Deck 8: Basic Bivariate Analysis

Question 1

Cross tabulation assesses the relationship between:

A) four variables with nominal measurement
B) four variables with ordinal measurement
C) two variables with nominal measurement
D) two variables with ordinal measurement

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A difference of means test found that the mean difference in GPA between male and female students is 0.06 with a p-value of 0.000. This could be interpreted as:

A) small in magnitude and statistically significant
B) small in magnitude and not statistically significant
C) large in magnitude and statistically significant
D) large in magnitude and not statistically significant

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The p-value can be defined as the probability of observing a result when the:

A) null hypothesis is false
B) null hypothesis is true
C) research hypothesis is false
D) research hypothesis is true

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A correlation coefficient of 0.9 between two variables can be interpreted as:

A) strong positive linear relationship
B) moderate positive linear relationship
C) no linear relationship
D) correlation coefficients cannot be greater than 0.5

Question 5

Most studies in the social sciences set the significance level of a hypothesis test at:

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 50%

Question 6

Which of the following investigates the relationships between two or more variables?

A) Data analysis
B) Descriptive statistics
C) Regression coefficient
D) Frequency distribution

Question 7

The null hypothesis for the difference of means test:

A) posits that there will be a significant difference in the averages for the dependent variable for two groups of the independent variable
B) posits that one group will have a higher average than another on the dependent variable
C) is always significant
D) posits that the difference in the averages for the dependent variable for two groups of the independent variable is 0

Question 8

The significance level is used to determine:

A) the threshold at which we would reject the null hypothesis
B) the probability of observing a particular result
C) if there is a relationship between the two variables
D) that two variables are not correlated in the general population

Question 9

Which of the following evaluates whether there is a difference in the averages between the two groupings of the dependent variable, based on variation in the independent variable in the sample you are using:

A) correlation coefficient
B) regression analysis
C) difference of means
D) summary statistics

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of bivariate analysis?

A) Descriptive statistics
B) Multiple regression analysis
C) Correlation coefficient
D) Summary statistics

Question 11

A correlation coefficient close to -1 implies:

A) an inverse relationship
B) a positive relationship
C) no correlation
D) a significant difference of means between two groups

Question 12

A correlation coefficient of 0 implies:

A) an inverse relationship
B) a positive relationship
C) no correlation
D) a significant difference of means between two groups

Question 13

A p-value greater than 0.05 would support:

A) the research hypothesis
B) the null hypothesis
C) a difference of means
D) an inverse correlation

Question 14

Correlations are sometimes spurious, meaning that:

A) there is a positive correlation
B) that the relationship between the variables is a causal one, but they are not correlated
C) that the variables are correlated and caused one another
D) that the variables are correlated, but in truth the relationship between them is not a causal one

Question 15

Which bivariate analysis is most appropriate for the following two variables: registered to vote (yes/no) and life satisfaction (from 1, not satisfied to 10, very satisfied)?

A) Difference of means
B) Correlation coefficient
C) Descriptive statistics
D) Data analysis

Question 16

Which bivariate analysis is most appropriate for the following two variables: age and yearly income?

A) Difference of means
B) Correlation coefficient
C) Descriptive statistics
D) Data analysis

Question 17

Why is it important to assess the magnitude of the result whenever conducting a statistical test?

A) Because some relationships between variables are statistically significant, but the magnitude of the relationship is actually quite small
B) Because some correlations are spurious
C) Because the difference of means test cannot be used on two variables with nominal measurement
D) Because a higher coefficient always means that it will be statistically significant

Question 18

A p-value of .03 means:

A) that in only 3 in 100 times would a result as large as the one observed in a sample of data be observed if the null hypothesis were actually true for the population
B) that the null hypothesis is correct in 3 of 100 times
C) that the research hypothesis is true
D) that 3% of the variation in the dependent variable is explained by the inclusion of an independent variable

Question 19

In SPSS, Sig (2-tailed) is the:

A) correlation coefficient
B) mean difference between two groups
C) p-value for a test
D) confidence interval