Deck 33: Human Cardiovascular Physiology: Blood Pressure and Pulse Determinations

Question 1

By taking a pulse you can determine _.

A) pulse rate (normally equal to heart rate)
B) strength of the pulse
C) regularity of the pulse
D) pulse rate, regularity of the pulse, and strength of the pulse

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In comparing the volume of blood moved from atria to ventricles when the atria contract with the volume of blood ejected from the heart when the ventricles contract, we observe that .

A) atrial contractions move as much blood into the ventricles as ventricles eject
B) atrial contractions move more blood into the ventricles than ventricles eject
C) atrial contractions move less blood into the ventricles than ventricles eject

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which phase of the cardiac cycle is longest?

A) ventricular systole
B) isovolumetric contraction
C) ventricular diastole
D) isovolumetric relaxation

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Pulse pressure .

A) is the large difference between the apical and radial pulses
B) refers to alternating surges of pressure in an artery
C) is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
D) can be palpated easily under the chin

Question 5

The QRS complex of the electrocardiogram begins .

A) well after ventricular contraction
B) just prior to ventricular contraction
C) just prior to atrial contraction
D) just after ventricular contraction begins

Question 6

How is the degree of oxygenation of the blood related to skin color?

A) when the blood is oxygen-rich, skin will be pink or red
B) when the blood is oxygen-poor, skin will be pink or red
C) when the blood is oxygen-rich, skin will be pale or white

Question 7

The cardiac cycle _.

A) is a graph showing the timing of heart valve closure
B) is a graph of pressure changes in the heart as it contracts
C) is a graph of electrical activity of the heart
D) represents all of the events of the heart during one heartbeat

Question 8

When the upper limb is raised, and the pressure cuff inflated, blood flow to the forearm is stopped, and the hand .

A) turns very pale
B) has a blue color
C) first turns red, then becomes white
D) flushes red

Question 9

The pressure generated during contraction of the atria is that generated during contraction of the ventricles.

A) greater than
B) less than
C) the same as

Question 10

If you cut yourself and blood spurts rhythmically from the injury, you have probably cut .

A) a capillary
B) a vein
C) an artery
D) many veins and capillaries

Question 11

Is it possible to determine blood pressure from a cardiac cycle graph? Why or why not?

A) No, blood pressure must be measured using a pressure cuff and stethoscope.
B) Yes, both systolic and diastolic pressures can be read.
C) Yes, but only systolic pressure can be read.
D) Yes, but only diastolic pressure can be read.

Question 12

Assume that the heart is beating at 70 beats per minute. What is the approximate length of the cardiac cycle?

A) 0.80 sec
B) 0.92 sec
C) 0.86 sec
D) 0.75 sec

Question 13

Blood pressure is _.

A) generally measured in veins
B) the pressure of the blood against the blood vessel walls
C) a number that is the average of the systolic and diastolic pressures
D) the pressure of the blood against the blood vessel walls, generally measured in veins, and a number that is the average of the systolic and diastolic pressures

Question 14

The semilunar valves are forced open when _ _.

A) ventricular systole begins
B) ventricular diastole begins
C) atrial contraction occurs
D) ventricular pressure exceeds the pressure in the large arteries leaving the heart

Question 15

The term systole refers to .

A) atrial depolarization
B) ventricular depolarization
C) ventricular contraction
D) atrial contraction

Question 16

Heart sounds are associated with _.

A) closure of the AV valves
B) turbulent blood flow
C) closure of the semilunar valves
D) turbulent blood flow, closure of the AV valves, and closure of the semilunar valves

Question 17

By convention, the cardiac cycle graphs the events of the left side of the heart. How would the graphs change if we looked, instead, at the right side of the heart?

A) Both the pressure and volume changes in the right ventricle would be much less, while other events would be about the same.
B) Pressure in the right ventricle would be much less, and all other events would be about the same.
C) There would be no change in any of the events.

Question 18

The first heart sound heard during the cardiac cycle is associated with _ .

A) closure of the semilunar valves
B) closure of the AV valves
C) opening of the semilunar valves
D) opening of the AV valves

Question 19

Heart murmurs .

A) can be used to diagnose constricted heart valves
B) often indicate problems with heart valves
C) can be used to diagnose failure of the heart valves to close tightly
D) often indicate problems with heart valves, can be used to diagnose failure of the heart valves to close tightly, and can be used to diagnose constricted heart valves

Question 20

What does the cardiac cycle reveal about the opening and closing of the heart valves?

A) The AV valves open, then the semilunars open, then the AV valves close, followed by closure of the semilunars.
B) There are times when all four heart valves are open.
C) The AV valves close first, then the semilunars open and close, then the AV valves open.
D) There are no times when all four heart valves are closed.

Question 21

The first of the two numbers measured when taking the blood pressure represents .

A) pulse pressure
B) diastolic pressure
C) systolic pressure
D) isovolumetric pressure

Question 22

The AV valves close when _.

A) ventricular systole begins
B) ventricular pressure drops below the pressure in the large arteries leaving the heart
C) ventricular diastole begins
D) atrial contraction occurs

Question 23

AV valves are best auscultated at the .

A) 2nd intercostal space
B) 3rd intercostal space
C) 4th intercostal space
D) 5th intercostal space

Question 24

Venous pressure _.

A) is not affected by external factors such as muscle activity
B) is much lower than arterial pressure
C) is usually the same in veins as in their corresponding arteries
D) may be measured directly with a sphygmomanometer and pressure cuff

Question 25

The dichrotic notch is a result of pressure fluctuations that occurs when the aortic valve snaps shut. During which phase of the cardiac cycle can one observe the dichrotic notch?

A) ventricular systole
B) isovolumetric contraction
C) isovolumetric relaxation
D) atrial systole

Question 26

The mean arterial pressure for a patient whose blood pressure is 110/80 is _ _.

A) 80 mm Hg
B) 90 mm Hg
C) 30 mm Hg
D) 95 mm Hg

Question 27

Pulse deficit _.

A) is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
B) refers to the gradual lowering of pressure in an artery
C) is the difference between the apical and radial pulses
D) can be palpated easily at the ankle

Question 28

The first heart sounds are best heard .

A) directly over the body of the sternum, just inferior to the sternal angle
B) in the 5th intercostal spaces, at various distances from the sternal margins
C) in the second intercostal spaces at the sternal margins
D) just beneath the xiphoid process of the sternum

Question 29

When taking blood pressure, the sounds heard when the pressure cuff is released are due to .

A) the larger than normal diameter of the blood vessel
B) the smaller than normal diameter of the blood vessel
C) turbulent blood flow
D) smooth blood flow

Question 30

During moderate exercise, .

A) heart rate and blood pressure increase
B) heart rate remains the same or decreases
C) blood pressure decreases
D) blood pressure remains at pre-exercise levels