Answer 2

Maintains a constant environment for the rest of the body's tissues

Question 3

Which functions of blood are related to homeostatic mechanisms? Select all that apply.

A) Carries dissolved substances
B) Moves to all body parts
C) Drains interstitial fluids
D) Delivers immune substances
E) Supports coagulation

Answer 3

Carries dissolved substances
Moves to all body parts
Delivers immune substances
Supports coagulation

Question 4

What are the functions of albumin? Select all that apply.

A) Helps maintain blood pressure
B) Provides immunity against infection and disease
C) Provides thickness to the circulating blood volume
D) Helps with blood clotting
E) Maintains osmotic pressure within blood vessels

Question 5

What nursing intervention is associated with the function of gamma globulin?

A) Assisting blood pressure
B) Immunizing against infection and disease
C) Providing IV hydration therapy
D) Applying pressure to a bleeding wound

Question 6

What nursing intervention is associated with the function of white blood cells?

A) Providing the client with supplemental oxygen
B) Monitoring the client for an elevated temperature
C) Requiring that a client shave with an electric razor
D) Screening clients for anemia

Question 7

What is the function of basophils?

A) Release chemicals to assist the body in detoxifying foreign proteins
B) Involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions
C) First line of defense against bacteria
D) Play a role in acute and chronic inflammatory processes

Question 8

What is the role of phagocytosis in fighting invading organisms and other foreign materials?

A) Engulfing of extracellular fluid materials
B) Engulfing of particulate matter
C) Attacking specific chemicals that identify damage tissues
D) Increasing in number and engulfing and devouring invaders

Question 9

Which is the correct sequence for the mechanism of blood clotting?
1) Platelets break down and cause the release of thromboplastin, which interacts with certain protein factors and calcium ions to form prothrombin activator.
2) Prothrombin activator reacts with additional calcium ions to convert the plasma protein prothrombin to thrombin.
3) Threads of fibrin form a net to entrap red blood cells and platelets to form a clot, which acts like a plug in a hole and tends to draw injured edges together.
4) Thrombin converts the soluble plasma protein fibrinogen into insoluble threads of fibrin.

A) 1, 2, 4, 3
B) 2, 1, 3, 4
C) 3, 2, 4, 1
D) 4, 1, 2, 3

Question 10

What are the functions of lymph tissues? Select all that apply.

A) Filtering blood
B) Destroying pathogens
C) Developing antigens
D) Stopping bleeding
E) Fighting against antibodies

Question 11

Which statement correctly describes a lymphatic vessel?

A) It has thick walls
B) It has one-way values that prevent backflow
C) Most are located near the arterial system
D) It begin as large closed-ended lymphatic arteries

Question 12

Which artery connects with the circle of Willis to provide oxygenated blood to the brain?

A) Common carotid artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Right vertebral artery
D) Left vertebral artery

Question 13

The nurse is reviewing the process of hepatic portal circulation with a client. Which information about the hepatic portal circulation is accurate?

A) It is a subdivision of pulmonary circulation
B) It efficiently detours arterial circulation
C) It is unique because it begins and ends with capillaries
D) Capillaries from the stomach, intestine, spleen, and pancreas empty into the arteries

Question 14

The nurse is reviewing the normal changes in the hematologic and lymphatic systems caused by aging. Which information is should the nurse share with an audience of older adults at the senior citizen center? Select all that apply.

A) Hematopoiesis may decline because of loss of active bone marrow
B) Number of platelets may slightly increase because fibrogen levels increase
C) White blood cells production typically decreases with an increased incidence of infection
D) Blood volume is reduced owing to decreased muscle mass and metabolic rate
E) Number of coagulation factors increase

Question 15

The nurse should monitor for which signs and symptoms of an allergic response?

A) Vasodilation, edema, and itching
B) Vascular spasm or vasoconstriction
C) Spontaneous platelet plug formation
D) Coagulation process for a fibrin clot

Question 16

Which property of blood differentiates it from other connective tissues?

A) Cells are heavier and more viscous than water.
B) Despite being a liquid, it possesses an adhesive quality.
C) Cells are not fixed, but move freely in the liquid portion.
D) Although the composition is the same, the protein content is lower.

Question 17

Which symptom is specifically related to tonsillitis?

A) Difficulty swallowing
B) Headache
C) Swelling and pain behind the ear
D) Difficulty breathing unless sitting upright

Question 18

What is the first step in the formation of a blood clot?

A) Prothrombin activator starts to react with additional calcium ions.
B) Platelets break down and cause the release of thromboplastin.
C) Thrombin converts the plasma protein fibrinogen into threads.
D) The threads of fibrin form a net to entrap red blood cells and platelets.

Question 19

What factor can lead to the blood being unable to clot?

A) Low levels of globulin synthesized by the body
B) Decrease in the release of chemical mediators
C) Release of immature neutrophils by bone marrow
D) Deficiency in any of the major coagulant substance