Deck 37: Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation Dose

Question 1

If the output intensity of an x-ray machine is 0.064 mGy/mAs at 80 kVp, what is the patient's ESE for an exam done at 20 mAs at 80 kVp?

A) 1.6 mGy
B) 1.28 mGy
C) 0.64 mGy
D) 0.064 mGy

Answer 1

1.28 mGy

Question 2

Which of the following procedures has caused the most sentinel events?

A) Fluoroscopy
B) Cardiac catheterization
C) Interventional radiology
D) B and C

Answer 2

B and C

Question 3

If the radiographic technique for a KUB calls for 40 mAs, what is the ESD when the output intensity is 0.075 mGy/mAs?

A) 0.40 mGy
B) 0.475 mGy
C) 3 mGy
D) 30 mGy

Answer 3

3 mGy

Question 4

The most important variables in determining x-ray dose are the ______ and the _____. I. receptor speed
II) patient thickness
III) x-ray production efficiency
IV) technique used

A) I, III
B) I, II
C) II, IV
D) I, IV

Question 5

The simplest way to measure patient dose is to measure the __________________.

A) bone marrow dose
B) gonadal dose
C) entrance skin dose
D) genetically significant dose

Question 6

Acute skin effects from radiation exposure have been reported following _____ exams.

A) lumbar spine
B) GI fluoro
C) mammography
D) angiointerventional

Question 7

The radiation dose monitor most frequently used to measure patient exposure is the __________________________.

A) film badge
B) G-M meter
C) nomogram
D) thermoluminescent dosimeter

Question 8

For the average fluoroscopy exam the ESE is

A) 40 mGy/min.
B) 80 mGy/min.
C) 400 mGy/hr.
D) 250 mGy/hr.

Question 9

The genetically significant dose (GSD) for the population of the United States is about:

A) 1.00 mSv.
B) 0.80 mSv.
C) 0.40 mSv.
D) 0.20 mSv.

Question 10

The radiation dose absorbed by an organ such as bone marrow:

A) can be accurately measured by a direct method.
B) cannot be measured by a direct method; it can only be estimated.
C) is negligible for all diagnostic radiography examinations.
D) can only be measured to a small degree by a direct method.

Question 11

An estimation of patient dose is reported as _______________.

A) entrance skin exposure
B) bone marrow dose
C) gonadal dose
D) Any of the above

Question 12

The genetically significant dose for the general public is important because of the risk of _________________________.

A) increasing skin cancer
B) effects on the gene pool
C) damage to the fetus
D) All of the above

Question 13

The half-value layer (HVL) of projection x-rays in soft tissue is approximately how many centimeters?

A) 2 cm
B) 4 cm
C) 6 cm
D) 8 cm

Question 14

The mean marrow dose from diagnostic x-ray examinations averaged over the entire population of the United States is about:

A) 700 mrad/yr.
B) 500 mrad/yr.
C) 300 mrad/yr.
D) 100 mrad/yr.

Question 15

The approximate average bone marrow dose to the population of the United States is _____ mGy/yr.

A) 0.01
B) 0.1
C) 1
D) 10

Question 16

Patient skin exposure can be measured indirectly by using a ________________.

A) thermoluminescent dosimeter
B) nomogram
C) G-M counter
D) stop watch

Question 17

Digital radiographic tomosynthesis (DRT) utilizes how many exposures during the examination?

A) 2-6
B) 6-10
C) 11-14
D) 15-20

Question 18

Patient dose from diagnostic x-rays is most often reported in ____________________.

A) bone marrow dose
B) gonadal dose
C) entrance skin dose
D) None of the above

Question 19

Bone marrow dose is measured ______________________.

A) directly from bone marrow
B) as an estimate from ESE
C) as an estimate from gonadal dose
D) directly from the beam

Question 20

Mean marrow dose (MMD) is defined as:

A) the average radiation dose to the entire active bone marrow.
B) the average radiation dose to the entire body.
C) the average radiation dose to the extremities.
D) the average radiation dose to the trunk.