Deck 14: Late Medieval Italy

Question 1

Which city was at its height of political and economic power when it employed the talents of the sculptor Nicola Pisano?

A) Florence
B) Venice
C) Ferrara
D) Pisa

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The frontality, stiff poses, and lack of modeling in Berlinghieri's Saint Francis Altarpiece reveal his training in which tradition?

A) Classical
B) Medieval
C) Byzantine
D) Anglo-Hibernian

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The facial types and hairstyles of which artist's figures reveal the influence of classical relief sculpture?

A) Giovanni Pisano
B) Nicola Pisano
C) Berlinghieri
D) Pietro Cavallini

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Simone Martini's rendition of Gabriel in the Annunciation may have been inspired by which contemporary phenomenon?

A) The solemnity of religious processions
B) The emotionalism of mystery plays
C) The etiquette of chivalric courts
D) The frenetic activity at public trials

Question 5

Which of the following Italian cities was a major shipping power?

A) Rome
B) Padua
C) Siena
D) Pisa

Question 6

The scenes involving wealth and luxury in the Triumph of Death served as a warning against what?

A) Education
B) Monastic life
C) Poverty
D) Lust and greed

Question 7

Which preeminent Italian city-state was referred to as "the daughter and creature of Rome"?

A) Pisa
B) Siena
C) Florence
D) Padua

Question 8

What did the humanist cult of fame emphasize?

A) The importance of a superior government
B) The importance of creative individuals
C) The importance of strong leadership
D) The importance of a good university system

Question 9

What devastating natural disaster occurred in Europe during the 1340s?

A) Mad cow disease
B) Insect infestation of linen plants
C) Flooding of Venice and Sicily
D) Bubonic plague

Question 10

Confraternities, whose members dedicated themselves to strict religious observance, were made up of which group?

A) Papal guards
B) Laypeople
C) Nuns
D) Farmers

Question 11

Which artist was instrumental in creating the International Gothic style?

A) Ambrogio Lorenzetti
B) Pietro Cavallini
C) Cimabue
D) Simone Martini

Question 12

Where in Italy did an admiration for classical art first reappear?

A) The Avignon papacy
B) The Florentine Academy
C) The monasteries of Pisa
D) The court of Frederick II

Question 13

Which monastic orders are known as the mendicant orders, those committed to vows of poverty and austerity?

A) Carmelites and Servites
B) Franciscans and Dominicans
C) Cluniacs and Cistercians
D) Benedictines and Carthusians

Question 14

Which of the following features of the pulpit for the baptistery of Pisa Cathedral is a medieval element?

A) Densely packed figural panels
B) Rectangular relief panels
C) Trefoil arches
D) Volumetric figures

Question 15

Which artist sought to reconcile the illusion of a weighty, three-dimensional body with the illusion of the space that contained it?

A) Duccio
B) Giotto
C) Cavallini
D) Martini

Question 16

Which of the following cities was considered the rightful capital of the Roman Catholic Church?

A) Avignon
B) Paris
C) Aachen
D) Rome

Question 17

Who was the architect of the cathedral of Florence?

A) Giotto di Bondone
B) Arnolfo di Cambio
C) Pietro Cavallini
D) Andrea di Cione

Question 18

In contrast to his father, Giovanni Pisano worked in a style that originated in which tradition?

A) Maniera greca
B) Classical antiquity
C) French Gothic art
D) Carolingian

Question 19

Which element of Giotto's new style appears in the Madonna Enthroned ?

A) Slender and fragile figures
B) Heavily patterned drapery
C) Figures floating in undefined space
D) Statuesque figures that cast shadows

Question 20

Who was the leading Roman painter at the end of the 13th century?

A) Duccio di Buoninsegna
B) Bonaventura Berlinghieri
C) Pietro Cavallini
D) Giotto di Bondone

Question 21

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Which sculptor is credited with the creation of the first decorated stone pulpit?

A) Giovanni Pisano
B) Nicola Pisano
C) Andrea Pisano
D) Lippo Memmi

Question 22

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What Italian city is the location of the Arena Chapel?

A) Rome
B) Florence
C) Padua
D) Siena

Question 23

The loosely curved folds of the garments in Duccio's Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints ( Maestà ) are derived from which style?

A) Byzantine
B) French Gothic
C) Classical
D) Visigothic

Question 24

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The Tuscan Romanesque revetment of the Florentine Duomo brings it closest to which architectural tradition?

A) French Gothic
B) English Perpendicular
C) Ottonian
D) Early Christian

Question 25

In 1305, the College of Cardinals elected a pope from which of the following countries, leading to the Great Schism?

A) Italy
B) Poland
C) Spain
D) France

Question 26

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In which detail of Madonna Enthroned is Cimabue's movement away from the maniera greca most evident?

A) Angel wings
B) Lower four figures
C) Receding throne
D) Mary's gesture

Question 27

Which building in Venice is an example of Late Gothic architectural style?

A) Basilica of San Marco
B) The Camposanto
C) Santa Maria
D) Doge's Palace

Question 28

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What is the subject of this panel from the Maestà ?

A) Lamentation
B) Entry into Jerusalem
C) Money-Changer and His Wife
D) Betrayal of Jesus

Question 29

What is the subject of the frescoes commissioned for the Palazzo Pubblico by the Sienese government?

A) The artist's position in society
B) Death and the plague
C) Feuds among guilds
D) The civic life of the Sienese

Question 30

What is the setting for Pietro Lorenzetti's Birth of the Virgin ?

A) Panoramic sunlit landscape
B) Shadowy church interior
C) Interior of an upper-class house
D) Ancient grotto with fountain

Question 31

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What technical term do art historians apply to Giotto's treatment of the angels in this fresco?

A) Chiaroscuro
B) Contrapposto
C) Three-quarter
D) Foreshortening

Question 32

Which of Giotto's innovations represents a departure from the Italo-Byzantine style?

A) Gilded backgrounds
B) Figures seen from the back
C) Elaborately painted draperies
D) Symmetrically arranged figures

Question 33

Which of the following was a Roman fresco painter who is now seen as a pioneering figure in the birth of Renaissance style?

A) Martini
B) Duccio
C) Cavallini
D) Giotto

Question 34

Which characteristic of Duccio's figures in the Maestà originates in Byzantine art?

A) Expressive movements
B) Formality and symmetry
C) Elaborate gestures
D) Three-dimensionality

Question 35

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Which earlier style accounts for the dynamic and emotional mood of this relief?

A) Italo-Byzantine
B) French Gothic
C) Hellenistic
D) Classical

Question 36

Whose work is best characterized by the use of solid volumes resting firmly on a flat stagelike surface?

A) Francesco Traini
B) Simone Martini
C) Giotto di Bondone
D) Nicola Pisano

Question 37

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Who is the painter of the back of the Maestà altarpiece?

A) Giotto
B) Martini
C) A. Lorenzetti
D) Duccio

Question 38

Who commissioned Andrea Pisano's south doors for Florence's Baptistery?

A) The guild of bronze workers
B) The guild of wool importers
C) The Franciscan order
D) Enrico Scrovegni

Question 39

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In addition to spatial illusionism, what innovation appears in this painting by Pietro Lorenzetti?

A) Stagelike setting
B) Worldly realism
C) Treatment of drapery
D) Conversing figures

Question 40

Which individual designed the Campanile of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence?

A) Arnolfo di Cambio
B) Giotto di Bondone
C) Andrea Pisano
D) Giovanni Villani

Question 41

What is the subject of the personifications on the lower eight panels on Andrea Pisano's bronze doors for the baptistery of San Giovanni?

A) Christian vices
B) Christian virtues
C) The seasons
D) The winds

Question 42

In Berlinghieri's painting of Saint Francis, what physical feature in the image is meant to lead viewers to closely associate the saint with Christ?

A) Belt
B) Robe
C) Stigmata
D) Hairstyle

Question 43

Which late medieval Italian painting constitutes the first landscape painting since antiquity?

A) Traini/Buffalmacco, Triumph of Death
B) Lorenzetti, Peaceful Country
C) Berlinghieri, Saint Francis Preaching to the Birds
D) Cavallini, Last Judgment

Question 44

What rhetorical device did Lorenzetti employ to convey the message of his frescoes in the Salle della Pace in Siena?

A) Simile
B) Symbolism
C) Allegory
D) Personification

Question 45

In the agreement, or contract, that led to the creation of an artwork, which aspect of the work received the most attention?

A) Materials
B) Size
C) Location
D) Cost

Question 46

What is the approximate height of the Triumph of Death fresco in Camposanto?

A) 20 inches
B) 2 feet
C) 8 feet
D) 20 feet

Question 47

The presentation of the main figures in Simone Martini's Saint Ansanus altarpiece is most likely guided by which influence?

A) Religious drama
B) Byzantine formality
C) Chivalric etiquette
D) Apprentice training

Question 48

Which component of Orvieto Cathedral is derived from French Gothic architecture?

A) Nave arcades
B) Facade
C) Clerestory
D) Elevation

Question 49

Which work derives some of its technical effects from the products of the silk trade in 13th- and 14th-century Italy?

A) Giotto's Arena Chapel
B) Berlinghieri's Saint Francis Altarpiece
C) Duccio's Maestà
D) Lorenzetti's Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country

Question 50

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What is the message written on the scroll in the upper left corner of this fresco?

A) A promise of prosperity to those who work hard in their assigned tasks
B) A warning against the harmful effects of avarice and gluttony
C) A warning against the relentless inevitability of death
D) A promise of safety to those who live under the rule of law