Deck 10: Humanitarian Concerns

Question 1

Biafra is most commonly associated with

A) Famine.
B) Chemical pollution.
C) Genocide.
D) Overpopulation.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Incidents or continuing problems threatening the health, safety, security, and well-being of many, usually in a distinct geographic area, are called

A) Humanitarian crises.
B) International misery.
C) Global crises.
D) Geocrises.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the three fundamental principles of humanitarian policies?

A) Humanity.
B) Impartiality.
C) Independence.
D) Humanism.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT characterize humanitarian interventions?

A) The actions of foreign powers in a humanitarian crisis with or without the approval of a legal authority.
B) The attempt to eliminate the sources of the crisis.
C) In natural catastrophes, most governments usually refuse foreign aid and rescue groups.
D) Countries can choose to participate or to not get involved in international humanitarian actions.

Question 5

Which is NOT a biological agent that causes infectious disease?

A) Viruses.
B) Bacteria.
C) Parasites.
D) Membranes.

Question 6

About _____ people have died from AIDS.

A) 2 million.
B) 700,000.
C) 36 million.
D) 3 billion.

Question 7

Which of the following is not an example of a pandemic?

A) Ebola.
B) Cancer.
C) Black Death.
D) AIDS.

Question 8

India was ravaged by _____ in the 1990s.

A) The plague.
B) Typhus.
C) Cholera.
D) Ebola.

Question 9

Chronic malnutrition is MOST likely to lead to

A) Distress and aggression.
B) Hunger and starvation.
C) Anger and rebellion.
D) Hallucinations and irresponsible actions.

Question 10

Which of the following countries did NOT experience a famine in the twentieth century?

A) India.
B) Russia.
C) China.
D) United States.

Question 11

The UN WFP stands for.

A) Worldwide Food Partnership.
B) World Food Programme.
C) Women's Food Plan.
D) Water and Food Programme.

Question 12

Civilians in conflict-struck Darfur are NOT likely to

A) Develop stress-related disorders.
B) Be raped or physically abused.
C) Avoid psychological trauma.
D) Be exposed to physical injuries.

Question 13

The ethnic groups Tutsis and Hutus fought against each other in which country?

A) Congo.
B) Tunisia.
C) Rwanda.
D) Algeria.

Question 14

Mismanagement, a lack of resources, rampant corruption, and political violence ____ humanitarian problems and ____ their solution.

A) Alleviate . . . speed up.
B) Worsen . . . delay.
C) Help . . . stall.
D) Stop . . . enhance.

Question 15

In the twentieth century alone, an estimated _____ people died from natural disasters, including droughts, floods, and earthquakes.

A) 70 million.
B) 2 million.
C) 850,000.
D) 450,000.

Question 16

The 1930s collectivization process in the Soviet Union was characterized by

A) Peasants forced to join collective farms.
B) Farmers collecting additional taxes from neighboring villages.
C) Abundant harvests resulting from industrialization of agricultural practices.
D) High levels of worker productivity.

Question 17

The Tamil Tigers fight in

A) Sri Lanka.
B) Tibet.
C) Somalia.
D) Congo.

Question 18

About 40 percent of the world's poor live in

A) The Middle East.
B) Sub-Saharan Africa.
C) Southeast Asia.
D) South America.

Question 19

This country is home to one-fourth of the world's poor:

A) China.
B) Bangladesh.
C) Nigeria.
D) India.

Question 20

When a high concentration of people cannot obtain the minimum conditions to sustain a reasonable quality of life, the situation is termed

A) Population overkill.
B) Population bomb.
C) Overpopulation.
D) Overcrowding.

Question 21

Violence, hardship, or the threat of these can also displace people within or across state borders in search of asylum, or a place of safety. This is called

A) Voluntary immigration.
B) Involuntary migration.
C) Persecution.
D) Forced relocation.

Question 22

Involuntary migrants fleeing from one country to another are called

A) Asylum seekers.
B) Legal immigrants.
C) Refugees.
D) Guest workers.

Question 23

In 2019 there were 16 peacekeeping missions worldwide, but not in this country:

A) Afghanistan.
B) Kosovo.
C) Liberia.
D) Iran.

Question 24

In 2011 NATO intervened militarily in Libya, arguing that the action was a form of

A) Relief effort.
B) Humanitarian intervention.
C) Crisis prevention.
D) Refugee policy.

Question 25

After observing the horrible experience in Biafra, a French physician started

A) Doctors without Borders.
B) The UN World Food Program.
C) The Food and Agricultural Organization.
D) The Red Cross.

Question 26

The American Relief Administration gave help to

A) European countries after World War I.
B) Central European Countries after the implosion of the Soviet Union.
C) Asia after several tsunamis in the early 2000s.
D) Africa after the Arab Spring started.

Question 27

UN adviser and Columbia University professor Jeffrey Sachs, author of The End of Poverty, argues that the most effective way to end poverty in poor countries is to

A) Encourage poor countries to export agricultural products, minerals, and timber.
B) Have rich countries make large investments in poor countries.
C) Require rich countries to give large sums of money to the governments of poor countries.
D) Force poor countries to enact one-child policies to help control population sizes.

Question 28

How does the Grameen Bank operate without solid financial guarantees?

A) It has strong international creditors.
B) It only worked in the beginning, but failed eventually.
C) It is based on community building.
D) It uses credit sharks.

Question 29

The Grameen Bank founded in Bangladesh is closely associated with

A) Funding large development projects.
B) Providing microcredit loans.
C) Advocating for strict population controls.
D) Encouraging investment in high technology.

Question 30

In the United States and most European nations, asylum was long granted to people who are already in the country and unable or unwilling to return home because of a well-founded fear of persecution. This statement

A) Used to be true, but laws have become more stringent.
B) Is still largely true.
C) Remains true, but regulations might change in the future.
D) Has been false since the end of the Cold War.

Question 31

Starting in 2015, Europe has struggled with a refugee crisis, with most refugees coming from

A) Africa and Russia.
B) Russia and South Asia.
C) The Middle East and India.
D) The Middle East and Africa.

Question 32

Refugees flooding into Europe from the Mediterranean in 2015 were most intent on reaching

A) France.
B) Britain.
C) Sweden.
D) Germany.

Question 33

In the realist view, states have ______resolving humanitarian crises within their territory.

A) A limited interest in.
B) Primary responsibility for.
C) Serious problems.
D) No interest in.

Question 34

Realists believe all of the following about humanitarian interventions, EXCEPT

A) A country may intervene if a foreign humanitarian crisis directly affects its sovereignty or security.
B) States may intervene in humanitarian crises if the crises cause regional destabilization.
C) Humanitarian interventions may create security dilemmas.
D) Preventing genocides and curbing genocidal autocrats must be a priority.

Question 35

Liberalism emphasizes not only _______in humanitarian interventions.

A) Dangers but also opportunities.
B) Drawbacks but also difficult challenges.
C) Discrepancies but also overlap.
D) Benefits but also costs.

Question 36

______ states that human beings, regardless of their origin and social status, are morally responsible to help those who suffer.

A) Feminism.
B) Marxism.
C) Humanitarianism.
D) Realism.

Question 37

R2P stands for

A) Reason to persecute.
B) Revenge to prisoners.
C) Revolution to free Pakistan.
D) Responsibility to protect.

Question 38

Global governance calls for all of the following, EXCEPT

A) A decreased role for NGOs.
B) Equality among states.
C) Mutual interdependence.
D) Universal jurisdiction.

Question 39

Global governance is global cooperation with ______ power to enforce compliance.

A) Full.
B) Little or no.
C) Strong but uncertain.
D) Punctual.

Question 40

According to the constructivist view of humanitarian policies, ______are inseparable from the international context.

A) Perceptions.
B) Military powers.
C) Financial resources.
D) Global power structures.

Question 41

In The Wretched of the Earth, Frantz Fanon ____ European humanism as a model for the Third World.

A) Praises.
B) Prescribes.
C) Rejects.
D) Questions.

Question 42

Which of the following was widespread during the conflicts in India, Latin America, and Africa?

A) Chinese military support.
B) Rape.
C) Immediate relief thanks to international humanitarian intervention.
D) Influenza.

Question 43

Which secretary general of the United Nations became an advocate of R2P?

A) Ban Ki-Moon.
B) Boutros Boutros-Ghali.
C) Kofi Annan.
D) U Thant.

Question 44

President Clinton's failure to stop genocide in ______ may have spurred him to success in stopping ethnic cleansing in _____.

A) Rwanda . . . Kosovo.
B) Darfur . . . Serbia.
C) Cambodia . . . Armenia.
D) Poland . . . Croatia.

Question 45

Many critics said the boundary between humanitarian assistance and military intervention was especially blurry in Western intervention in

A) Japan in 2011.
B) Indonesia in 2004.
C) Haiti in 2010.
D) Libya in 2011.

Question 46

By recent estimates, global spending on humanitarian aid is about ____each year.

A) $8 billion.
B) $27 billion.
C) $550 billion.
D) $940 billion.

Question 47

Which of the following is usually NOT a successful approach for humanitarian interventions?

A) A participatory approach.
B) Unilateral action.
C) Transparency and accountability.
D) Wealth creation.

Question 48

This celebrity helped convince rich nations to forgive $40 billion of debt owed by poor countries:

A) Angelina Jolie.
B) Bono.
C) Ben Affleck.
D) George Clooney.

Question 49

What is considered a humanitarian crisis?

Question 50

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

Question 51

Define the acronym R2P.

Question 52

Describe the term humanitarian sovereignty.

Question 53

What does AIDS stand for? Explain.

Question 54

Name and explain three causes of humanitarian problems.

Question 55

What does Biafra stand for?

Question 56

List and describe three factors for sustainable success of aid.

Question 57

What is the typical nature of a peacekeeping mission?

Question 58

Describe some of the challenges faced by internally displaced persons.

Question 59

Explain the goal and methods of Grameen Bank.

Question 60

What is the role of the WHO?

Question 61

Name a few reasons why AIDS has spread more rapidly in Africa than in the United States.

Question 62

Explain the concept of peacekeeping.

Question 63

When and why did Doctors without Borders start its work?

Question 64

Briefly describe a human trafficking scheme.

Question 65

Name at least three infectious diseases.

Question 66

What is involuntary migration?

Question 67

What are key problems often associated with overpopulation?

Question 68

Discuss the challenges of humanitarian interventions using a case study of your choice.

Question 69

Choosing an empirical case, explain and analyze the consequences of a pandemic outbreak.

Question 70

Relying on a constructivist perspective, examine and discuss the evolution of the AIDS pandemic in international relations.

Question 71

Comparing realist and liberalist views on humanitarian interventions, discuss the R2P concept in international relations and its evolution.

Question 72

Discuss the pros and cons of humanitarian assistance from a conflict theories viewpoint.

Question 73

Are you in favor of celebrity activism? Discuss.

Question 74

Write an essay about the feminist perspective on the causes and consequences of humanitarian challenges.

Question 75

How do different conflict theories explain the causes and consequences of humanitarian challenges?

Question 76

Compare, contrast, and analyze the realist, liberal, and constructivist approaches to dealing with humanitarian challenges.

Question 77

Selecting an empirical case of your choice, discuss the factors that leaders must weigh before providing humanitarian support to a country or region in need.

Question 78

Globalization supporters suggest that freer trade is a tool to alleviate poverty. Do you agree? Discuss.

Question 79

What are the pros and cons of celebrity actions to alleviate humanitarian challenges?