Question 1

As a pediatric nurse performing an evaluation, how would you elicit the Babinski reflex?&#10;A) Stroke the infant's cheek&#10;B) Stroke the edge of the infant's mouth&#10;C) Stroke the outer edges of the sole of the foot&#10;D) Place an object in the infant's hands

Accepted Answer

The Babinski reflex is elicited by gently stroking the outer edges of the sole of the foot, from heel to toe. This action should cause the big toe to move upward or toward the top surface of the foot. The other toes fan out, which is a normal reflex in infants.

Question 2

Infants should babble freely by 7 months of age. What should be ruled out if this is not occurring?&#10;A) Neurological impairment&#10;B) Hearing impairment&#10;C) Malnutrition&#10;D) Respiratory impairment

Accepted Answer

Hearing impairment should be ruled out if an infant is not babbling by 7 months, as hearing is crucial for language development and vocalization.

Question 3

As a pediatric nurse providing anticipatory guidance to parents of newborns, for which reason would you advise against allowing young siblings to feed an infant?&#10;A) Increased risk of aspiration&#10;B) Increased risk of mouth injury&#10;C) Increased risk of bowel obstruction&#10;D) Increased risk of vomiting

Accepted Answer

Young siblings may not be able to properly support the infant's head or recognize when the infant needs a break, increasing the risk of aspiration.

Question 4

As a pediatric nurse, what advice would you give to parents who fell behind or started late with vaccinating their child?&#10;A) Do not let your child around other children until vaccines are current.&#10;B) Do not worry about it until they are school age.&#10;C) Provide catch-up vaccination at earliest opportunity.&#10;D) The child should remain indoors to avoid as many pathogens as possible.

Accepted Answer

Catch-up vaccination schedules are designed to help ensure that children who start late or who are more than 1 month behind receive their recommended vaccines. This approach helps protect the child and the community by ensuring the child is immunized against preventable diseases as soon as possible.

Question 5

Since maternal stores of iron are depleted by 6 months of age, if a 12-month-old child presents with anemia, what is most likely the reason for this condition?&#10;A) Occult blood loss&#10;B) Poor nutrition&#10;C) Bone marrow malfunction&#10;D) Infection

Accepted Answer

At 12 months of age, the most common cause of anemia is poor nutrition, particularly due to inadequate dietary intake of iron after the depletion of maternal iron stores, which typically occurs around 6 months of age.

Question 6

Because infants are prone to sunburns, what is the best advice you can give parents to avoid sunburns?&#10;A) Keep your child covered at all times.&#10;B) Use a sunblock of at least 35 SPF.&#10;C) Do not allow infants to be in the sun for any period of time.&#10;D) Do not allow infants to be in the sun longer than 30 consecutive minutes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because infants are prone to sunburns, what...

Question 7

If you encounter a colicky infant who is being breastfed, which of the following might you suggest as an effective treatment for colic?&#10;A) Benadryl&#10;B) Simethicone&#10;C) Hydrolyzed formula&#10;D) Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri

Accepted Answer

Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri has been shown in some studies to help reduce symptoms of colic in breastfed infants.

Question 8

As a pediatric nurse performing a physical assessment, you should know that it is normal for a child to triple their birth weight by what age?&#10;A) 6 months&#10;B) 12 months&#10;C) 18 months&#10;D) 24 months

Accepted Answer

Most healthy infants are expected to triple their birth weight by 12 months of age. This is a general milestone in pediatric growth and development.

Question 9

As pediatric nurse assessing a newborn, what action should you take if the Apgar score of a newborn is less than 7?&#10;A) Immediately notify the physician&#10;B) Immediately administer oxygen&#10;C) Immediately transfer the newborn to the NICU&#10;D) Repeat assessment at 1-minute intervals until the newborn is stable

Accepted Answer

If the Apgar score is less than 7, the assessment should be repeated at 1-minute intervals to monitor the newborn's condition and determine if further intervention is needed.

Question 10

If a newborn is born with acrocyanosis (blue/pale extremities and a pink body), they should be assigned which Apgar score for appearance?&#10;A) 0&#10;B) 1&#10;C) 2&#10;D) 3

Accepted Answer

Acrocyanosis, which is the presence of blue or pale extremities with a pink body, is considered normal in newborns, especially in the first few hours after birth. In the Apgar scoring system, this condition would result in a score of 1 for appearance (color), as a score of 2 is given for completely pink babies, and a score of 0 is for babies who are pale or blue all over.

Deck 6: Caring for Neonates and Infants