Deck 8: America Secedes from the Empire, 1775-1783

Question 1

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Ticonderoga

Answer 1

2

Question 2

The Olive Branch Petition  

A) was passed by Parliament.
B) was an expression of King George III's desire for peace.
C) promised no treason charges if colonists stopped fighting.
D) was an attempt by the colonists to gain support of Native Americans.
E) was an effort by the Continental Congress to seek a political accommodation with King George III and prevent further hostilities with British military authorities.

Answer 2

was an effort by the Continental Congress to seek a political accommodation with King George III and prevent further hostilities with British military authorities.

Question 3

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Bunker Hill

Answer 3

4

Question 4

King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion just after  

A) the armed clash at Lexington and Concord.
B) the First Continental Congress convened.
C) the Battle of Bunker Hill.
D) Benedict Arnold's forces' captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point.
E) hiring Hessian solders to fight in America.

Question 5

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Philadelphia

Question 6

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Trenton

Question 7

Perhaps the most important single action of the Second Continental Congress was to  

A) select George Washington to head the army.
B) draft new appeals to the king.
C) adopt measures to raise money.
D) postpone an immediate demand for independence.
E) support independence.

Question 8

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Long Island

Question 9

The colonial army eventually lost the Battle of Bunker Hill because its troops were  

A) outnumbered.
B) short of gunpowder.
C) poorly organized.
D) poor shots.
E) lacking in courage.

Question 10

Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A)Battle of Bunker Hill, (B)convening of the Second Continental Congress, (C)publication of Common Sense, and (D)adoption of the Declaration of Independence.  

A) B, C, A, D
B) A, B, C, D
C) A, C, D, B
D) C, D, A, B
E) A, B, D, C

Question 11

When the Second Continental Congress met in 1775  

A) its members felt a strong desire for independence.
B) it cut off communications with the British government.
C) it continued to stall on the creation of an army and navy.
D) there was no well-defined sentiment for independence.
E) the conservative element was weakened.

Question 12

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Yorktown

Question 13

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Albany

Question 14

The Revolutionary War began with fighting in ____; then in 1777-1778, fighting was concentrated in ____; and the fighting concluded in ____.  

A) the South, the middle colonies, New England
B) the middle colonies, New England, the South
C) New England, the South, the middle colonies
D) New England, the middle colonies, the South
E) the middle colonies, the South, New England

Question 15

As commander of America's Revolutionary army, George Washington exhibited all of the following except  

A) unparalled strategic military genius.
B) personal courage.
C) a sense of justice.
D) moral force and self-discipline.
E) patience and loyalty to the Patriot cause.

Question 16

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Princeton

Question 17

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Valley Forge

Question 18

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Newport

Question 19

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Charleston

Question 20

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The American Revolutionary War in the North and the South, 1775-1781

____ Saratoga

Question 21

Arrange these battles in chronological order: (A)Trenton, (B)Saratoga, (C)Long Island, and (D)Charleston.  

A) B, C, A, D
B) C, A, B, D
C) C, B, A, D
D) C, B, D, A
E) A, B, C, D

Question 22

The Declaration of Independence did all of the following except  

A) invoke the natural rights of humankind to justify revolt.
B) catalog the tyrannical actions of King George III.
C) argue that royal tyranny justified revolt.
D) offer the British one last chance at reconciliation.
E) accuse the British of violating the natural rights of the Americans.

Question 23

The Loyalists who continued to support the crown after independence had been declared were more likely to be all of the following except  

A) well educated.
B) from among the older generation.
C) affiliated with the Anglican Church.
D) from New England.
E) wealthy.

Question 24

Loyalists made up about ____ percent of the American people.  

A) 8
B) 16
C) 28
D) 39
E) 52

Question 25

Some Patriots responded to Paine's vision of an ultra-democratic American republic in all of the following ways except

A) by enthusiastically embracingcivic virtuefundamental to realizing Paine's republican vision for America.
B) by favoring the creation of a republic ruled by a "natural aristocracy" of talented elites.
C) by cautioning that the fervor for liberty would overwhelm the stability of the social order.
D) by affirming that the collective overall good of the "people" should matter more than the private rights and interests of individuals.
E) by wholly supporting a radical upheaval on the social classes, leaving poorer farmers, tenants, and laboring classes with enhanced political and economic influence.

Question 26

Colonists considered the British use of European mercenaries, Hessians, as paid soldiers  

A) a smart strategy.
B) to be an extreme, unwarranted, and unpatriotic utilization of foreign nationals in this conflict between American colonists and their British cousins.
C) a pathetic way to build an army.
D) a sign of British desperation.
E) none of these choices are correct.

Question 27

The following were purposes of Jefferson's Declaration of Independence except ​
 

A) enlist other British colonies in the Americas to support the cause of American independence.
B) ask for an end to slavery throughout America.
C) invite assistance from foreign nations.
D) explain to the rest of the world why the colonies had revolted.
E) rally military, political, and economic resistance to British rule in America.

Question 28

The resolution that "These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states..." was introduced into the Second Continental Congress by Virginia delegate  

A) Patrick Henry.
B) Thomas Jefferson.
C) Richard Henry Lee.
D) Thomas Paine.
E) John Adams.

Question 29

Most Americans considered which of the following to be fundamental for any successful republican government?  

A) A wealthy class to govern
B) The primacy of the property rights of individuals
C) Primacy of the interests of individuals
D) Retention of a constitutional monarchy
E) Civic virtue

Question 30

General William Howe did not pursue and defeat George Washington's army after the Battle of Long Island for all of the following reasons except  

A) he remembered the slaughter of Bunker Hill.
B) the country was rough.
C) supplies were slow in coming.
D) he did not relish the rigors of a winter campaign.
E) he lacked sufficient naval support.

Question 31

Which individual privately advocated equality for women?  

A) Betsy Ross
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) Martha Washington
D) Benjamin Franklin
E) Abigail Adams

Question 32

Examples of colonial experience with self-governance, which prepared Americans for a republic, included all of the following except  

A) New England town meetings.
B) committees of correspondence.
C) militia service.
D) the relative equality of landowning farmers.
E) the absence of a hereditary aristocracy.

Question 33

The basic military strategy of the British in 1777 was to try to  

A) control the entire Delaware Valley.
B) to cede the West as a minor, unimportant geographical region which lacked Indian allies who could help cause difficulties for Americans in the western areas.
C) sever New England from the rest of the states and paralyze the American cause.
D) hold allthe colonialcities and let colonists control the countryside.
E) isolate the South with an early, lightning invasion of all of the southern colonies.

Question 34

To help the British, colonial Loyalists did all of the following except  

A) fight for the British.
B) serve as spies.
C) pay extra taxes to fund the war.
D) keep Patriot soldiers at home to protect their families.
E) galvanized support for the British cause fromIndian tribes.

Question 35

Which of these is not a true statement about African Americans' support of the Loyalist cause?  

A) Some believed the British would grant them freedom from slavery.
B) Those who fled to British lines served as soldiers, servants, workers and spies.
C) The British used them in all-black regiments battling the Patriots.
D) Thousands of black Loyalist supporters were promised and given parcels of land in exchange for service.
E) Some were sold back into slavery after the war ended.

Question 36

The Patriot militia played a crucial role in the Revolution in all of the following ways except

A) taking up the task of political education.
B) raising funds to support the war effort.
C) convincing people that the British army was an unreliable friend.
D) mercilessly harassing small British detachments.
E) as effective agents of Revolutionary ideas.

Question 37

Jefferson was selected to draft the Declaration of Independence because  

A) he volunteered.
B) he was already recognized as a brilliant writer.
C) the other members of the Continental Congress were all busy with other tasks.
D) he believed the colonies' independence should be celebrated with fireworks each year.
E) he was a renowned Virginia newspaperman.

Question 38

In March 1776, this event is still celebrated today and it is known as Evacuation Day.What happened on this day?  

A) Capture of Ft. Ticonderoga
B) Retreat of Bunker Hill
C) Signing of the Olive Branch Petition
D) Capture of Quebec
E) British evacuation of Boston

Question 39

Match each British or American general below with the battle or military campaign in which he was most notably involved as the British or American military leader.
A.William Howe
B.John Burgoyne
C.Charles Cornwallis
D.Nathanael Greene
1)Saratoga
2)Yorktown
3)Long Island
4)Carolina campaign

A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
C) A-3, B-4,C-2, D-1
D) A-4,B-1, C-2, D-3
E) A-4,C-1, B-2, D-3

Question 40

The colonists delayed declaring their independence until July 4, 1776, for all of the following reasons except  

A) lack of military victories.
B) support for the tradition of loyalty to the empire.
C) the realization that the colonies were not united.
D) fear of British military reprisals.
E) a continued belief that America was part of the transatlantic community.

Question 41

Match each individual below with the correct descriptive phrase.
A.George Rogers Clark
B.Nathanael Greene
C.John Paul Jones
1)commanded the Patriot invasion of Canada
2)commanded Patriot troops in the South
3)commanded Patriot troops in the West 
4)commanded Patriot naval forces

A) A-4, B-3, C-l
B) A-2, B-1, C-4
C) A-3, B-2, C-4
D) A-1, B-4, C-3
E) A-4, B-3, C-2

Question 42

The Armed Neutrality League was started by  

A) Louis XIV of France.
B) Charles V of Spain.
C) Catherine the Great of Russia.
D) King Leopold of Belgium.
E) George III of Britain.

Question 43

Britain gave America generous terms in the Treaty of Paris because British leaders  

A) realized that they had been beaten badly.
B) wanted to help Spain as well.
C) had changed from Whig to Tory.
D) were trying to persuade America to abandon its alliance with France.
E) feared continued war might lead to a loss of their Latin American colonies.

Question 44

The Treaty of Fort Stanwix, the first treaty between the United States and an Indian nation, resulted in  

A) the ceding of most of the Iroquois' land.
B) an end to the practice of scalping.
C) the slowing of the westward movement of pioneers.
D) the renunciation by the Oneidas and the Tuscaroras of their support for the British.
E) turning over the hair buyers for prosecution.

Question 45

The commander of French troops in America was  

A) Rochambeau.
B) Lafayette.
C) de Grasse.
D) Burgoyne.
E) Howe.

Question 46

Some Indian nations joined the British during the Revolutionary War because  

A) the British threatened them with destruction if they did not help.
B) they believed that a British victory would restrain American expansion into the West.
C) the British hired them as mercenaries.
D) they were bound by treaties.
E) they believed that the British would restore them to their original territorial possessions.

Question 47

When the alliance with France was formalized, the Americans were able to gain all of the following except  

A) access to large sums of money.
B) double the size of their fighting forces.
C) avail themselves of French naval strength.
D) immense amounts of equipment.
E) a negotiated peace treaty with the British.

Question 48

The most important contribution of the seagoing privateers during the Revolutionary War was that they  

A) gained control of the sea for the colonists.
B) successfully invaded the British West Indies.
C) captured hundreds of British merchant ships.
D) fought the British navy to a standstill.
E) made reliance on the French unnecessary.

Question 49

Shortly after French troops arrived in America, the resulting improvement in morale staggered when  

A) America discovered the true reasons motivating France's assistance.
B) General Benedict Arnold turned traitor.
C) General Nathanael Greene lost Georgia to the British.
D) the French began to win battles that the Americans had been unable to win.
E) the Armed Neutrality League sided with Britain.

Question 50

The basic principles of the Model Treaty and the new philosophy behind American international affairs entailed all of the following except

A) an idealistic hope that the bonds of mutual commercial interests would guarantee peaceful relations among nations.
B) an idealistic hope that the American Revolution would mark a turning point in history that would signal the end of military conflict among nations, which would heretofore focus on fostering commerical relations among each other.
C) a rejection of the realpolitiksystem of political diplomacy practiced by Great Britain and the European states.
D) an attempt to downplay and deemphasize the importance of building and sustaining economic connections in international diplomacy.
E) an idealistic effort to uphold the rule of law, free trade, and freedom of the seas as guiding principles in international affairs.

Question 51

After the British defeat at Yorktown  

A) the fighting continued for more than a year.
B) the war ended within a month.
C) the French withdrew their assistance as it was no longer needed.
D) King George III decided to end the struggle.
E) Spain finally entered the war on the U.S. side.

Question 52

The Indian chief who fought for the British in New York and Pennsylvania was  

A) Seneca.
B) Pontiac.
C) Joseph Brant.
D) King Philip.
E) Cowpens.

Question 53

During the Revolution, the western frontier saw much fighting, which  

A) slowed the westward advance of the pioneers.
B) caused most of the Indians to join the colonists' cause against the British.
C) led to George Rogers Clark's downfall as a military leader.
D) failed to stem the tide of westward-moving pioneers.
E) ultimately led Benedict Arnold to go over to the British.

Question 54

French aid to the colonies did all of the following except  

A) greatly aided America's struggle for independence.
B) was motivated by what the French considered to be their own national interests.
C) forced the British to change their military strategy in America.
D) helped them protect their own West Indies islands.
E) allowed American forces to focus only on the southern theater.

Question 55

The colonists suffered their heaviest losses of the Revolutionary War at the Battle of  

A) Charleston.
B) Cowpens.
C) Valley Forge.
D) Long Island.
E) Brandywine Creek.

Question 56

The basic principles in the Model Treaty  

A) were considered old-fashioned and outdated.
B) were viewed as naive, highly idealistic, and utopian by experienced practicioners of international diplomacy in Great Britain and Europe.
C) were not popular among most enlightened figures in America.
D) held that military conflict would still determine international relations among countries.
E) infused an element of realism into American attitudes toward international affairs that proved short-sighted and inconsistent.

Question 57

Who was the American diplomat that negotiated the Model Treaty with France?  

A) John Adams
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) Thomas Paine
D) Benjamin Franklin
E) Patrick Henry

Question 58

Regarding the provisions and implementation of the Treaty of Paris 1783, formally ending the American Revolutionary War

A) America faithfully adhered to each provision in the treaty's postwar implementation.
B) France was extremely pleased with the western boundary results for America.
C) America broke the assurances regarding treatment of the Loyalist property and repayment of debts owed to British creditors.
D) Spain gained all the land in North America it wanted.
E) Great Britain failed to demonstrate generosity and geopolitical acumen in negotiating the final northern, western, and southern boundaries of the newly created United States of America.

Question 59

American diplomats to the peace negotiations in Paris in 1782-1783 were instructed by the Second Continental Congress to  

A) accept any British offer that would essentially return British-American relations to their pre-1763 status.
B) demand British cession of the trans-Allegheny West to the colonies.
C) get the colonies out of their obligations under the Franco-American alliances.
D) consult with the colonies' French allies and make no separate peace arrangements with the British.
E) follow the lead of Spain, not France.

Question 60

France came to America's aid in the Revolution because  

A) French officials supported the cause of democracy.
B) it hoped to gain access to the American fur trade.
C) it perceived that succesfully assisting the American cause could lead to achieving their ultimate goal of breaking up the British Empire.
D) it could use America to test new military tactics.
E) its new alliance with Britain would be a surprise to both militaries.

Question 61

Why do you believe that Abigail Adams's plea to her husband, Massachusetts Patriot and future President John Adams, to extend to women the revolutionary principles of political liberty and equality largely failed to be heeded by American Patriots of the Revolutionary era,? What accounts for the limited application of the revolutionary ideas of equality and liberty to American women during the Revolutionary era, despite an assertion of the "universality"of these two democratic principles by Thomas Jefferson in his lofty and defiant Declaration of Independence, approved by Congress on July 4, 1776?

Question 62

Assess the validity of the following claim, "the British 'lost' the Revolutionary War more than the Americans 'won' it."

Question 63

The Treaty of Paris in 1783 stipulated  

A) British recognition of American independence.
B) establishment of the boundaries of the new United States from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River between the Great Lakes and Spanish Florida.
C) that Americans allow British collection of prewar debts from colonists.
D) that Americans cease persecution of Loyalists.
E) that Loyalists should have their confiscated property restored.

Question 64

Colonists had debated with Parliament and protested its actions since 1763.Why, then, did the Declaration of Independence single out King George III as the tyrant threatening their liberties?

Question 65

Write your definition of loyalty.Then explain why the Loyalists were held in such low regard and treated with abuse during the Revolutionary War.

Question 66

The combat of the Revolutionary War began in the spring of 1775.Why did colonists wait until the summer of 1776 to declare independence?

Question 67

List the three most important battles of the Revolutionary War.Justify your selections.

Question 68

George Washington was chosen commander of the colonial armies because he  

A) was widely recognized as a military genius.
B) had been a successful militia commander in the recent French and Indian war.
C) was from a southern colony.
D) was a colonial aristocrat.
E) was a symbol and rallying point.

Question 69

When the Second Continental Congress convened  

A) delegates attended from all thirteen colonies.
B) the strongest sentiment was for declaring independence from England.
C) it adopted measures to raise money and create an army and navy.
D) it drafted new written appeals to the king.
E) the conservatives remained a strong force.

Question 70

The British decided to negotiate an end to the Revolutionary War because  

A) they were crushed by the failure of their army at Yorktown.
B) there were indications that the Americans might settle for peace terms short of complete independence.
C) they were suffering heavy military losses against the French and Spanish elsewhere.
D) the new Whig British ministry now in power was more pro-American than the previous Tory government.
E) they appreciated that Britain's geopolitical priority was to prevent France from obtaining enhanced political and economic influence in North America through their new alliance with the United States.

Question 71

It is legitimate to claim that the triumph at Yorktown "was no less French than American" because  

A) Washington turned execution of the campaign over to French commanders.
B) the French supplied all the seapower.
C) French troops made up half the besieging army.
D) the British commander agreed to surrender to French officers but not to American troops.
E) France paid the American soldiers' salaries.

Question 72

Many historians argue that without French aid, the colonies could never have won their independence.Do you agree or disagree? Why?

Question 73

Historians have argued for many years over why the Revolution occurred.In your opinion, what school of thought is the most convincing, and why?

Question 74

New York was chosen as the base of British operations because  

A) of its splendid seaport.
B) of its central location.
C) of the probability of support there from colonists who opposed independence.
D) New York City was the colonial capital.
E) it was the only seaport they were able to capture.

Question 75

What qualities in George Washington made him a good choice for commanding the Revolutionary army? What were his most valuable contributions to independence?

Question 76

Explain why the text's authors conclude that the Franco-American alliance was "not prompted by a love for America but by a realistic concern for the interests of France." In what ways did the French contribute to colonial independence?

Question 77

During the Revolutionary War, the British captured and occupied  

A) New York City.
B) Charleston.
C) Philadelphia.
D) Boston.
E) St. Augustine.

Question 78

Account for the widespread and enthusiastic colonial reception of Thomas Paine's Common Sense.