Deck 45: Immunostimulants and Immunosuppressants

Question 1

A single infusion of antithymocyte globulin can reduce the lymphocyte by:
1)40-50 %.
2)50-60%.
3)60-70%.
4)80-90%.

Answer 1

4

Question 2

The cells of the immune system that secrete substances that mediate the immune response are called:
1)Antibodies.
2)Antigens.
3)Cytokines.
4)Masts.

Answer 2

3

Question 3

The interferons with the greatest clinical utility are the:
1)Alfa interferons.
2)Beta interferons.
3)Gamma interferons.
4)Mu interferons.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A nurse caring for a client who has been on cyclosporine for six months following a renal allograft reviews the laboratory data and notes that the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine have shown a consistent elevation in the last two weeks.The nurse would correctly identify these findings as:
1)Cyclosporine side effects.
2)An anaphylactic reaction.
3)Metabolic acidosis.
4)Metastatic carcinoma.

Question 5

The nurse is establishing outcomes for the client with rheumatoid arthritis.Which statement describes an appropriate outcome following three days of immunosuppressant therapy?
1)Increased white cell count
2)Reduced joint inflammation
3)Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate
4)Decreased serum calcium

Question 6

The primary advantage for the use of monoclonal antibodies is:
1)Fewer side effects.
2)Broad-spectrum use.
3)Oral administration.
4)Single dosing.

Question 7

The nurse demonstrates understanding of the appropriate use of immunostimulant therapy by anticipating its use in the client with:
1)Exophthalmus.
2)Rheumatoid arthritis.
3)Gout.
4)Cancer.

Question 8

Adding polyethylene glycol (PEG)to an interferon has which pharmacological effect on the interferon?
1)Decreased first-pass effect
2)Decreased cellular permeability
3)Increased protein binding
4)Increased drug half-life

Question 9

The nurse demonstrates understanding of the appropriate use of immunosuppressant therapy by anticipating its use in the client with:
1)Exophthalmus.
2)Rheumatoid arthritis.
3)Gout.
4)Cancer.

Question 10

The nurse preparing to administer the initial dose of an immunosuppressant agent for a patient recovering from organ transplantation would make certain that screening had been performed to rule out:
1)Cardiomegaly.
2)Infectious processes.
3)Anemia.
4)Electrolyte imbalance.

Question 11

The nurse would recognize that additional teaching was necessary if the nurse finds the patient taking cyclosporine:
1)Drinking milk.
2)Eating leafy green vegetables.
3)Drinking grapefruit juice.
4)Eating fish.

Question 12

A patient is beginning interleukin-2 for advanced renal carcinoma.The nurse should monitor the patient for:
1)Hypertension.
2)Capillary leak syndrome.
3)Hyperglycemia.
4)Hyperuricemia.

Question 13

Concurrent use of azathioprine and an ACE inhibitor could result in:
1)Anemia and leukopenia.
2)Hematuria.
3)Hypercholesteremia.
4)Flu-like symptoms.

Question 14

To help minimize side effects in a cancer patient receiving interferon-alpha 2b therapy, the nurse should:
1)Limit fluid intake.
2)Limit visitors.
3)Provide antihistamines.
4)Administer acetaminophen.

Question 15

The nurse is explaining to a nursing student that allograft transplant patients need some form of immunosuppressant therapy.Which statement describes the pathophysiological reasoning behind this?
1)Despite accurate tissue matching, allografts contain antigens that trigger the patient's immune response.
2)The treatment is a precaution; rejection in allografts seldom occurs
3)The treatment is indicated only if signs of transplant rejection are present.
4)The treatment is designed to target chronic rejection, which will not occur for several weeks.

Question 16

The expected outcome for the patient receiving filgrastim (Neupogen)would be:
1)Reduction in tumor size.
2)Increased white cell count.
3)Increased platelet count.
4)Reduction in paresthesia.

Question 17

The nurse is teaching a course in pathophysiology.The students understood the material correctly if they identify the properties of interferons as: (Select all that apply.)
1)Antiviral.
2)Antineoplastic.
3)Anti-inflammatory.
4)Antibiotic.
5)Antifungal.

Question 18

The nursing student correctly identifies the advantage of cyclosporine for the prevention of allograft rejection is that it:
1)Increases white blood cell count.
2)Is less harmful to the bone marrow.
3)Decreases the risk of infection.
4)Can be administered subcutaneously.

Question 19

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)and tacrolimus (Prograf)represent which category of immunosuppressants?
1)Antibodies
2)Antimetabolites
3)Calcineurin inhibitors
4)Glucocorticoids

Question 20

An advantage for the use of monoclonal antibodies over polyclonal antibodies is that monoclonal antibodies allow for: (Select all that apply.)
1)Single dosing
2)Smaller doses
3)Fewer side effects
4)Intramuscular administration
5)Administration in the presence of fever

Question 21

Methylprednisone is added to a chemotherapeutic regimen.Which effect(s)would the nurse expect if the drug is taken long-term? Select all that apply.
1)Fluid retention
2)Hyperglycemia
3)Mental status changes
4)Hypotension
5)Osteoporosis