Deck 6: Understanding Ourselves and Others

Question 1

When we communicate, we are sending two types of messages: the obvious message and the hidden message, which are also known as the and messages.

A) content/relational
B) intimate/power
C) relational/social
D) expert/content

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Pam is the vice president of Welsh Oil. As the vice president, it is assumed that her comments and suggestions are given serious consideration during board meetings. Pam might have all the types of power listed below, but what kind does she have simply because of her position as vice president?

A) Legitimate power
B) Referent power
C) Reward power
D) Expert power

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Jessica feels trapped in her marriage to a man who makes all of her decisions. For years, Alex has made all of her decisions including how much money she can spend to what clothes to wear. Jessica has low self-esteem and feels like she has no say in her marriage. In regards to this relationship, Jessica feels

A) empowerment.
B) resentment.
C) powerless.
D) helpless.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When communicating with another person, the obvious message we send is also called the

A) relational message.
B) interpersonal message.
C) spiritual message.
D) content message.

Question 5

Betsy and her daughter, Emily, leaned on each other's shoulder while watching TV. This shared closeness is obviously not sexual but it is an example of intimacy.

A) physical
B) spiritual
C) intellectual
D) emotional

Question 6

Which stage of relationship development does a traditional wedding ceremony best fit?

A) Integrating
B) Differentiating
C) Circumscribing
D) Bonding

Question 7

Greta is very good at her job and her work ethic is impeccable. Her boss Frank criticizes her work regardless of her outstanding record. The other day, Frank told Greta that she needed to come in on Sunday, her day off, so that she could clean off his desk and balance his personal checkbook. He indicated that if she refused, he would fire her. What type of power is best represented by Frank in this interaction?

A) Referent
B) Legitimate
C) Expert
D) Coercive

Question 8

The stage is the first stage in Knapp's Relational Development Model and is characterized by safe topics and discussion held on the surface level.

A) integrating
B) terminating
C) initiating
D) experimenting

Question 9

Erica and Jamie have advanced to the stage in Knapp's Relational Development Model with their use of endearment terms such as "honey" and "sweetheart."

A) intensifying
B) integrating
C) initiating
D) experimenting

Question 10

The conscious decision to share information about ourselves with others is called

A) self-disclosure.
B) self-depreciation.
C) self-deprivation.
D) self-discussion.

Question 11

A square divided into four quadrants that is designed to be a visual presentation of the self is called

A) Interpersonal Needs Theory.
B) Johari Window.
C) Cost-Benefit Theory.
D) Self-Analysis Quadrant.

Question 12

Rather than shy away from social interaction, this type of individual, who feels extremely uncomfortable in group situations, pushes full-speed ahead as means of compensating for their anxiety.

A) Oversocial individual
B) Ideal individual
C) Undersocial individual
D) Autocratic individual

Question 13

According to Schutz, undersocial, oversocial, and ideal individuals all deal with the ________ need.

A) control
B) affection
C) inclusion
D) infliction

Question 14

Edward is a classic "fence sitter"; he waits until others communicate their positions before he shares his. What communication pattern associated with control needs does Edward exhibit?

A) Abdicrat
B) Autocrat
C) Democrat
D) Republican

Question 15

Mark doesn't know if he should stay with Maggie. She's really fun, she has a brilliant, analytical mind, and she has a wonderful eye for the artistic. However, she drinks a lot at social functions and loses her temper about trivial matters. The theory that helps determine whether Mark will stay with Maggie or will break their relationship off is called

A) Schutz's Theory of Interpersonal Needs.
B) Gibb Pairings.
C) Johari Window.
D) Cost-Benefit Theory.

Question 16

Albert wants to put a fence up for privacy whereas his neighbor, Jeannette, wants to leave the adjoining properties open so the children can run between the houses when they play. Albert and Jeannette have ___________ goals.

A) resolution
B) incompatible
C) compatible
D) expressed

Question 17

Passive aggression occurs when

A) we appear to be agreeable, but then act in a subtle, covert aggressive manner.
B) we refuse to acknowledge that a problem exists.
C) we minimize the importance of a problem.
D) either we or the other party use status to intimidate.

Question 18

When diffusing a conflict, we use _____ when we attempt to understand another person's position.

A) passive aggression
B) power
C) empathy
D) self-disclosure

Question 19

Mr. Fallon, the principal at the middle school where Theresa supervises the remedial reading program, has decided to cut the program's funding. Theresa feels intimidated by Mr. Fallon, mostly because of his recent announcement that this decision is final and there will be no further discussion about this matter. Mr. Fallon used------to prevent any type of conflict resolution with Theresa.

A) denial
B) status
C) aggression
D) suppression

Question 20

________ is healthy. Sometimes, we just want to "talk" about an issue and not have anyone respond immediately. We just want to let out our feelings.

Question 21

From what is legitimate power derived from?

Question 22

____________ power is defined as the "potential for changing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of others."

Question 23

The __________ theory suggests that people choose to maintain or exit relationships based on the rewards they receive within those relationships.

Question 24

According to Mark Knapp, a relationship is in the ________ stage of relationship development once two people decide to break up.

Question 25

Identify the four quadrants of the Johari window.

Question 26

Identify the four types of intimacy we can experience in our society.

Question 27

William Schutz developed a theory stating that everyone has three basic types of need in their interpersonal relationships. Identify these three needs.

Question 28

________ is an expressed struggle between two or more interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference from other parties in achieving their goals.

Question 29

Identify the five problems that one is faced with when dealing with conflicting situations.

Question 30

Interpersonal communication is an informal exchange and can occur between two people through dyadic communication as well as more than two people in small-group communication.

Question 31

Social power is the "potential for changing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of others."

Question 32

Yvonne is completing an internship at a public relations firm where Sharon is her boss. Yvonne's perception of Sharon's abilities is overwhelmingly positive. As their relationship grows, Yvonne finds that she wants to be like Sharon, and Sharon encourages Yvonne to choose a career in public relations. Sharon is exerting coercive power over Yvonne.

Question 33

Bonding and terminating are two stages in Knapp's Relational Development Model that usually immediately follow each other.

Question 34

The content message is usually sent nonverbally through tone of voice, body language, or use of space whereas the relational message is the obvious message.

Question 35

When self-disclosing to another, we look for someone whom we believe will be both a good listener and responsive to our needs.

Question 36

According to Mark Knapp, creator of the stages of relationship development, the terminating stage is inevitable, as all relationships eventually come to an end.

Question 37

Inclusion needs, according to Schutz, deal with our desire to be part of a group and lead to a division of people into three categories: underdeveloped individuals, overdeveloped individuals, and developed individuals.

Question 38

Three years ago, Mindy broke her neighbor's window with a baseball. Although this was an accident, Mindy has not admitted her mistake. Mindy's hidden quadrant would be the most predominate section in her Johari Window.

Question 39

On the day he was born, neither baby Ludwig nor his parents knew that he would be a musical protégé in the future. On that day, the unknown quadrant dominated Ludwig's Johari Window.

Question 40

Because he was uncertain about whether he should continue or exit the relationship, Evan made an inventory of all the things he liked and disliked about his partner Rudy. This technique of analyzing relationships is called Schutz's Theory of Interpersonal Needs.

Question 41

Martina's yelling makes Eric uncomfortable when there is a disagreement between the two. Although he has tried to discuss her style of communication and how he feels about it, Martina claims it is perfectly acceptable behavior. Martina is demonstrating the factor that generally contributes to conflict known as denial.

Question 42

Pat avoided the pitfall of getting too personal while talking to her co-worker about her decision to quit without giving two weeks' notice even though her coworker's decision was going to negatively affect Pat. Pat used the skill of keeping the discussion focused on the problem in order to avoid conflict in this situation.

Question 43

Randy makes more money than his wife Sandy. During disagreements, Randy uses money as a weapon in order to win the fight. Randy is using status to control Sandy.

Question 44

Pete just recovered from the flu but held some animosity toward his wife Janet because she didn't stay home from work to take care of him. Now, fighting the flu herself, Janet asked Pete to pick up her prescription from the pharmacy. Pete promised he would but when an old buddy dropped by the house, Pete "forgot" his promise and instead invited his friend out for breakfast. This is considered passive aggression.

Question 45

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Differentiating

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 46

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Bonding

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 47

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Avoiding

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 48

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Experimenting

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 49

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Initiating

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 50

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Integrating

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 51

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Intensifying

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 52

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Stagnating

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 53

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Circumscribing

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 54

Match the word or phrase with its meaning.
-Terminating

A) Marty begins Karate classes and Cindy starts Pilates at separate gyms.
B) Marty discloses that he loves Cindy. The two now consider themselves a couple.
C) Cindy takes Marty home to meet her parents.
D) Marty and Cindy file for divorce.
E) Marty cancels their planned trip together and Cindy wants to know why. Marty doesn't want to talk about it so he says he's just over loaded at work.
F) Marty and Cindy get married in front of their close friends and family.
G) Marty and Cindy are at a dance club but have not met each other yet.
H) After being introduced to Cindy, Marty talks about safe topics such as sports and the weather.
I) After ten dates, Marty and Cindy's exchanges have not progressed past the "small talk" stage.
J) Marty and Cindy realize it's too difficult and uncomfortable to be together so they spend little time
Together.
K) Tired of each other after ten years of marriage, Marty and Cindy are "going through the motions."

Question 55

Define intimacy. List the four types of intimacy and give an example for each.

Question 56

Define the different types of social power. Explain why it is important for two people in a relationship to feel empowered.

Question 57

Mark Knapp and Anita Vangelisti created a model for the development of relationships between close friends and romantic couples. Identify the stages in coming together and the stages in coming apart. Discuss how a relationship might not use every stage in the model.

Question 58

Discuss the skills we can use to deal with conflict in our relationships in order to attempt to reach to some kind of resolution.

Question 59

What is self-disclosure? List two reasons why people choose to self-disclose online. List two risks of self-disclosing too much information on the Internet. Suggest one action we can take to limit the information we share online.