Deck 10: Hypothesis Tests Based on a Single Sample

Question 1

For a hypothesis test, the smallest significance level for which the null hypothesis can be rejected is the:

A) critical value.
B) rejection region.
C) p-value.
D) test statistic.

Answer 1

p-value.

Question 2

Another way to think about the of null hypothesis is that in the null hypothesis we assume that

A) nothing out of the ordinary is happening.
B) all variations seen within the test data are due to random error.
C) nothing statically significant has occurred.
D) All the above.

Answer 2

All the above.

Question 3

The selection of the null and alternative hypotheses always follows what the experimenter expects or wants to see.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A pharmaceutical company is considering the purchase of new bottling machines to increase its efficiency.The factory currently uses machines that fill cough syrup bottles whose volume of medicine has a standard deviation of 1.6 mL.The new machine the company is considering was tested on 30 bottles, producing a batch with a standard deviation of 1.25 mL.Does this machine produce a variance of less than 1.6 at the 0.05 significance level? State the TS and test decision.

A) TS = 17.700; reject H₀
B) TS = 22.6563; reject H₀
C) TS = 23.4375; reject H₀
D) TS = 18.3105; reject H₀

Question 5

Which type of error would be considered a "false alarm"?

A) type I
B) type II
C) both type I and type II errors
D) neither type I nor type II errors

Question 6

If the decision from a hypothesis test is to reject the null hypothesis when in reality the null hypothesis is true, the test has:

A) made a correct decision.
B) made a type I error.
C) made a type II error.
D) proved Ha true.

Question 7

For any hypothesis test, the amount of evidence required to overturn (reject) the null hypothesis can be expressed by:

A) β.
B) α.
C) the type II error rate.
D) λ.

Question 8

A random sample of 20 U.S.adults finds they have an average height of 170.12 cm with sample standard deviation 9.8 cm.Find the TS, p-value, and decision for testing whether the average height of an American adult differs from 175 cm using a 0.05 level of significance.

A) TS = -2.23; p-value = 0.0380; fail to reject H₀
B) TS = -2.23; p-value = 0.0190; reject H₀
C) TS = 2.23; p-value = 0.0380; reject H₀
D) TS = -2.23; p-value = 0.0380; reject H₀

Question 9

If the decision from a hypothesis test is to fail to reject the null hypothesis when in reality the null hypothesis is true, the test has:

A) made a correct decision.
B) made a type I error.
C) made a type II error.
D) proved Ha true.

Question 10

In September 2000, St.George's Hospital in London was suspended from performing heart transplants because of a sudden spike in the mortality rate.Researchers recorded information from a sample of 361 patients and used this to test whether the mortality rate at St.George's Hospital was greater than the national rate of 15%.What would a type II error be in this situation?

A) concluding that the mortality rate at this hospital was more than 15% when in fact the mortality rate was no more than 15%
B) failing to recognize that the mortality rate at this hospital was more than 15%
C) concluding that the mortality rate at this hospital was less than 15%
D) failing to realize that the mortality rate at this hospital was less than 15%

Question 11

If the decision from a hypothesis test is to fail to reject the null hypothesis when in reality the null hypothesis is false, the test has:

A) made a correct decision.
B) made a type I error.
C) made a type II error.
D) proved Ha true.

Question 12

A shoe salesman wishes to check the validity of his supplier's claim that the average length of the adult male foot is 9.34 in.He randomly samples 35 adult male customers and finds their average foot length to be 9.01 in.The standard deviation of foot length is known to be 0.75 in.What would be the appropriate alternative hypothesis if the salesman thinks the supplier's claim is too high?

A) μ > 9.34
B) μ < 9.01
C) μ ≠ 9.01
D) μ < 9.34

Question 13

A test of hypothesis has the following details: H₀: μ = 8000, Ha: μ > 8000, n = 50, σ = 409, α = 0.01, = 8158
Calculate the p-value and state the correct decision for this test.

A) p-value = 0.0032; fail to reject H₀
B) p-value = 0.3863; fail to reject H₀
C) p-value = 0.3483; reject H₀
D) p-value = 0.0032; reject H₀

Question 14

Suppose you wish to investigate whether your spun tennis racquet is equally likely to land with the label facing up or down.Does this study call for a one-sided or two-sided alternative?

A) One-sided, because there is only one variable: how the label lands.
B) Two-sided, because there are two possible outcomes: up or down.
C) One-sided, because you want to know whether the label is more likely to land face up.
D) Two-sided, because you want to know whether the spinning process is fair or biased in either direction.

Question 15

Which of the following is an appropriate hypothesis?

A) H₀: p = 2 versus Ha: p > 2
B) H₀: = 0.25 versus Ha: > 0.25
C) H₀: p = 0.17 versus Ha: p ≠ 0.17
D) H₀: μ = 0.17 versus Ha: p < 0.17

Question 16

If the decision from a hypothesis test is to reject the null hypothesis when in reality the null hypothesis is false, the test has:

A) made a correct decision.
B) made a type I error.
C) made a type II error.
D) proved Ha true.

Question 17

In the trucking industry, nights away from home are an unfortunate reality of this profession.Big shipping companies attempt to lure potential drivers by promising more time at home.One such company claims that its drivers spend 98% of their evenings at home.A random sample of truckers from the company reveals that out of a total of 3514 days, 3405 evenings were spent at home.Based on the sample, does it appear that the claim is too high? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) CV = 1.6449; TS = -3.77; fail to reject H₀
B) CV = -1.6449; TS = -4.67; reject H₀
C) CV = -2.5758; TS =3.77; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = -2.5758; TS = -4.67; reject H₀

Question 18

Price gouging occurs when retailers take advantage of the unfortunate circumstances of others to charge exorbitant prices for needed products.This practice frequently occurs after a significant natural disaster.Suppose an area experiences a devastating hurricane and authorities suspect price gouging occurred.The average price for a gallon of milk in the area was $2.34 prior to the hurricane.If after the hurricane a sample 10 stores finds the average price is now $3.05 with a standard deviation of $0.98, does it appear that the average price of milk increased significantly after the hurricane? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test, and state the null hypothesis.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) CV = 1.8331; TS = 2.29; reject H₀: there is probably no price gouging
B) CV = 1.8125; TS = 0.72; fail to reject H₀: there is possibly price gouging
C) CV = -1.8125; TS = -0.72; fail to reject H₀: there is probably no price gouging
D) CV = -1.8331; TS = 2.29; fail to reject H₀: there is possibly price gouging

Question 19

An experimenter presented a body cue (such as bowing, pointing, or glancing) toward one of two objects and recorded whether a 4 year-old male collie named Krieger correctly chose the object indicated.Krieger chose the correct object 6 out of 10 times in this study.Does this provide evidence that Krieger understands human body cues? What are the TS, p-value, and decision in this study, using a 0.05 level of significance?

A) TS = 0.6325; p-value = 0.264; reject H₀
B) TS = 0.6325; p-value = 0.264; fail to reject H₀
C) TS = -0.6325; p-value = 0.264; fail to reject H₀
D) TS = 0.1000; p-value = 0.4602; fail to reject H₀

Question 20

For a test of hypothesis on p, it is safe to assume if:

A) np0 ≤ 5 and n(1-p0) ≤ 5.
B) np0 ≤ 5 and n(1- p0) ≥ 5.
C) np0 ≥ 5 and n(1-p0) ≥ 5.
D) np0 ≥ 3 and n(1-p0) ≥ 3.

Question 21

Suppose that a Z-score for a study is calculated to be 2.45.Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of this z-score?

A) The observed value of the sample proportion is 2.45 standard deviations above the hypothesized parameter value of p.
B) The observed value of the sample proportion is 2.45 standard deviations away from the hypothesized parameter value of p.
C) The observed value of the sample proportion is 2.45 times the hypothesized parameter value of p.
D) The study results are statistically significant.

Question 22

When we get a p-value that is very large, we may conclude that:

A) the null hypothesis has been proved to be true.
B) there is strong evidence for the alternative hypothesis.
C) the null hypothesis may not be overturned.
D) the alternative hypothesis has been proved to be false.

Question 23

A heat transfer process designed to cool a large electric motor must maintain the temperature as steadily as possible.The allowable variance for the process is 0.3969.Ten measurements of effluent temperature from the process have a variance of 0.4563.Assuming the underlying distribution is normal, does the sample indicate that the variance for the process is larger than allowed? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) CV = 16.9190; TS = 10.347; reject H₀
B) CV = 16.9190; TS = 10.347; fail to reject H₀
C) CV = 19.0228; TS = 7.828; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = 19.0228; TS = 7.828; reject H₀

Question 24

A massive server farm uses temperature-sensitive electronic equipment.The cooling system malfunctions over the weekend, and some of the equipment is damaged.The owners file a claim with their insurance company claiming that 7% of the units were affected throughout the facility.Investigators randomly sample 80 of the units from random locations throughout the server floor.They find 5 defective units.Does it appear that the company's claim is accurate (neither too high nor too low)? State the p-value and decision.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) p-value = 0.0700; reject H₀
B) p-value = 0.0700; fail to reject H₀
C) p-value = 0.7948; fail to reject H₀
D) p-value = 0.3974; fail to reject H₀

Question 25

A test of hypothesis has the following details: ​
H₀: μ = 28, Ha: μ < 28, n = 40, σ = 6.6, α = 0.10
​
Calculate β if the population mean is 27.5.

A) 0.7889
B) 0.9609
C) 0.9000
D) 0.2111

Question 26

A declaration, or claim, about the value of a specific population parameter is known as a(n):

A) declarative statement.
B) hypothesis.
C) parametric inference.
D) nonparametric inference.

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true regarding a hypothesis test on variance that uses the chi-square distribution?

A) The test is valid only for large sample sizes (n ≥ 30).
B) The test statistic will follow a normal distribution only if the underlying population follows a chi-square distribution.
C) The test is valid for any sample size, as long as the underlying population is normal.
D) The test is valid for large sample sizes (n ≥ 30) as long as the underlying population is normal.

Question 28

In a study of parents' perceptions of their children's size, researchers asked parents to estimate their youngest child's height.The researchers hypothesize that parents tend to underestimate their youngest child's size because the youngest child is the baby of the family and all other family members appear larger compared to the baby.The sample of 39 parents who were surveyed underestimated their youngest child's height by 7.5 cm, on average; the standard deviation for the difference in actual heights and estimated heights was 7.2 cm, and the data were approximately normal.Determine the TS and p-value for this study.

A) TS = 6.51; p-value = 0.0000
B) TS = -6.51; p-value = 0.0000
C) TS = 1.04; p-value = 0.1492
D) TS = -1.04; p-value = 0.1492

Question 29

In a study of parents' perceptions of their children's size, researchers asked parents to estimate their youngest child's height.The researchers hypothesize that parents tend to underestimate their youngest child's size because the youngest child is the baby of the family and all other family members appear larger compared to the baby.The 39 parents who were surveyed underestimated their youngest child's height by 7.5 cm, on average; the standard deviation for the difference in actual heights and estimated heights was 0.72 cm, and the data were approximately normal.Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for this study?

A) Parents' estimate of their youngest child's height is close to the real height, on average.
B) Parents tend to overestimate their youngest child's height, on average.
C) Parents tend to underestimate their youngest child's height, on average.
D) None of the above.

Question 30

In any test of a hypothesis, to reject the null hypothesis is to:

A) be absolutely certain that the status quo is false.
B) be absolutely certain that the status quo is true.
C) find sufficient probabilistic evidence in support of the alternative hypothesis.
D) find sufficient probabilistic evidence in support of the rejection region.

Question 31

To test the effects of acid rain on the growth of white pine trees, a conservationist measures the diameter (in centimeters) of 200 white pines in the Allegheny National Forest in northwest Pennsylvania.The average diameter of the sampled trees is 23.42 cm.Does the sample provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the current mean diameter of the white pines is less than that recorded 50 years ago (μ = 24.8) if the standard deviation is 6 cm? Calculate the p-value and make an appropriate decision.(Use α = 0.05).

A) p-value = 0.9994; fail to reject H₀
B) p-value = 0.0006; reject H₀
C) p-value = 0.0006; fail to reject H₀
D) p-value = 0.9994; reject H₀

Question 32

Suppose we decide to raise the probability of a type I error.What effect (if any) will raising the type I error probability have on β?

A) β will not be affected.
B) β will increase.
C) β will decrease.
D) There is no definitive way of knowing the effect on β without knowing the value of the population mean.

Question 33

A botanist creates a test of hypothesis to decide if the stem diameters for a hybrid plant are larger than those for standard plants.Standard plants have a mean stem diameter of 39 mm and a standard deviation of 4 mm.The botanist randomly samples 30 hybrid plants and records the stem diameters for each.What is the probability of a type II error if the population mean diameter of the hybrid plants is 41 mm and she assumes the standard deviation is still 4 mm? (Use α = 0.05,)

A) 0.9500
B) 0.9999
C) 0.1370
D) 0.2181

Question 34

A shoe salesman wishes to check the validity of his supplier's claim that the average length of the adult male foot is 9.34 in.He randomly samples 35 adult male customers and finds their average foot length to be 9.01 in.The standard deviation of foot length is known to be 0.75 in.What would be the test statistic for this test if the salesman thinks the supplier's claim is too high?

A) 2.60
B) -0.44
C) 0.44
D) -2.60

Question 35

If a test of a hypothesis does not provide sufficient support for Ha to overturn the status quo, we can definitively say:

A) H₀ is true.
B) Ha is definitely not true.
C) there is not enough information to conclude that Ha is more likely to be true than H₀.
D) we reject H₀.

Question 36

The ___________ is an interval or set of numbers specified such that if the test statistic exceeds this limit, the status quo of H₀ is overturned.

A) limit statistic
B) confidence interval
C) numeric limiting interval
D) rejection region

Question 37

Suppose you reject the null hypothesis at the α = 0.05 significance level.Would you reject it at the α = 0.01 level?

A) Yes, because the p-value would have to be less than 0.01.
B) Yes, because the p-value would be greater than 0.01.
C) No, because the p-value would be greater than 0.01.
D) We cannot tell without knowing the p-value.

Question 38

Previous research indicates that 20% of homeowners do not carry sufficient homeowner's insurance to adequately protect their investment.An insurance agency conducts a major advertising campaign in an attempt to rectify this situation.After the campaign, the agency randomly surveys 150 homeowners and find that 20 of them do not carry sufficient insurance.Does it appear that the proportion of homeowners without sufficient insurance was less after the ad campaign? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) CV = -1.2816; TS = -2.40; fail to reject H₀
B) CV = -2.3263; TS = -2.04; reject H₀
C) CV = 2.3263; TS = -2.04; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = 1.2816; TS = 2.04; reject H₀

Question 39

You have a SRS of size n = 16 from a normal distribution with σ = 1.You wish to test H₀: μ = 0 versus Ha: μ > 0.You decide to reject the null hypothesis if > 0 and not reject the null hypothesis otherwise.Find the probability of a type II error when μ = 0.2.

A) 0.2119
B) 0.4801
C) 0.5199
D) Cannot be determined without additional information.

Question 40

If a hypothesis test does not provide sufficient evidence to adequately support the alternative hypothesis, the most correct conclusion is:

A) to accept the null hypothesis.
B) to refute the alternative hypothesis.
C) to fail to reject the null hypothesis.
D) to fail to accept the null hypothesis.

Question 41

A psychologist runs rats through a maze and records the total time it takes for them to navigate the course.The run times are normally distributed, and we believe the standard deviation of the run times is 121 sec.Calculate the p-value from a test to see if the mean run time differs from 600 sec if 20 randomly sampled rats have an average run time of 583 sec.

A) 0.5286
B) 0.2643
C) 0.7357
D) 0.8883

Question 42

In a hypothesis test, the probability of a type II error for a given alternative parameter value is known to be 0.45.Assuming this alternative value is correct, what is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis (the power of the test)?

A) power = 0.45
B) power = 0.55
C) power = 1
D) We cannot determine the power without more information.

Question 43

Which of the following is an appropriate hypothesis?

A) H₀: = 9.8 versus Ha: > 9.8
B) H₀: μ = 9.8 versus Ha: μ > 9.5
C) H₀: μ = 9.8 versus Ha: μ ≠ 9.5
D) H₀: μ= 9.8 versus Ha: μ< 9.8

Question 44

A manufacturer of mosquito repellent claims that the average amount of time that its repellent is effective is at least 3.5 hr.A consumer group tests the claim using five randomly selected people.If the average time of effectiveness from the sample was 3.8 hr with a standard deviation of 0.76 hr, what is the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision for this test? (Use α = 0.025.)

A) CV = -2.7764; TS = 0.88; fail to reject H₀
B) CV = 2.7764; TS = 0.88; fail to reject H₀
C) CV = 2.5706; TS = 0.39; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = -2.5706; TS = -0.88; fail to reject H₀

Question 45

In an actual experiment, a researcher claims a drug cures a higher percentage of patients than the current therapy does.What is the null hypothesis, and why?

A) The new drug cures more people; because that's the researcher's claim.
B) The new drug cures more people; because the null hypothesis is based on the best drug.
C) The new drug is equal in performance to the old drug; because the null hypothesis always assumes no statistically significant difference exists.
D) The side effects of the current drug are the null hypothesis.

Question 46

The ______________ is the claim that is assumed to be true and believed to be true.

A) null hypothesis
B) alternative hypothesis
C) test statistic
D) true hypothesis

Question 47

A statistical hypothesis is always a statement about a ________________, NOT about a ____________.

A) parameter; statistic
B) statistic; parameter
C) nonparametric measure; statistic
D) random variable; fixed value

Question 48

A two-tailed test of hypothesis has a p-value = 0.0055.The critical value from the test is 0.9800.The type I error probability for the test is 0.01.What is the correct decision for the test and why is this reason correct?

A) Reject H₀ because p-value < α.
B) Do not reject H₀ because p-value < α.
C) Reject H₀ because p-value > α.
D) Do not reject H₀ because p-value > α.

Question 49

You have a SRS of size n = 16 from a normal distribution with σ = 1.You wish to test H₀: μ = 0 versus Ha: μ > 0.You decide to reject the null hypothesis if > 0 and not reject the null hypothesis otherwise.Find the probability of a type I error.

A) 0.25
B) 0.5
C) 0.75
D) Cannot be determined without additional information.

Question 50

A researcher claims that a new nose spray, formula N, is far more effective than that in use today, formula O.The null hypothesis should probably focus on

A) the expected performance of her nose spray, formula N.
B) the performance of today's nose spray, formula O.
C) the actual performance of her nose spray, formula N.
D) the difference between her nose spray, formula N, and the one in use today, formula O.

Question 51

An associate at a large home improvement store claims that she can build a composite 12 × 20 ft deck for an average cost of $7200.We sample eight decks built by this associate and find that the average cost was $8215.22 with a standard deviation of $711.16.Does it appear from this sample that the claim of $7200 is not accurate (either too high or too low)? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.05.)

A) CV = 2.3646; TS = 1.43; fail to reject her claim
B) CV = 1.8946; TS = 1.43; fail to reject her claim
C) CV = 1.8946; TS = 4.04; reject her claim
D) CV = 2.3646; TS = 4.04; reject her claim

Question 52

Patrons at a local batting cage complain that a pitching machine set to throw 80 mph is throwing too slowly.A random sample of 29 pitches from the machine yields an average speed of 79.25 mph with a standard deviation of 4.22 mph.Perform a hypothesis test to see if the average speed of this machine is less than 80 mph.Select the appropriate critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision, and list H₀.(Use α = 0.01.)

A) CV = -2.4671; TS = -0.96; fail to reject H₀t: the machine throws at less than 80 mph
B) CV = -1.3125; TS = -0.82; fail to reject H₀: the machine throws at less than 80 mph
C) CV = -2.2671; TS = -0.18; fail to reject H₀: the machine throws at less than 80 mph
D) CV = -2.4671; TS = -0.96; fail to reject H₀: the machine throws at 80 mph

Question 53

The test statistic (TS) is:

A) the value of the null hypothesis that is being tested.
B) a rule related to the null hypothesis that is used to determine whether H₀ or Ha is more likely to be true.
C) a sample characteristic that is used to prove the null hypothesis true.
D) a rule based on statistical modeling that will demonstrate the truth of H₀.

Question 54

A large industrial customer complains to its electric supplier that the variance in voltage supplied to its facility exceeds the promised value of 255.The electric supplier takes 30 voltage measurements at differing times of the day and finds a sample variance of 244.Does the sample indicate that the population variance is significantly less than 255? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.10.)

A) CV = -19.7677; TS = 27.749; fail to reject H₀
B) CV = 14.2565; TS = 30.307; fail to reject H₀
C) CV = 19.7677; TS = 27.749; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = 39.0875; TS = 30.307; fail to reject H₀

Question 55

An intern is working on survey data for a political candidate who wishes to statistically disprove a claim his opponent made.Halfway through the analysis, the intern changes from a "not equal" to a "greater than" alternative hypothesis.What effect does this have on the results?

A) None whatsoever
B) It doubles the rejection area, making it more likely that the opponent's statement will be proved "false."
C) It moves the rejection area to the right of the distribution curve.
D) It makes it harder to find the opponent's statement "false."

Question 56

A professor wishes to discover if seniors skip more classes than do freshmen.Suppose he knows that freshmen skip 2% of their classes.He randomly samples a group of seniors.Out of 2521 classes, this group skipped 77 classes.Based on the sample, does it appear that seniors skip more than 2% of their classes? State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and decision from the test.(Use α = 0.01.)

A) CV = 1.2816; TS = 3.78; reject H₀
B) CV = 2.3263; TS = 3.78; reject H₀
C) CV = 2.3263; TS = 3.08; reject H₀
D) CV = 1.2816; TS = 3.08; reject H₀

Question 57

Suppose you reject the null hypothesis at the α = 0.01 significance level.Would you reject it at the α = 0.05 level?

A) Yes, because the p-value would have to be less than 0.050.
B) Yes, because the p-value would be greater than 0.05.
C) No, because the p-value would be greater than 0.05.
D) We cannot tell without knowing the p-value.

Question 58

Consider a significance test for a null hypothesis versus a two-sided alternative with a z-test statistic.Give a value of z that will give a result significant at the 5% level but not at the 1% level.

A) z = 1.645
B) z = -2.17
C) z = -2.65
D) There is no such z-value.

Question 59

A shoe salesman wishes to check the validity of his supplier's claim that the average length of the adult male foot is 9.34 in.He randomly samples 35 customers and finds their average foot length to be 9.01 in.The standard deviation of foot length is known to be 0.75 in.What would be the critical value and decision for this test if the salesman thinks the supplier's claim is too high? (Use α = 0.01.)

A) -2.3263; fail to reject H₀
B) -1.2816; reject H₀
C) -2.3263; reject H₀
D) -1.2816; fail to reject H₀

Question 60

Reports completed by independent truck drivers indicate that the mean amount of diesel fuel purchased per week is 346 gal, with a standard deviation of 23.6 gal.Truck managers use this information to plan work schedules and to order gasoline supplies.A random sample of 20 independent truck drivers was obtained and their average weekly gas purchases had a sample standard deviation of 11.7712 gal.Is there any evidence to suggest that the true population variance in diesel fuel purchased each week is different from 556.96? State the TS and decision from the test, using α = 0.05.

A) TS = 4.7268; fail to reject H₀
B) TS = 4.7268; reject H₀
C) TS = 9.4768; fail to reject H₀
D) TS = 9.4768; reject H₀

Question 61

Consider a significance test for a null hypothesis versus a two-sided alternative with a z-test statistic.Give a value of z that will give a result significant at the 1% level but not at the 5% level.

A) z = 1.96
B) z = -2.57
C) z = 3.98
D) There is no such z-value.

Question 62

The mean amount of time needed to thaw a particular frozen dinner in the microwave prior to convection cooking is claimed to be 5.5 min, with standard deviation of 0.95 min.To test if the actual thaw time is longer than this, we sample 35 frozen dinners and record the amount of time to thaw each one.The average thaw time is 5.8 min.What is the p-value from this test?

A) 0.3761
B) 0.6239
C) 0.9693
D) 0.0307

Question 63

The _______________ represents a significant difference from the current standard or existing state.

A) null hypothesis
B) alternative hypothesis
C) test statistic
D) true hypothesis

Question 64

Psychologists wish to evaluate the consistency of a standardized behavioral test.The test is designed to have a variance of 225.Twenty randomly sampled tests yield a variance of 240.Assuming the underlying population is normal, test whether the actual population variance of this test appears to be significantly greater than its designed variance.State the critical value (CV), test statistic (TS), and conclusion from the test.(Use α = 0.01.)

A) CV = 27.2036; TS = 20.267; fail to reject H₀
B) CV = 36.1909; TS = 18.377; fail to reject H₀
C) CV = 36.1909; TS = 20.267; fail to reject H₀
D) CV = 27.2036; TS = 17.8125; reject H₀

Question 65

Suppose you wish to investigate whether your spun tennis racquet is equally likely to land with the label facing up.Which of the following will always be true about the p-value in this situation?

A) The p-value will increase as the sample proportion that lands "up" increases.
B) The p-value will decrease as the sample proportion that lands "up" increases.
C) The p-value will increase as the sample proportion that lands "up" gets further from 0.5.
D) The p-value will decrease as the sample proportion that lands "up" gets further from 0.5.