Deck 14: Emerging Africa

Question 1

Identify the following terms:
African National Congress (ANC)

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Identify the following terms:
Organization of African Unity (OAU)

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Identify the following terms:
AIDS in Africa

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Identify the following terms:
Julius Nyerere's Arusha Declaration

Question 5

Identify the following terms:
National Congress of British West Africa

Question 6

Identify the following terms:
Pan-Africanism

Question 7

Identify the following terms:
desertification of the Sahara

Question 8

Identify the following terms:
Jomo Kenyatta's Kenya African National Union (KANU)

Question 9

Identify the following terms:
pan-Islamism

Question 10

Identify the following terms:
Nelson Mandela

Question 11

Identify the following terms:
Patrice Lumumba

Question 12

Identify the following terms:
the shamba

Question 13

Identify the following terms:
Kwame Nkrumah's Convention People's Party

Question 14

Identify the following terms:
Morocco and Sultan Muhammad V

Question 15

Identify the following terms:
uhuru

Question 16

Identify the following terms:
Algeria and Ahmad Ben Bella

Question 17

Identify the following terms:
Kikuyu Central Association

Question 18

Identify the following terms:
the Mau Mau movement

Question 19

Identify the following terms:
neocolonialism

Question 20

Identify the following terms:
Kenya's Daniel arap Moi

Question 21

Identify the following terms:
South Africa's Thabo Mbeki

Question 22

Identify the following terms:
oral storytelling

Question 23

Identify the following terms:
F. W. de Klerk

Question 24

Identify the following terms:
Nigeria's Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart

Question 25

Identify the following terms:
Sudan's Muslims and Christians

Question 26

Identify the following terms:
Jacob Zuma

Question 27

Identify the following terms:
South Africa's apartheid

Question 28

Identify the following terms:
Liberia's Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf

Question 29

Identify the following terms:
Buchi Emecheta Second Class Citizens

Question 30

Identify the following terms:
Tutsi and Hutu

Question 31

Identify the following terms:
Zaire/Democratic Republic of the Congo

Question 32

Identify the following terms:
General Sani Abacha and Olusegun Obasanjo

Question 33

Identify the following terms:
African Econom ic Community and African Union

Question 34

Identify the following terms:
wabenzi

Question 35

Identify the following terms:
Ken Saro-Wiwa

Question 36

Identify the following terms:
Ngugi Wa Thiong'o's Devil on the Cross

Question 37

Identify the following terms:
Ama Ata Aidoo

Question 38

Identify the following terms:
Nigeria's Christians and Muslims

Question 39

Identify the following terms:
Wole Soyinka's The Interpreters

Question 40

Identify the following terms:
the United Nations' Millennium Declaration

Question 41

Early African nationalist activities included the

A) creation of the Kikuyu Central Association in Kenya.
B) founding of the Zanzibar People's Collective by Mohandas Gandhi.
C) establishment of the Assimilation Party by Sékou Touré in Ethiopia.
D) creation of the ANC in South Africa by F.W. de Klerk.
E) founding of the Ethiopian Freedom Party by David Mugabe.

Question 42

Identify the following terms:
Sahel

Question 43

Most political organizations demanding rights for Africans were

A) led by rural peasants, inspired by Marxist ideas of the class struggle.
B) committed to using violent means to achieve their goals.
C) led by paternalistic Europeans who saw Africans as children to be led and guided.
D) headed by Western-educated Africans who believed in non-violent change.
E) fascist in ideology and organization, inspired by the successes of Hitler and Mussolini.

Question 44

One of the most critical issues facing independent Africa was

A) that the continent had few, if any, significant economic resources.
B) the countries' boundaries had been artificially drawn by the colonial powers.
C) the continent lacked sufficient population in order to either produce or consume manufactured goods.
D) that the former colonial powers refused to offer any advice or assistance to the new states.
E) the danger of military invasion as a consequence of Cold War rivalries.

Question 45

Most African leaders

A) accepted the Western model of political organization.
B) opted for the Soviet model of political organization.
C) adopted Maoist communism as a model for economic organization, given that, like China, most Africans were peasant farmers.
D) believed that Africa's traditional culture must be abolished in favor of something more modern.
E) came from the peasant class.

Question 46

The following are true of the ANC except

A) it was originally led by Western-inclined intellectuals who had little popular support.
B) it was initially aimed at achieving full equality for the educated native population through peaceful means.
C) its policies met with cooperative reactions from the white majority who held power.
D) in time, its policies became more prone to the use of violence to achieve its goals.
E) its original goal was to achieve economic and political reforms "within the system."

Question 47

In regard to agricultural development in colonial Africa, it can be said that

A) the European "Green Revolution" seeds saved millions of lives in the 1930s.
B) most export profits were returned to local populations.
C) most of the native rural population grew their crops solely for their own sustenance.
D) modern industrial development was relevant to the crop production of most Africans.
E) after 1963 opium was shipped from Africa to Afghanistan.

Question 48

Uhuru is a Swahili word meaning

A) revolution.
B) non-violence.
C) communism.
D) democracy.
E) freedom.

Question 49

By the late 1960s, among the remaining European colonies in Africa were

A) Libya and Tunisia.
B) Zimbabwe and Uganda.
C) Ethiopia and Eritrea.
D) Mozambique and Angola.
E) Tanzania and Nigeria.

Question 50

The Pan-African belief in a distinctive "African personality" included all except it

A) was a defensive response rejecting views of Western racial superiority.
B) assumes that there is a distinctive African personality.
C) says that African blackness has a humanistic, emotional nature that is different from that of Western materialism.
D) is believed to provide a common sense of destiny for all black Africans.
E) the belief that all persons of African heritage should return to their motherland.

Question 51

The sometimes violent Mau Mau movement was centered in

A) French Algeria.
B) Portugese Angola.
C) Dutch South Africa.
D) British Kenya.
E) the Belgian Congo.

Question 52

The French colony which experienced widespread violence in the 1950s and which achieved independence in 1962 was

A) Morocco.
B) French Guinea.
C) Tunisia.
D) Libya.
E) Algeria.

Question 53

The Western colonial presence in Africa resulted in all of the following except

A) a fully developed industrial sector throughout the entire continent.
B) an improvement in sanitation and medical care.
C) little improvement in living conditions for most Africans.
D) a continued reliance on the export of raw materials.
E) a limited introduction of Western political systems.

Question 54

All of the following were results of European colonialism in Africa except

A) the spread of Islam.
B) a native wage scale that was inferior to that of the Europeans.
C) Africans were usually restricted to unskilled or semi-skilled jobs.
D) little opportunity for the native population to obtain professional or managerial positions.
E) a mixed heritage of imperialism.

Question 55

In the Union of South Africa's colonial era, voting was

A) restricted to whites only.
B) given to Black Africans if they had achieved a high school degree, which of course limited their numbers.
C) usually only available to whites, except in Cape Colony where mixed race persons could also vote.
D) given only to those of English descent, whereas those of Dutch descent were excluded after Britain's victory in the Boer War.
E) based upon income and educational qualifications and did not discriminate on a racial basis.

Question 56

Identify the following terms:
Bantustans

Question 57

Independence came to Africa later than to Asia because

A) colonialism was more entrenched in Africa inasmuch as the West had taken possession of that continent long before it had established itself in Asia.
B) Africans were more subservient to Western cultural influences than were Asians.
C) Western military power was greater in Africa since it was closer to Europe than was Asia.
D) Africans greatly benefited economically from Western rule and Asians did not.
E) in Africa there were fewer coherent states with a sense of cultural and ethnic unity than in Asia.

Question 58

Political organizations demanding rights for Africans first began

A) in the late nineteenth century.
B) immediately before World War I.
C) after World War I.
D) only during the Great Depression.
E) in the aftermath of World War II.

Question 59

The Western presence in Africa left a legacy that

A) was entirely negative.
B) disappeared immediately when the colonial powers withdrew.
C) was overwhelmingly positive in its impact.
D) mixed, with both positive and negative results.
E) disappeared immediately when the colonial powers withdrew and was overwhelmingly positive in its impact.

Question 60

The organization established in Addis Ababa in 1963 to further continental unity was the

A) African National Congress (ANC).
B) People's Party Convocation (PPC).
C) African Economic Community (AEC).
D) Organization of African Unity (OAU).
E) African Community Congress (ACC).

Question 61

The two leaders who finally ended the apartheid regime without major bloodshed in South Africa were

A) Francis Malan and Jomo Kenyatta.
B) F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela.
C) P.J. Surhoff and Thabo Mbeki.
D) Sékou Touré and Mangosuthu Buthelezi.
E) Milton Obote and Menachim Begin.

Question 62

The first president of post-apartheid South Africa was

A) F. W. de Klerk.
B) Nelson Mandela.
C) Mangosuthu Buthelezi.
D) Thabo Mbeki.
E) Desmond Tutu.

Question 63

The AIDS virus

A) is little threat to the peoples of Africa.
B) is more of a problem in rural Africa than in the urban areas because of peasant ignorance.
C) has infected at least 5% of the total population of sub-Saharan Africa.
D) was a serious threat to African society in 1980s but was quickly brought under control.
E) was early recognized as a major problem but Africa's high birthrate will overcome any losses caused by AIDS.

Question 64

Urban growth in Africa struggles with many problems except

A) restrictive zoning policies.
B) massive squatter settlements.
C) overwhelmed transportation system.
D) poorly functioning sanitation systems.
E) lack of reliable electricity and water.

Question 65

The author of Tanzania's Arusha Declaration of 1967 was

A) Julius Nyerere.
B) Nelson Mandela.
C) Jomo Kenyatta.
D) Idi Amin.
E) Abdul Nasser.

Question 66

In recent decades Nigeria has experienced all of the following except

A) military rulers.
B) tension between Christians and Muslims.
C) struggles between pastoralists and farmers.
D) wide-spread prosperity because of its great natural resources.
E) considerable political and military violence.

Question 67

Recently, a violent conflict of holocaust dimensions between the minority Tutsis and the Hutu majority occurred in

A) Zimbabwe and Zambia.
B) Uganda and Ethiopia.
C) Rwanda and Burundi.
D) Nigeria and the Congo.
E) South Africa and Angola.

Question 68

Environmental problems in Africa are those of

A) a failure to recycle.
B) smog and other industrial pollution.
C) a rising water table caused by the Greenhouse Effect.
D) drought and desertification.
E) excessive use of pesticides and other chemical products in agricultural production.

Question 69

African economic growth has been limited by all of the following except

A) scarce resources were squandered upon military equipment.
B) the necessity to import technology and manufactured goods from the West.
C) the spread of AIDS.
D) excessive water pollution by Africa's successful industrial development.
E) single crop or resource-dependent national economies.

Question 70

Perhaps the greatest success story in Africa in recent decades as been in South Africa where in the 1990s

A) the black minority achieved equal rights as the result of a successful revolution.
B) the white majority granted economic equality to the nation's black population.
C) apartheid was abolished and non-whites achieved political and social equality.
D) F. W. de Klerk was elected the nation's first black prime minister.
E) separate regions were set aside for the country's black population.

Question 71

Wabenzi refers to

A) a type of African socialism practiced in Tanzania.
B) wealthy people in East Africa.
C) Muslim village schools.
D) a novel written by Wole Soyinka, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.
E) those Africans who have been to colleges or universities.

Question 72

Capitalism was successfully established in Kenya because

A) there were no extremes of wealth dividing the social classes.
B) of a lack of Europeans to disrupt the social system.
C) there were extensive agricultural resources the lowlands.
D) of the existence of a substantial middle class.
E) investment capital was not concentrated just in Nairobi, the capital, but widely distributed throughout the nation.

Question 73

One of the wealthiest countries in Africa is

A) South Africa because of its diamond mines.
B) Kenya because of its coffee plantations.
C) Egypt because of its tourist industry.
D) Nigeria because of its oil reserves.
E) Zambia because of its uranium deposits.

Question 74

Most newly independent African states

A) were fortunate in having diverse economies.
B) relied on the export of a single crop or natural resource.
C) were able to build on the wide-spread industrial base left by the colonial powers.
D) conserved their limited resources by severely limiting expenditures on military equipment.
E) had fully self-sufficient economies and thus were not subject to fluctuating international trade demands.

Question 75

President Daniel arap Moi was replaced by

A) Mwai Kibaki.
B) Uhuru Kenyatta.
C) Julius Nyerere.
D) Jacob Zuma.
E) Nelson Mandela.

Question 76

The Millennium Declaration seeks to

A) reduce poverty and illiteracy worldwide by 2015.
B) remove the last vestiges of neocolonialism from Africa.
C) revive traditional African culture through education.
D) rebuild Zaire after the collapse of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
E) reunite the African National Congress.

Question 77

Neocolonialism is the

A) continued Western domination primarily through economic means.
B) use of military force by Western powers to control their African colonies.
C) imperialistic expansion in Africa by African countries against their neighbors.
D) widespread use of outsourcing to exploit labor forces in Sub-Saharan Africa.
E) political domination of another country through manipulation of elections.

Question 78

African socialism failed in Tanzania for all of the following reasons except

A) resistance by conservative peasants.
B) lack of economic aid from foreign countries.
C) corruption.
D) poor soil and lack of rainfall.
E) political opposition in Zanzibar.

Question 79

The pluralistic governments established in most African states at the time of independence

A) led to the creation of successful democracies.
B) all adopted a capitalist economy.
C) moved in the direction of "African socialism."
D) gave way to military regimes and one-party governments.
E) expelled all Europeans from their territories, establishing an Africa only for Africans.

Question 80

Forces that worked to undermine nationalism in Africa were all except

A) pan-Islamism.
B) pan-Africanism.
C) neocolonialism.
D) previously established colonial border.
E) industrialization.