Question 1

Materials that are made from atoms containing seven or eight valence electrons are known as ____.&#10;A) insulators&#10;B) conductors&#10;C) semiconductors&#10;D) attractors

Accepted Answer

Materials made from atoms containing seven or eight valence electrons are typically poor conductors of electricity because their outer electron shells are nearly full, making it difficult for electrons to move freely. This characteristic is a hallmark of insulators.

Question 2

____ are materials that are neither good conductors nor good insulators.&#10;A) Gluons&#10;B) Semiconductors&#10;C) Repellers&#10;D) Metals

Accepted Answer

Semiconductors are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. They are not good conductors because they do not allow the easy flow of electrical current, but they are not good insulators because they do allow some flow of electrical current. Gluons and repellers are not relevant to the definition. Metals are good conductors, so they do not fit the definition of materials that are neither good conductors nor good insulators.

Question 3

____ are materials that permit electrons to flow through them easily.&#10;A) Conductors&#10;B) Insulators&#10;C) Semiconductors&#10;D) Liquids

Accepted Answer

Conductors are materials that have low resistance to the flow of electrons, which means they allow the electrons to move easily through them. Examples of conductors include metals such as copper, silver, and gold. Insulators, on the other hand, are materials that have high resistance to the flow of electrons and do not allow them to move freely through them. Semiconductors have properties between those of conductors and insulators, and they are widely used in electronic devices such as computer chips. Liquids can be conductors or insulators depending on their properties.

Question 4

Water is a compound, not an element.

Accepted Answer

Water is composed of two different elements, hydrogen and oxygen, making it a compound.

Question 5

Matter is any substance that has mass and occupies space.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of matter that is widely accepted in science.

Question 6

____ are the smallest part of a compound.&#10;A) Molecules&#10;B) Atoms&#10;C) Electrons&#10;D) Nuclei

Accepted Answer

Molecules are the smallest part of a compound that can exist while retaining the chemical properties of the compound. Atoms make up molecules, electrons are components of atoms, and nuclei are the central part of atoms.

Question 7

The smallest atom is ____, which contains one proton and one electron.&#10;A) hydrogen&#10;B) helium&#10;C) water&#10;D) carbon

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen is the smallest atom with one proton and one electron. Helium has two electrons and protons, while carbon has six electrons and protons. Water is a molecule composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Question 8

Atoms have a set number of electrons that can be contained in one shell, called an electron ____.&#10;A) level&#10;B) orbit&#10;C) group&#10;D) jump

Accepted Answer

The term "electron orbit" is commonly used to refer to the specific pathway that electrons follow around the nucleus of an atom. Each electron shell can hold a limited number of electrons, and these electrons are arranged in specific orbits or energy levels around the nucleus.

Question 9

Opposite charges repel and like charges attract.

Accepted Answer

Like charges repel and opposite charges attract.

Question 10

Electrons located in the outer shell of an atom are known as ____ electrons.&#10;A) magnetic&#10;B) orbit&#10;C) nuclear&#10;D) valence

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are the electrons located in the outermost shell (valence shell) of an atom, which are involved in chemical bonding and determining the chemical reactivity of the element. Magnetic, orbit, and nuclear electrons are not terms commonly used in describing the electrons in the outer shell of an atom.

Question 11

____ is the best natural conductor of electricity.&#10;A) Gold&#10;B) Aluminum&#10;C) Silver&#10;D) Copper

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____ is the best natural conductor of...

Question 12

The ____ is the basic building block of the universe.&#10;A) proton&#10;B) electron&#10;C) atom&#10;D) molecule

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____ is the basic building block...

Question 13

Semiconductors contain ____ valence electrons.&#10;A) two&#10;B) four&#10;C) six&#10;D) eight

Accepted Answer

The answer of Semiconductors contain ____ valence electrons.&#10;A) two&#10;B) four&#10;C)...

Question 14

The two most common materials used in the production of electronic components are ____ and germanium.&#10;A) gold&#10;B) aluminum&#10;C) carbon&#10;D) silicon

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two most common materials used in...

Question 15

The particle that holds the nucleus together is a quark known as a(n) ____.&#10;A) electron&#10;B) hadron&#10;C) photon&#10;D) gluon

Accepted Answer

The answer of The particle that holds the nucleus together...

Question 16

The ____ and proton combine to form the nucleus of the atom.&#10;A) nucleon&#10;B) neutron&#10;C) positron&#10;D) electron

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____ and proton combine to form...

Question 17

The negative terminal is created by causing an excess of electrons to form at that terminal and the positive terminal is created by removing a large number of electrons from that terminal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The negative terminal is created by causing...

Question 18

The outer shell of an atom is known as the nuclear shell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The outer shell of an atom is...

Question 19

The ____ theory states that current flow is produced when an electron from one atom knocks electrons of another atom out of orbit.&#10;A) repulsion&#10;B) bump&#10;C) terminal&#10;D) conductor

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____ theory states that current flow...

Question 20

The number of electrons that can be contained in any one shell is found by the formula ____, where N is the number of the shell.&#10;A)  &#10;B)  &#10;C)  &#10;D)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The number of electrons that can be...

Deck 1: Atomic Structure