Deck 19: broad concept of computer security and its importance in modern society.

Question 1

Which language uses mnemonics to represent instructions?

A) High-level language
B) Assembly language
C) Machine language
D) Virtual language
E) Accumulator language

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following does not characterize the imperative (procedural) paradigm for high level programming languages?

A) Sequential execution of instructions
B) Use of variables to represent memory locations
C) Exemplified by the functional and the logic models of this paradigm
D) The use of assignment statements that change the values of variables used in this paradigm.
E) Utilized by the dominant programming languages (BASIC, FORTRAN, C, C++, PASCAL) in the historical evolution of computer software.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Give some examples of abstractions as they relate to a computer system.

Answer 3

A user might run an application program to solve a problem and need only know how that program runs. The interface to the application program masks the underlying programming statements that make up the program. That program, written in a high-level language, is itself an abstraction, hiding the details of the machine-level instructions that actually get executed when the program runs.

Question 4

Describe the relationship among bases that are powers of 2.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the signed-magnitude and two's complement representations of negative integers.

Question 6

Compare and contrast the ASCII character set and the Unicode character set.

Question 7

Identify the six basic logic gates and describe the behavior of each.

Question 8

What is a transistor?

Question 9

Describe the basic characteristics of a von Neumann computer architecture.

Question 10

Describe, in general, the limitations computers have regarding numbers and arithmetic.

Question 11

What does developing and implementing a successful test plan for programs require?

Question 12

Distinguish between an atomic data type and a composite data type.

Question 13

Describe the following composite data-structuring mechanisms: arrays, records, and classes.

Question 14

Are an array and a list the same? Explain.

Question 15

What is an intractable problem?

Question 16

What are the two primary services that an operating system provides?

Question 17

Compare and contrast multiprogramming and timesharing.

Question 18

Describe paged-memory management.

Question 19

What is a file system?

Question 20

What is a directory tree?

Question 21

What does a disk-scheduling algorithm do?

Question 22

What is the purpose of file protection schemes and what part of the system manages these file protection schemes?

Question 23

Why are spreadsheets particularly good at performing what-if analysis?

Question 24

Describe the three primary components of a database management system.

Question 25

What is the relationship among database tables, records, and fields?

Question 26

What is a semantic network?

Question 27

What is an artificial neural network?

Question 28

What are the three compositional elements of a robot?

Question 29

Explain the goal and execution of a Turing test.

Question 30

Discuss the inherent ambiguities that exist in natural languages that make it difficult for computers to comprehend them.

Question 31

What is a queuing system?

Question 32

What functionality does a game engine provide?

Question 33

What part does artificial intelligence play in game design?

Question 34

Describe the three aspects of a system that make it well-suited for simulation.

Question 35

Describe the client/server model and its relationship to computer networks. Give examples.

Question 36

Describe how a message is transmitted using packet switching.

Question 37

Describe the Domain Name System (DNS) and how it is used to resolve network addresses.

Question 38

Explain the advantages of cloud computing.

Question 39

What actually occurs when a user "visits" a web page?

Question 40

Name some specific uses of cookies.

Question 41

What is the main role of HTML?

Question 42

Describe the three components of the CIA triad of information security.

Question 43

Give the three categories of authentication credentials and an example of each.

Question 44

In which phases of the software life cycle should verification activities take place?

Question 45

What is the halting problem?

Question 46

Match the type of security attack to its description.
-Uses a fake web page to collect information such as usernames and passwords.

A)Man-in-the-middle
B) Denial of service
C) Back door
D) Phishing

Question 47

Match the type of security attack to its description.
-Uses a hidden feature of a program to gain special access to a system.

A)Man-in-the-middle
B) Denial of service
C) Back door
D) Phishing

Question 48

Match the type of security attack to its description.
-Renders a system useless by preventing a valid user from accessing it.

A)Man-in-the-middle
B) Denial of service
C) Back door
D) Phishing

Question 49

Match the type of security attack to its description.
-Uses network access to "listen" to ongoing message traffic.

A)Man-in-the-middle
B) Denial of service
C) Back door
D) Phishing

Question 50

Match the cryptography term to its description.
-Based on laying out the letters of a message in a grid.

A) Route cipher
B) Caesar cipher
C) Digital certificate
D) Public-key cryptography

Question 51

Match the cryptography term to its description.
-Based on a pair of corresponding cipher keys.

A) Route cipher
B) Caesar cipher
C) Digital certificate
D) Public-key cryptography

Question 52

Match the cryptography term to its description.
-Shifts a letter a certain number of characters down the alphabet.

A) Route cipher
B) Caesar cipher
C) Digital certificate
D) Public-key cryptography

Question 53

Match the cryptography term to its description.
-Uses sender's personal data and authenticated public key.

A) Route cipher
B) Caesar cipher
C) Digital certificate
D) Public-key cryptography

Question 54

Which of the following describes the number 0 and any number that can be obtained by repeatedly adding one to it?

A) Number
B) Natural number
C) Integer
D) Negative number
E) Rational number

Question 55

Which of the following is true about vector graphics?

A) They represent real-world images very well.
B) They do not represent each pixel individually.
C) JPEG is a vector graphics format.
D) GIF is a vector graphics format.
E) They rely on spatial compression.

Question 56

Which of the following is an instruction to the assembler program?

A) Assembler directive
B) Assembly language instruction
C) Comment
D) Loader
E) Machine language instruction

Question 57

Which of the following translates a high-level language program into machine code?

A) Procedure
B) Interpreter
C) Bytecode
D) Paradigm
E) Compiler

Question 58

Which of the following does not represent one of the four stages of the object-oriented design process?

A) Brainstorming
B) Filtering
C) Responsibility algorithms
D) Scenarios
E) Information hiding

Question 59

A systems programmer writes programs that make it easier for others to program.

Question 60

Trees are a special case of graphs in which the edges represent a hierarchical relationship amongst the vertices.

Question 61

Object-oriented design focuses on the data objects that are to be transformed, resulting in a hierarchy of objects.

Question 62

A(n) _______________ is a mental model that removes complex details.

Question 63

Drawing boxes for variables and filling in the values is part of following an algorithm, whereas asking questions and deferring details is part of _______________ an algorithm.

Question 64

While at each iteration of a(n) _______________ sort, one more item is put into its permanent place, at each iteration of a(n) insertion sort one more item is put into its appropriate place with respect to those items above it.

Question 65

The lines connecting the nodes of a graph are called _______________.

Question 66

The requirement that only a value of the proper type can be stored into a variable is called _______________.

Question 67

_______________ is a language feature that enforces information hiding.

Question 68

What is Moore's law?

Question 69

Explain the onion analogy we use in this book to organize our exploration of computing systems.

Question 70

Describe the separation between the user and the computer hardware as software evolved.

Question 71

How does positional notation determine the value of a number?

Question 72

Convert the following base 13 number to decimal: 998

Question 73

Explain the concepts of subprograms and parameters, and distinguish between value and reference parameters.

Question 74

What role did Dutch computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra have in the development in high-level programming language design?

Question 75

Compare and contrast a binary tree and a binary search tree.

Question 76

Convert the following decimal number to base 13: 297

Question 77

Why are binary digits used to represent information on a computer?

Question 78

Compare and contrast a stack and a queue from a logical view.

Question 79

Explain what is meant by a compression ratio of 3/4.

Question 80

Describe the floating-point representation of a number.