Deck 49: Introduction Tothe Endocrine System

Question 1

A client's history reveals a disruption in his sleep-wake cycles due to an increased exposure to light. Which hormone would the nurse suspect as being affected?

A) Prolactin
B) Luteinizing hormone
C) Melatonin
D) Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 1

Melatonin

Question 2

Which action would be most appropriate when evaluating a client's neck for thyroid enlargement?

A) Inspect changes in pigmentation in the neck.
B) Perform repeated palpation of the thyroid gland.
C) Palpate the thyroid gland gently.
D) Examine the skin of the neck for excessive oiliness.

Answer 2

Palpate the thyroid gland gently.

Question 3

A group of students are reviewing material about endocrine system function. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as secreted by the adrenal medulla?

A) Glucocorticoids
B) Mineralocorticoids
C) Glucagon
D) Epinephrine

Answer 3

Epinephrine

Question 4

A client is experiencing an increase in blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which of the following hormones would be important in lowering the client's blood glucose level?

A) Insulin
B) Parathormone
C) Melatonin
D) Calcitonin

Question 5

A group of students are reviewing for a test on hormones. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they state which of the following as being secreted by the kidneys?

A) Atrial natriuretic peptide
B) Estrogen
C) Renin
D) Gastrin

Question 6

When describing the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands, which of the following would the instructor include as characteristic of endocrine glands?

A) The secretions are released directly into the blood stream.
B) The glands contain ducts that produce the hormones.
C) The secreted hormones act like target cells.
D) The glands play a minor role in maintaining homeostasis.

Question 7

A client, aged 84 who is experiencing cognitive decline, is scheduled for a diagnostic test. Which action by the nurse reflects best practice when recording the client's drug history before the diagnostic test?

A) Giving printed directions to the client about participation in the test.
B) Consulting with the client's family or caregiver to confirm the information.
C) Offering assurance about the diagnostic test.
D) Consulting with the institution's procedure manual for specific instructions.

Question 8

The nurse obtains a complete family history of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder based on which rationale?

A) An allergy to iodine is inherited.
B) Endocrine disorders can be inherited.
C) It helps determine the client's general status.
D) Diet and drug histories are related to the family history.

Question 9

A nurse is reading an article that describes the function of the neurohypophysis. The nurse identifies this as which of the following?

A) Hypothalamus
B) Pineal gland
C) Posterior pituitary
D) Thymus gland

Question 10

A nurse is preparing to palpate the thyroid gland. Where would the nurse expect to find this gland?

A) In the upper part of the chest near the heart
B) In the abdomen, directly above the kidneys
C) In the right to left upper quadrant of the abdomen
D) In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea

Question 11

The thymus gland secretes thymosin and thymopoietin, which aid in developing T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell involved in immunity. Which of the following best identifies the location of this gland?

A) Attached to the thalamus in the brain
B) Positioned above the kidneys
C) Connected by a stalk to the hypothalamus in the brain
D) In the upper part of the chest above or near the heart

Question 12

A client scheduled for a nuclear scan of his thyroid confides in a nurse about his anxiety regarding the use of intravenous radioactive substances for the test and their safety. Which action would be most appropriate to help relieve the client's anxiety?

A) Encourage the client to ask questions.
B) Discuss the client's anxiety with the physician.
C) Offer assurance about the safety of the substances used.
D) Inform the client that the radioactive substances can be taken orally.

Question 13

An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class on the various pituitary hormones. Which hormone would the instructor include as being released by the posterior pituitary gland?

A) Somatotropin
B) Prolactin
C) Oxytocin
D) Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 14

The following clients are scheduled for thyroid testing. Which client would be at greatest risk for inaccurate results?

A) A client who was given salicylates last month
B) A client who avoids kelp
C) A client diagnosed with low blood sugar
D) A client who received corticosteroids 4 months ago

Question 15

During the physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse observes an abnormal bulging of the eyes. The nurse documents this finding as which of the following?

A) Thyroid enlargement
B) Exophthalmos
C) Hypopigmentation
D) Tremor

Question 16

When preparing teaching plan for a client with an endocrine disorder, the nurse includes information about hormone regulation. Which of the following would the nurse include?

A) The gland becomes enlarged leading to a deficiency of the hormone.
B) Most disorders result from over- or underproduction of the hormone.
C) The gland slows hormone secretion when the hormone level decreases.
D) Hormone secretion occurs as a straight-line continuous process.

Question 17

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client with a disorder of the thyroid gland. Which diagnostic test would the nurse expect the physician to order to evaluate thyroid hormones?

A) Magnetic resonance imaging
B) Radioimmunoassay
C) Computed tomography (CT)
D) Cortisol level determination

Question 18

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is suspected of having an endocrine disorder and is scheduled for diagnostic testing that involves the use of a contrast medium. The nurse would inform the physician if the client stated which of the following?

A) "My father had diabetes when he got older."
B) "I have an allergy to shrimp and shellfish."
C) "I take a multivitamin every day."
D) "Years ago, I took a steroid for my asthma."

Question 19

A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?

A) The concentration of a substance in plasma
B) Details about the size of the organ and its location
C) The functioning of endocrine glands
D) The client's blood sugar level

Question 20

During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which of the following?

A) Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion.
B) Detecting information about possible tumor growth.
C) Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels.
D) Determining the size of the organs and location.

Question 21

A client is scheduled for a thyroid panel. The nurse understands that this test would involve which of the following?

A) Radiograph of the neck
B) Radioactive iodine uptake test
C) Measurement of blood hormone levels
D) Scan using an injected radioactive substance

Question 22

Which hormone would be responsible for increasing blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis?

A) Somatostatin
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Cholecystokinin

Question 23

Which of the following hormones would the nurse identify as being secreted by the thyroid gland?

A) Parathormone
B) Thymosin
C) Thyroxine
D) Somatotropin

Question 24

After teaching a class about the endocrine system, the instructor determines that the students need additional instruction when they identify which of the following as an endocrine gland?

A) Pancreas
B) Adrenal gland
C) Testes
D) Kidneys

Question 25

A group of students are reviewing information about the relationship of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. The students demonstrate the need for additional study when they state which of the following?

A) "The pituitary gland, as the master gland controls, the secretion of hormones by the hypothalamus."
B) "The hypothalamus, a portion of the brain between the cerebrum and brain stem, creates a pathway for neurohormones."
C) "Corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus triggers ACTH secretion by the pituitary gland."
D) "The hypothalamus secretes releasing hormones that stimulate or inhibit pituitary gland secretions."