Deck 44: Geriatrics

Question 1

After the discovery of "white lung", ____ was banned as an insulating material.

A) fiberglass
B) cellulose
C) asbestos
D) mineral wool

Answer 1

asbestos

Question 2

Brain weight decreases an average of ____ between early adulthood and age 90.

A) five percent
B) ten percent
C) fifteen percent
D) twenty percent

Answer 2

ten percent

Question 3

All diseases are the result of aging.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

By age 70, approximately ____ of individuals will have significant atherosclerosis, including asymptomatic disease.

A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%

Question 5

Patients suffer from one of the many forms of ____, causing an irreversible, gradual cognitive decline as the condition progresses.

A) kyphosis
B) delirium
C) dementia
D) presbycusis

Question 6

____ occurs as an acute and typically reversible change in mental status from the patient's baseline mental status.

A) Nocturia
B) Delirium
C) Dementia
D) Presbyopia

Question 7

As the immune system declines, patients with underlying chronic lung diseases become more susceptible to pulmonary infections.

Question 8

Medication dosages often need to be decreased in the elderly due to decreased medication clearance through the liver and kidneys.

Question 9

The maximum size of the lungs (total lung capacity) decreases with age.

Question 10

As a result of aging, men experience greater height loss than women.

Question 11

The thymus gland is responsible for producing T-cells, which fight certain invasive conditions.

Question 12

On the right side of the heart, ____, or right heart failure, results from increased pressures in pulmonary circulation that can arise from any of a number of causes.

A) cor pulmonale
B) atelectasis
C) ischemia
D) septicemia

Question 13

Patients with Stage ____ CKD have very little GFR left (< 15 mL/min/1.73m²), treating complications becomes increasingly difficult, and dialysis is usually started.

A) One
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five

Question 14

Patients with Stage ____ CKD have a normal or increased GFR (>90 mL/min/1.73m²) with some evidence of kidney damage, and the treatment emphasis is on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease progression.

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 15

The number of Americans ages 65 or older will double during the next 25 years.

Question 16

Metabolic rates drastically decline as a result of aging.

Question 17

Patients who have impaired kidney function, but are not in end-stage disease, are termed to have ____.

A) benign hyperplasia
B) chronic kidney disease
C) peptic ulcer disease
D) benign hypertrophy

Question 18

Patients with Stage ____ CKD have a severely decreased GFR (15 to 29 mL/min/1.73m²), and the treatment emphasis is generally on treating complications and preparing for dialysis or kidney transplantation.

A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five

Question 19

Pupil size decreases with age, resulting in a lessened ability to compensate for changes in light.

Question 20

Geriatric patients present with ailments that are unlike other patient populations.

Question 21

____________________ hearing problems may be caused by obstructions in the external ear canal such as buildup of cerumen, tumors, a collection of blood or fluid in the inner ear, and tympanic membrane injury.

Question 22

A Stage ____ decubitus ulcer is characterized by full thickness skin loss involving the muscle and bone.

A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five

Question 23

____________________ can be defined as a progressive functional decline with age, or the intrinsic, inevitable, and irreversible age-related process of loss of viability and increase in vulnerability.

Question 24

____________________ is the study of all aspects of aging, including the psychological, pathological, economic, and sociological problems connected with aging.

Question 25

Difficulty beginning to urinate is termed urinary ____.

A) urgency
B) hesitancy
C) frequency
D) nocturia

Question 26

A rule of thumb for normal systolic blood pressure is to take the patient's age plus ____, up to 140 systolic.

A) 50
B) 75
C) 100
D) 125

Question 27

Damage from exposure to the sun increases the incidence of ____________________ (skin cancer).

Question 28

____________________ is defined as a disruption of bodily function, systems, or organs.

Question 29

____, or the use of a large number of prescribed medications, increases the risk of side effects and errors that may account for vague or unrelated symptoms.

A) Integrative medicine
B) Doctor shopping
C) Polypharmacy
D) Pharmaceutical integration

Question 30

____ is characterized by frequent waking during sleep to urinate, that interrupts the sleep cycle.

A) Nocturia
B) Urinary urgency
C) Urinary dysfunction
D) Presbyopia

Question 31

____, also called liver spots, age spots, or sun spots, are so-called because of their liver-like color.

A) Lentigines
B) Acrochorda
C) Decubitus ulcers
D) Papillomas

Question 32

As a result of aging, normal lungs experience some regional atelectasis, or ____________________, from time to time, often as a result of position.

Question 33

A Stage ____ decubitus ulcer is characterized by full thickness skin loss that does not extend below the fascia.

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 34

Often used interchangeably with aging, ____________________ also refers to the ultimate disability of cells to reproduce themselves, leading to death of the organism.

Question 35

Kyphosis in the elderly patient presents a problem for EMS providers when a patient must be placed on a(n) ____________________.

Question 36

____________________ hearing problems may be caused by prolonged exposure to loud noise, head trauma, and some medications (e.g., aspirin).

Question 37

____ is an increase of the normal forward curve of the thoracic spine.

A) Presbycusis
B) Kyphosis
C) Nocturia
D) Hyperopia

Question 38

Blood vessels lose elasticity with age, leading to ____________________, which are most commonly seen in the legs because of the increased venous pressures in the legs from standing.

Question 39

A Stage ____ decubitus ulcer is characterized by intact skin with erythema that does not blanch with palpation.

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 40

Hearing loss due to aging is known as ____.

A) kyphosis
B) presbyopia
C) decubitus
D) presbycusis