Question 1

Which one of the following statements about analyzing data in qualitative research is INCORRECT?&#10;A) There is much more subjectivity in the analysis of qualitative than quantitative data.&#10;B) Two or more individuals' interpretations are unlikely to be influenced by their biases.&#10;C) Two or more individuals can provide different points of view on the same data.&#10;D) Two or more individuals should initially analyze the data independently.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect. Two or more individuals' interpretations can be influenced by their biases. It is important to have multiple individuals analyze the data independently to minimize the impact of individual biases.

Question 2

According to the text, which way of reporting the level of agreement among the coders is superior?&#10;A) &#34;The inter-rater agreement was high&#34;.&#10;B) &#34;The independent raters have reached a superior rate of agreement&#34;.&#10;C) &#34;The rate of agreement between the coders was 92%&#34;.&#10;D) &#34;For the rates of agreement among the coders, see the table below&#34;.

Accepted Answer

Option C provides a clear and specific level of agreement among the coders, which is important for transparency and reproducibility. Option A is too vague, option B adds unnecessary language, and option D requires the reader to refer to an external table for information.

Question 3

Qualitative researchers are supposed to seek feedback from auditors before finalizing their results. Each type of person among those listed can be an auditor, EXCEPT:&#10;A) Somebody experienced in the realities covered in the study.&#10;B) Outside technical expert.&#10;C) A researcher not involved in the project.&#10;D) One of the researchers involved in the project.

Accepted Answer

One of the researchers involved in the project cannot be an auditor because they are not an external or independent source of feedback. They have already been involved in the research process and may have biases or vested interests in the results. It is important to seek feedback from individuals who can provide an objective perspective on the study findings. Therefore, options A, B, and C are all suitable for being an auditor.

Question 4

What is member checking in qualitative research?&#10;A) Members of the research team give initial feedback.&#10;B) Participants in the research give feedback on the preliminary results.&#10;C) Students in the class taught by the researcher are asked for initial feedback.&#10;D) Family members are asked for feedback on the preliminary results.

Accepted Answer

Member checking in qualitative research refers to the practice of involving participants in the research process to provide feedback on the accuracy and credibility of the data collected and analyzed by the researcher. This helps to ensure that the findings are representative of the participants' experiences and perspectives. Therefore, participants in the research give feedback on the preliminary results.

Question 5

Which one of the following statements correctly describes the reporting of data analysis in qualitative research?&#10;A) The researchers are supposed to name the method of analysis they have used.&#10;B) The researchers are supposed to provide further references about the method of analysis they have used.&#10;C) The researchers are supposed to explain in detail how the method was applied in their study.&#10;D) The researchers are supposed to provide the details of the method unless it is copyrighted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following statements correctly...

Question 6

It is important that qualitative researchers disclose their own backgrounds in the research report. Which of the following statements about this issue is INCORRECT?&#10;A) It is important that the researchers provide as much information as possible about their backgrounds.&#10;B) Specifically, backgrounds relevant to the variables investigated in the study should be disclosed.&#10;C) Such personal history or background might introduce personal points of view and biases.&#10;D) The reader can more knowledgeably assess if such biases have impacted the researcher's analysis of the data.

Accepted Answer

While it is important for qualitative researchers to disclose their backgrounds, especially aspects relevant to the study, suggesting that they provide "as much information as possible" about their backgrounds is incorrect. This is because the disclosure should be focused and relevant to the research context, rather than exhaustive and potentially overwhelming or irrelevant.

Question 7

In quantitative studies, ___ support the researchers' inferences. In qualitative studies, it is ___.&#10;A) statistics; quotations&#10;B) quotations; descriptions&#10;C) quotations; statistics&#10;D) statistics; numbers

Accepted Answer

In quantitative research, statistics are used to support the researchers' inferences because quantitative research deals with numerical data and statistical analysis. In qualitative research, quotations from participants are often used to support the researchers' inferences, as qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences through detailed descriptions and analysis of participants' perspectives.

Question 8

Thick descriptions in qualitative research are helpful for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT:&#10;A) They illustrate the interpretations of the researcher.&#10;B) They provide the emotional context of the situations.&#10;C) They allow the reader to feel the subjects' language.&#10;D) They give the reader the tools to conduct similar research.

Accepted Answer

Thick descriptions give a detailed account of the research setting, participants, and their experiences. They provide an in-depth understanding of the research phenomenon, which helps the reader connect with the study. However, thick descriptions do not necessarily give the reader the tools to conduct similar research but provide a deep understanding of the phenomenon being studied.

Question 9

What is the most appropriate use of statistics in qualitative research?&#10;A) Statistics are reported for the researchers' background.&#10;B) Statistics are reported for the demographics of the participants.&#10;C) Statistics are reported for the results of data analyses.&#10;D) Statistics are not reported in qualitative research.

Accepted Answer

Statistics in qualitative research are often used to report on the demographics of the participants to provide context and depth to the study, helping to understand the background and characteristics of the individuals involved.

Question 10

What is a useful suggestion given in the text about an optimal way to organize the presentation of qualitative research results?&#10;A) Statistics should be reported in a table.&#10;B) Statistics should be reported in a narrative.&#10;C) Subheadings should be used to break up a long text.&#10;D) Exclamation points should be used to break up a long text.

Accepted Answer

Subheadings are a helpful way to break up a large amount of text in a qualitative research presentation, making it easier for the audience to follow along and understand the information being presented. Options A and B pertain to reporting statistics, which may not be relevant or applicable in a qualitative research study. Option D suggests using exclamation points to break up text, which is not a professional or appropriate way to present research results.

Deck 11: Evaluating Analysis and Results Sections: Qualitative Research