Deck 37: Caring for Clients With Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Question 1

The critical care nurse is caring for a client with bacterial meningitis. The client has developed cerebral vasculitis and increased ICP. What neurologic sequelae might this client develop?

A) Damage to the optic nerve
B) Damage to the vagal nerve
C) Damage to the olfactory nerve
D) Damage to the facial nerve

Answer 1

Damage to the optic nerve

Question 2

A client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse what their treatment is supposed to do since the disease is progressive. What would be the nurse's best response?

A) "Treatment aims at keeping you independent as long as possible."
B) "Treatment really doesn't matter; the disease is going to progress anyway."
C) "Treatment for Parkinson's is only palliative; it keeps you comfortable."
D) " Treatment aims at keeping you emotionally healthy by making you think you are doing something to fight this disease."

Answer 2

"Treatment aims at keeping you independent as long as possible."

Question 3

A client is experiencing muscle weakness and an ataxic gait. The client has a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on these symptoms, the nurse formulates "Impaired physical mobility" as one of the nursing diagnoses applicable to the client. What nursing intervention should be most appropriate to address the nursing diagnosis?

A) Use pressure-relieving devices when the client is in bed or in a wheelchair.
B) Change body position every 2 hours.
C) Help the client perform range-of-motion (ROM) exercises every 8 hours.
D) Use a footboard and trochanter rolls.

Answer 3

Help the client perform range-of-motion (ROM) exercises every 8 hours.

Question 4

What drug, prescribed for Parkinson's disease, has neuroprotective properties?

A) Amantadine (Symmetrel)
B) Selegiline (Eldepryl)
C) Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
D) Levodopa (Larodopa)

Question 5

A client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease has developed slurred speech and drooling. The nurse knows that these symptoms indicate which of the following?

A) The client is having an exacerbation.
B) Medication needs to be adjusted to higher doses.
C) The client is exhibiting signs of medication overdose.
D) The disease has entered the late stages.

Question 6

A client you are caring for experiences a seizure. What would be a priority nursing action?

A) Restrain the client during the seizure.
B) Insert a tongue blade between the teeth.
C) Protect the client from injury.
D) Suction the mouth during the convulsion.

Question 7

A 55-year-old female client presents at the walk-in clinic complaining of feeling like a mask is on her face. While doing the initial assessment, the nurse notes the demonstration of a pill-rolling movement in the right hand and a stooped posture. Physical examination shows bradykinesia and a shuffling gait. What would the nurse suspect is the causative factor for these symptoms?

A) Multiple sclerosis
B) Myesthenia gravis
C) Parkinson's disease
D) Huntington's disease

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a client with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). The care plan for this client reflects the client's problem eating due to jaw pain. To assist the client in meeting the adequate nutritional needs, what should the nurse suggest?

A) Take small meals of soft consistency
B) Increase the intake of calcium and proteins.
C) Include additional servings of fruits and raw vegetables
D) Include fish, liver, and chicken in diet

Question 9

A female client is prescribed phenytoin which she takes regularly for seizure control. The client suffers from constipation and complains to the nurse about the problem. What diet-related advice may the nurse offer the client?

A) Decrease the intake of fluids
B) Decrease the intake of iron
C) Include soft fruit or fruit puree in the daily menu
D) Increase the intake of fats and proteins

Question 10

You are caring for a client with a neuromuscular disorder who faces the risk of impaired skin integrity. What should you do to ensure that the client's skin remains intact?

A) Administer tepid sponge baths.
B) Use pressure-relieving devices when the client is in bed or in a wheelchair.
C) Assist the client to move as much as possible.
D) Maintain adequate hydration.

Question 11

An older client complains of a constant headache. A physical examination shows papilledema. What may the symptoms indicate in this client?

A) Epilepsy
B) Trigeminal neuralgia
C) Hypostatic pneumonia
D) Brain tumor

Question 12

You are the nurse caring for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The client also has an ascending paralysis. Knowing the complications of the disorder, what should you keep always ready at the bedside?

A) Nebulizer and thermometer
B) Intubation tray and suction apparatus
C) Blood pressure apparatus
D) Incentive spirometer

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with a severe exacerbation of Myesthenia Gravis. When administering medications to this client what is a priority nursing action?

A) Assess client's reaction to new medication schedule.
B) Administer medications at exact intervals ordered.
C) Document medication given and dose.
D) Give client plenty of fluids with medications.

Question 14

Because of the pain in her facial muscles and jaws a young female client with Bell's palsy is upset because she is unable to communicate properly. What advice can be given to the client to improve her speech?

A) Speak slowly and in short sentences.
B) Speak in monosyllables.
C) Don't speak but instead gesticulate.
D) Speak in short sentences but loudly.

Question 15

You are taking care of a client who is taking an anticonvulsant. Why should you advise the client not to stop taking the drug abruptly?

A) It may cause loss in appetite.
B) It may trigger status epilepticus.
C) It may cause alopecia.
D) It may cause severe and ugly skin rashes.

Question 16

A client diagnosed with Huntington's disease has developed severe depression. What would be most important for the nurse to assess for?

A) Loss of bowel and bladder control
B) Choreiform movements
C) Suicidal ideations
D) Emotional apathy

Question 17

The nursing instructor gives their students an assignment of making a plan of care for a client with Huntington's disease. What would be important for the students to include in the teaching portion of the care plan?

A) How to exercise
B) How to perform household tasks
C) How to take a bath
D) How to facilitate tasks such as using both hands to hold a drinking glass

Question 18

You are teaching a class on your unit about the assessment of neurologic clients who have infectious or inflammatory disease processes. After completing an initial assessment, what would you teach the nurses on your unit is the next step in caring for these clients?

A) Auscultate the lungs every 4 to 8 hours.
B) Evaluate the client's ability to swallow.
C) Provide for intake and output measurements.
D) Initiate an assessment flow sheet.

Question 19

You are caring for a client with an inoperable brain tumor. What is a major threat to this client?

A) Increased ICP
B) Decreased ICP
C) Hypervolemia
D) Hypovolemia

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized after a motor vehicle accident. The client has a comorbidity of Parkinson's disease. Why should the nurse closely monitor the condition and the drug regimen of a client with Parkinson's disease?

A) Drugs administered may not cause the requisite therapeutic effect.
B) Clients take an assortment of different drugs.
C) Clients generally do not adhere to the drug regimen.
D) Drugs administered may cause a wide variety of adverse effects.

Question 21

The nurse is caring for a client with an inoperable brain tumor. What teaching is important for the nurse to do with these clients?

A) Optimizing nutrition
B) Managing muscle weakness
C) Explaining hospice care and services
D) Offering family support groups

Question 22

The school nurse notes a 6-year-old running across the playground with their friends. The child stops in mid-stride, freezing for a few seconds. Then the child resumes their progress across the playground. The school nurse suspects what in this child?

A) An absence seizure
B) A petit mal seizure
C) A partial seizure
D) A tonic-clonic seizure

Question 23

A client with a brain tumor has been admitted for Gamma knife treatment. What preparation for the treatment should the nurse give the client?

A) The procedure is painful.
B) Each of the treatment lasts from 2 to 4 hours.
C) The treatments are very noisy and ear plugs must be worn.
D) The client is sedated and sleeps through the treatment.

Question 24

The nursing instructor is teaching the senior nursing class about neuromuscular disorders. When talking about Multiple Sclerosis (MS)what diagnostic finding would the instructor list as being confirmatory of a diagnosis of MS?

A) An elevated acetylcholine receptor antibody titer
B) Episodes of muscle fasciculations
C) IV administration of edrophonium
D) Oligoclonal bands

Question 25

A client you are caring for has had a seizure. How would you document this event? Select all that apply.

A) Duration
B) Precipitating factors
C) Body parts involved
D) Visitors present
E) Foods eaten