Question 1

There are a wide variety of approaches to data collection that may be utilized in occupational therapy (OT), including observations, interviews, self-reported measures, standardized tests and performance measures.

True

Accepted Answer

Occupational therapy utilizes a comprehensive approach to assess and treat individuals, employing various data collection methods such as observations, interviews, self-reported measures, standardized tests, and performance measures to gather accurate and relevant information for effective intervention planning.

Question 2

Utilizing an existing validated measure for data collection (versus developing your own measure) allows increased generalizability and provides an existing conceptual foundation.

Accepted Answer

Using an existing validated measure ensures that the data collected can be more easily compared across different studies, enhancing generalizability. Additionally, these measures come with a conceptual foundation that has been tested and refined, providing a solid basis for further research.

Question 3

Researchers must ensure that participants are clear in their understanding of the limits of the researcher's role and the availability of their care; therefore, researchers should avoid establishing rapport with participants or responding empathically during interactions.

False

Accepted Answer

Establishing rapport and responding empathically are essential for ethical research practices, as they help ensure participants feel respected, understood, and comfortable, which is crucial for informed consent and the integrity of the research process.

Question 4

The methodological rigor of data collection depends on whether there is evidence in the literature that a quantitative instrument is valid and reliable or that a qualitative strategy is trustworthy.

Accepted Answer

The methodological rigor of data collection in both quantitative and qualitative research depends on the validity, reliability, or trustworthiness of the instruments or strategies used, which is often established through evidence in the literature.

Question 5

Professional and ethical considerations ensure safe and humane treatment of research participants.

Accepted Answer

Professional and ethical considerations are fundamental in research to protect the rights, dignity, and welfare of participants, ensuring they are treated with respect and care throughout the research process.

Question 6

A disadvantage of standardized tests and performance measures is that they are not all cross-cultural in nature and may not be relevant to all sociodemographic and sociocultural groups.

Accepted Answer

Standardized tests and performance measures often fail to account for cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic differences among test-takers, leading to potential biases and irrelevant or unfair assessments for individuals from diverse backgrounds.

Question 7

Medical records can be used to extract a wide range of information that might be important to a researcher when using a historical preexisting documents review approach. Typically, this does not require any informed consent or institutional review board (IRB) approval.

Accepted Answer

While medical records can indeed provide valuable information for research, using them typically requires informed consent or a waiver of consent and approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) to ensure the protection of patient privacy and compliance with ethical standards and regulations such as HIPAA in the United States.

Question 8

If subject burden is unduly high in a study, it will likely lead to low participation rates and high dropout rates.

Accepted Answer

High subject burden in a study, which can include extensive time commitments, discomfort, or complex tasks, often results in lower participation rates and higher dropout rates as potential and current participants may find the demands of the study too challenging or inconvenient.

Question 9

Which of the following would not be an aim of data collection when employing a qualitative observation approach?&#10;A) Remain as objective as possible in gathering/recording the data.&#10;B) Ensure the observer has integrated into the group.&#10;C) Prevent artificiality or other changes in subjects' behavior due to the presence of the observer.&#10;D) Take precautionary measures to ensure the reliability and validity involved in recording the data.

Accepted Answer

The aim of ensuring the observer has integrated into the group aligns more with participant observation, a specific method within qualitative research, rather than a general aim of all qualitative observation approaches. The primary focus of qualitative observation is to understand phenomena in their natural settings, emphasizing the importance of the observer's objectivity, minimizing the observer's influence on participants, and ensuring the reliability and validity of the data collected.

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the steps typically taken by researchers to plan and implement data collection?&#10;A) Selecting instruments and procedures for data collection&#10;B) Developing a data collection plan&#10;C) Selecting and preparing personnel for data collection&#10;D) Choosing a population of interest

Accepted Answer

Choosing a population of interest is typically part of the research design phase, which precedes the planning and implementation of data collection. The other options (A, B, C) are direct steps in planning and implementing data collection.

Question 11

The selection of instruments and procedures for data collection should include all of the following considerations except for:&#10;A) The relevance and sufficiency of the information able to be gathered to answer the study question&#10;B) The availability of norms or criteria for interpreting the information gathered&#10;C) The type of data the instrument or strategy will yield&#10;D) The ease with which data may be collected, allowing for obtaining the most data in the least amount of time

Accepted Answer

The answer of The selection of instruments and procedures for...

Question 12

When selecting personnel for data collection, which of the following would not likely be a primary consideration?&#10;A) Choosing data collectors who share similarities in personality and temperament with the primary investigator to promote consistent communications&#10;B) Choosing data collectors who have good clinical judgment, as well as interpersonal and observational skills&#10;C) Choosing data collectors who have adequate training and experience as required for study procedures&#10;D) Choosing data collectors who share similarities in language, age, racial or ethnic background, and disability status with participants

Accepted Answer

The answer of When selecting personnel for data collection, which...

Deck 22: Collecting Quantitative Data